Abstract:
:One of the most fascinating questions in evolutionary biology is how traits unique to humans, such as their high cognitive abilities, erect bipedalism, and hairless skin, are encoded in the genome. Recent advances in genomics have begun to reveal differences between the genomes of the great apes. It has become evident that one of the many mutation types, segmental duplication, has drastically increased in the primate genomes, and most remarkably in the human genome. Genes contained in these segmental duplications have a tremendous potential to cause genetic innovation, probably accounting for the acquisition of human-specific traits. In this review, I begin with an overview of the genes, which have increased their copy number specifically in the human lineage, following its separation from the common ancestor with our closest living relative, the chimpanzee. Then, I introduce the recent experimental approaches, focusing on SRGAP2, which has been partially duplicated, to elucidate the role of SRGAP2 protein and its human-specific paralogs in human brain development and evolution.
journal_name
J Neurogenetjournal_title
Journal of neurogeneticsauthors
Sassa Tdoi
10.3109/01677063.2013.789512subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
86-96issue
3eissn
0167-7063issn
1563-5260journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Writers' cramp is a movement disorder with dystonic co-contraction of fingers and hand during writing and is part of the clinical spectrum of focal dystonias. Previous studies showed reduced striatal dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) availability in dystonia. The expression of D2 receptors is modulated by a DRD2/ANKK1-Taq1A...
journal_title:Journal of neurogenetics
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of neurogenetics
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
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pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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