Disruption of inositol phosphate accumulation in cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyls: a consequence of altered Ca2+ homeostasis.

abstract：:Components of the herbicide Agent Orange--2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and their esters, and the contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)--and related chemicals were tested for mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mortelmans K,Haworth S,Speck W,Zeiger E

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:4-Alkylbicyclophosphates, R1C(CH2O)3P(O), with suitable R1 substituents (e.g., t-butyl, isopropyl, or cyclohexyl) are highly toxic compounds [mouse intraperitoneal (ip) LD50 values 0.036-0.52 mg/kg] and are potent noncompetitive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists. 4-Alkylmonocyclophosphates of the type R1(HOCH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Toia RF,Casida JE

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the effect of thuringiensin on the lungs tissues, male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with thuringiensin by intratracheal instillation at doses 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. The rats were sacrificed 4 h after treatment, and lungs were isolated and examined. Subsequently, an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tsai SF,Yang C,Liu BL,Hwang JS,Ho SP

更新日期：2006-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Carnosic acid (CA), a major bioactive component in rosemary extract, has many biological and pharmaceutical activities. Smad3 acetylation can regulate the transcription of type I α2 collagen (COL1A2), which is the major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether C...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhao Y,Shi X,Ding C,Feng D,Li Y,Hu Y,Wang L,Gao D,Tian X,Yao J

更新日期：2018-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to levels of sarin causing no overt clinical signs would cause more subtle, adverse health effects that persisted after the exposure ended. Inhalation exposures of male Fischer 344 rats to 0, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/m(3) of sarin for 1 h/day for 1, 5, or 10 days under...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Henderson RF,Barr EB,Blackwell WB,Clark CR,Conn CA,Kalra R,March TH,Sopori ML,Tesfaigzi Y,Ménache MG,Mash DC

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was conducted to clarify the acute effect of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TRCP), an organophosphate flame-retardant, on spontaneous ambulatory activity (AA) in male ICR mice and to examine the neurochemical mechanism of this effect. Single dose administration of 200 mg/kg i.p. of TRCP increased AA i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Umezu T,Yonemoto J,Soma Y,Suzuki T

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent breakthroughs in stem cell biology, especially the development of the induced pluripotent stem cell techniques, have generated tremendous enthusiasm and efforts to explore the therapeutic potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Stem cell therapies are being considered for the treatment of degenerative...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sharpe ME,Morton D,Rossi A

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer nanoparticles have been demonstrated to elicit a well defined cytotoxicological response from mammalian cell lines, the response increasing systematically with dendrimer generation and number of surface amino groups. In this work, using generation G4, G5, and G6 dendrimers, this syst...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mukherjee SP,Lyng FM,Garcia A,Davoren M,Byrne HJ

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methemoglobin formation, as well as hemoglobin or DNA adducts, are useful biomarkers of occupational exposure to certain arylamines. It has been suggested that, in liver from animals not treated with a cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducer, hepatic CYP1A2 is the major P450 involved in N-hydroxylation. This is the first step i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Shertzer HG,Dalton TP,Talaska G,Nebert DW

更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism underlying glaucoma remains controversial, but apoptosis caused by increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. We investigated the effects of compounds isolated from Psoralea corylifolia on oxidative stress-induced cell death in vitro and in vivo. Tran...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim KA,Shim SH,Ahn HR,Jung SH

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is characterized by defects in insulin signaling. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathways, and its increased activity and expression are implicated in the pathogenesis of ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liu ZQ,Liu T,Chen C,Li MY,Wang ZY,Chen RS,Wei GX,Wang XY,Luo DQ

更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The topobiological behaviour of Nrf1 dictates its post-translational modification and its ability to transactivate target genes. Here, we have elucidated that topovectorial mechanisms control the juxtamembrane processing of Nrf1 on the cyto/nucleoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereupon it is cleaved and ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xiang Y,Halin J,Fan Z,Hu S,Wang M,Qiu L,Zhang Z,Mattjus P,Zhang Y

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An earlier study indicated that percutaneous absorption of a 40-nmol dose of TCDD decreased with aging in rats, suggesting that the potential for systemic exposure following dermal contact would be decreased in older age groups. In this study, maturational changes in potential for systemic exposure to TCDD following d...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Anderson YB,Jackson JA,Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induction of hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase(s) (hUDP-GT(s] activity toward thyroid hormones and the relationship between the activity and the serum thyroid hormones or the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level were examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats after four consecutive ip doses of various hepatic enzyme indu...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Saito K,Kaneko H,Sato K,Yoshitake A,Yamada H

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenate (AsV) is a structural analogue of phosphate (P(i)), yet its toxic effect is likely due to its reduction to the more toxic arsenite (AsIII), the mechanism of which is still unclear. Since mitochondria take up AsV as they do P(i), they may reduce AsV to AsIII. To test this hypothesis isolated rat liver mitochon...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Németi B,Gregus Z

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of age and sex on the elimination of theophylline in New Zealand White rabbits was investigated following exposure to 0.3 ppm of ozone (O3) for 3.75 hr/day over 5 consecutive days. Animals were given air alone 5 to 7 days before and after the 5 days of O3 exposure. The elimination half-life of theophylline ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Canada AT,Calabrese EJ

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic is a toxicant found in ground water around the world, and human exposure mainly comes from drinking water or from crops grown in areas containing arsenic in soils or water. Epidemiological studies have shown that arsenic exposure during development decreased intellectual function, reduced birth weight, and alt...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Liu JT,Bain LJ

更新日期：2014-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The peripherally acting cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine was widely used during the Gulf War as a pretreatment against possible chemical warfare attack. Following consistent reports on long-term illness among Gulf War veterans, pyridostigmine was examined for its possible long-term effects. These effects were s...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Grauer E,Alkalai D,Kapon J,Cohen G,Raveh L

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to determine the ability of a series of 19 compounds representing different chemical classes of carcinogens to induce lung tumors in strain A/J mice after either ip or po administration. Aflatoxin B1, dibutylnitrosamine, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and methylnitrosourea induced a significant incre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stoner GD,Conran PB,Greisiger EA,Stober J,Morgan M,Pereira MA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transplacental crossover of 14C-2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (6-CB) from the maternal circulation to the fetal side of the placenta was examined in intact fetuses and following the in situ perfusion of the guinea pig placenta. Fetal, late pregnant, and nonpregnant female guinea pig lipoprotein profiles and th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ring BJ,Seitz KR,Vodicnik MJ

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intravenous administration of drug-loaded polyalkylcyanoacrylate (PACA) nanoparticles is followed by a rapid uptake by the tissues of the reticuloendothelial system, mainly the liver. Nevertheless, it is so far unknown whether chronic administration of nanoparticles can lead to damage to the liver cells. We have studi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fernandez-Urrusuno R,Fattal E,Porquet D,Feger J,Couvreur P

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvement of COVID-19 clinical condition was seen in studies where combination of antiretroviral drugs, lopinavir and ritonavir, as well as immunomodulant antimalaric, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine together with the macrolide-type antibiotic, azithromycin, was used for patient's treatment. Although these drugs are ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Baralić K,Jorgovanović D,Živančević K,Antonijević Miljaković E,Antonijević B,Buha Djordjevic A,Ćurčić M,Đukić-Ćosić D

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The commonly used antidepressants imipramine, amitriptyline, and nortriptyline were found to significantly inhibit human natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytolysis in vitro and suppress the stimulation of NK cells by IFN-gamma. This is a previously unrecognized biologic property of these drugs with psychotropic activ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xiao L,Eneroth P

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Statins are widely used to treat lipid disorders. These drugs are safe and well tolerated; however, in <1% of patients, myopathy and/or rhabdomyolysis can develop. To better understand the mechanism of statin-induced myopathy, we examined the ability of structurally distinct statins to induce apoptosis in an optimized...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Johnson TE,Zhang X,Bleicher KB,Dysart G,Loughlin AF,Schaefer WH,Umbenhauer DR

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic cardiovascular effects of allylamine and beta-aminopropionitrile were studied in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats given allylamine alone (AA), 100 mg/kg/day, beta-aminopropionitrile alone (beta APN), 1 g/kg/day, or both chemicals (AA + beta APN) by gavage. Rats were given a total of 10 doses in 11 days. Rats given...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kumar D,Hysmith RM,Boor PJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of toxicokinetic (TK) data is becoming more prevalent in the evaluation of food ingredient safety as more TK information is being incorporated in safety data packages. Data demonstrating "1) the extent of absorption, 2) tissue distribution, 3) pathways and rates of metabolism, and 4) rate(s) of elimination" of...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kabadi SV,Zang Y,Fisher JW,Smith N,Whiteside C,Aungst J

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of GSH concentration on metabolism of monocrotaline was examined in the isolated, perfused rat liver. Chloroethanol (0.37 mmol/kg), diethyl maleate (5.6 mmol/kg), and buthionine sulfoximine (72.9 mmol/kg) given in vivo reduced hepatic GSH from 3.7 mumol/g wet weight to 1.5, 0.6 and 0.9 mumol/g, respectiv...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yan CC,Huxtable RJ

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic-induced side effects limit its application in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We recently demonstrated that AS3MT 14215 (rs3740390) genotypes were associated with urinary arsenic metabolites and hematological and biochemical values. To further decipher the role of AS3MT genotypes on arseni...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lu J,Yu K,Fan S,Liu W,Dong Z,Li J,Wang X,Hai X,Zhou J

更新日期：2019-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A subchronic oral toxicity study of disobutamide, a piperidine ring compound with antiarrhythmic activity, was conducted at doses of 30, 100, and 250 mg/kg in rats, 45 mg/kg in dogs, and 90 mg/kg in monkeys. Numerous vacuoles were observed in various organs such as the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, spleen, thymus, sto...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Koizumi H,Watanabe M,Numata H,Sakai T,Morishita H

更新日期：1986-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhalation of dust from hard metal (HM), a mixture of tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other metals, can cause interstitial alveolitis, fibrosis, and asthma in the workplace. Some effects of HM could occur after the metals dissolve in the lung. We examined whether chloride salts of metals in HM alloys can elicit response...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Fedan JS,Cutler D

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00