Abstract：
:First a model is presented that accurately summarizes the dynamic properties of cat horizontal (H-) cells under photopic conditions as measured in our previous work. The model predicts that asymmetries in response to dark as compared to light flashes are flash-duration dependent. This somewhat surprising prediction is tested and confirmed in intracellular recordings from the optically intact in vivo eye of the cat (Experiment 1). The model implies that the gain of H-cells should be related rather directly to the sustained (baseline) membrane potential. We performed three additional experiments to test this idea. Experiment 2 concerns response vs intensity (R-I-) curves for various flash-diameters and background-sizes with background luminance varying over a 4 log unit range. Results support the assumption of a rather strict coupling between flash sensitivity (gain) and the sustained level of hyperpolarization. In Experiment 3 we investigate this relation for both dark and light flashes given on each of four background light levels. The results suggest that there are fixed minimum and maximum hyperpolarization levels, and that the baseline hyperpolarization for a given illumination thus also sets the available range for dark and light flash-responses. The question then arises whether, or how this changes during dark adaptation, when the rod contribution to H-cell responses gradually increases. The fourth experiment therefore studies the relationship between gain and hyperpolarization level during prolonged dark-adaptation. The results show that the rod contribution increases the polarization range of H-cells, but that the gain and polarization level nevertheless remain directly coupled. H-cell models relying on a close coupling between polarization level and gain thus remain attractive options.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
van de Grind WA,Lankheet MJ,van Wezel RJ,Rowe MH,Hulleman Jdoi
10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00150-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
3969-85issue
24eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(96)00150-2journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Amblyopic subjects were asked to memorize circles of different radii (2, 4 and 6 degrees), and then to reconstruct them monocularly with each eye, point by point (12 points per circle). The resulting two-dimensional maps of visual space showed considerable distortions, including expansion, shrinkage and torsion of spe...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(93)90188-3
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experiments of visual search for a cube (for a square pillar in Experiment 3) with an odd conjunction of orientation of faces and color (a cube with a red top face and a green right face among cubes with a green top face and a red right face, for example) showed that the search is made more efficient by arrangin...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00300-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2-month-old human infant is known to be less visually sensitive than the adult by a factor of 50, if sensitivity is measured by the threshold for detecting a test light in the dark. In the present experiment, visual sensitivity of infants and adults did not differ significantly when sensitivity was measured by the...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(86)90084-2
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the involuntary ocular oscillations on visual resolution was examined in 22 albinos and 11 idiopaths with congenital nystagmus. The idiopaths showed a linear relationship between the proportion of the slow phase spent at low velocities (less than or equal to deg/sec) and the log of the minimum angle of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(91)90063-b
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of monocular deprivation (MD) on the crossed and uncrossed visual projections were studied using both electrophysiological and behavioural criteria. Our results show that Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) from the deprived eye (DE) in response to contrast reversing gratings are more reduced in the ipsilatera...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(86)90145-8
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After viewing directional motion, one is likely to perceive a subsequently presented directionally ambiguous motion as being in the same direction as the prior motion. The perceptual bias towards the most recent percept gradually develops as the interval between the prior stimulus and a subsequent test becomes longer....
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2007.06.016
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vernier thresholds are known to be elevated when a target pair has opposite contrast polarity. Polarity reversal is used to assess the role of luminance and chromatic pathways in hyperacuity performance. Psychophysical hyperacuity thresholds were measured for pairs of gratings of various combinations of luminance (Lum...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2012.01.007
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From the earliest stages of sensory processing, neurons show inherent non-linearities: the response to a complex stimulus is not a sum of the responses to a set of constituent basis stimuli. These non-linearities come in a number of forms and have been explained in terms of a number of functional goals. The family of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2015.10.015
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceived position of a moving target at a particular point in time, indicated by a flash, is often judged to be different from its actual location. Here, we show that the position of a target moving in depth is also systematically mislocalized. We used three types of targets moving in depth at a range of speeds f...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.01.001
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was hypothesized that egg-laying Papilio butterflies could use polarizational colours as a cue to detect leaf orientation and to discriminate between shiny and matt leaves. These hypotheses would be supported if the following general questions were answered positively: (1) Can surface orientation be unambiguously c...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.05.004
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Binocular sensory fusion which was previously thought to have a maximum spatial extent at the fovea of 1 deg is at least 600% larger when stimulated by low spatial frequency (coarse) detail. This upper limit for sensory fusion has a constant phase disparity limit of 90 deg which corresponds to the monocular Rayleigh c...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(84)90207-4
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on the ability of human observers to discriminate local second-order shape of quadratic stereo-defined surfaces. Local second-order shape can be specified by two parameters: the curvedness (a scale-dependent quantity describing overall curvature of a shape) and the shape index (a scale-independent quantity d...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)90285-2
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photometric constraints for the perception of transparency were investigated using stereoscopic textured displays. A contrast discontinuity divided the textured displays into two lateral halves, with one (reference) half fixed. Observers adjusted the luminance range within the other (test) half in order to perform two...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.10.022
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of perceptual organization was studied by Gestalt psychologists in terms of figure-ground segregation. In this paper we explore a new principle of figure-ground segregation: accentuation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of accentuation relative to other Gestalt principles, and also consider it autonomous ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2017.08.009
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the ability of human observers to detect three kinds of statistical structure in binary arrays: first-order statistics (luminance), local fourth-order statistics (isodipole textures), and long-range statistics (bilateral symmetry). Performance was closest to ideal on the luminance task and furthest from id...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.10.012
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One primary function of spatial attention is to exclude external noise [e.g., Psychol. Sci. 11(2) (2000) 139], especially in the region of the target stimulus [J. Vis. 2(4) (2000) 312]. What is not known is the spatial profile of external noise exclusion in the vicinity of the target and how this depends upon attentio...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2004.01.011
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a series of experiments we compared orientation discrimination performance for Gabor stimuli in which the stimulus profile was either matched to the receptive field profile of single V1 simple cells ('simple'), or in which the carrier and envelope orientations were different ('tigertails'). In the first Experiment,...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00015-8
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceived duration of a visual event is highly related to stimulus attributes. It is well known that a moving stimulus appears to last longer than a static one does. Previous studies have demonstrated that the time dilation in a moving stimulus can be influenced by perceived motion, rather than by mere physical mo...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2018.12.008
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Marine mammals have lost the ability to express S-cone opsin, and possess only one type of M/L-cone in addition to numerous rods. As they are cone monochromats they should be color blind. However, early behavioral experiments with fur seals and sea lions indicated discrimination ability between many shades of grey and...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2016.04.009
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tse (2005) recently introduced a new class of illusory brightness changes where shifts of attention lead to shifts in perceived brightness across overlapping, transparent figures, under conditions of visual fixation. In the absence of endogenous attentional shifts, illusory brightness changes appear to shift from figu...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.05.007
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spatial characteristics of the changes in retinal correspondence produced by forced convergence were studied. The vertical extent of lateral shifts in binocular correspondence were quantified by comparing the convergence of the eyes measured with binocular search coils to the convergence of the eyes as determined ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00448-3
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The visual evoked potential (VEP) in the mouse is characterized and compared to responses obtained with the electroretinogram (ERG). The results indicate that: 1, the VEP originates in the visual cortex; 2, the rod and cone pathways contribute separately to the VEP; 3, temporal tuning functions for rod and cone ERGs a...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.09.006
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Face exposure during development determines adults' abilities to recognize faces and the information they use to process them. Individual differences in the face categories represented in the visual environment can lead to category-specific deficits for recognizing faces that are atypical of observer's experience (e.g...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2016.12.005
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared color appearance data for two populations of middle-aged women: (1) women using the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy following successful treatment for early-stage breast cancer, and (2) healthy amenorrheic (peri- or post-menopausal) control subjects not using any...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.11.003
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thresholds for the detection of contrast differences and spatial frequency differences present in a sine-wave grating with suprathreshold contrast were measured as a function of the size of the grating and the number of cycles in the grating. For gratings with the same number of cycles, these thresholds are found to b...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(83)90203-1
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various studies indicate the existence of non-Fourier visual mechanisms that can extract non-luminance cues (e.g., contrast modulation) as well as a Fourier mechanism that deals with luminance variation only. We compared the pattern discrimination performance of the non-Fourier mechanism with that of the Fourier mecha...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(95)00260-x
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The absorption of a photon by a photoreceptor triggers a small voltage fluctuation termed the 'bump'. Here, in the housefly, I introduce the bispectrum of photoreceptor noise to characterise the bump under dim light. The bispectrum provides explicit phase information and is not contaminated by Gaussian background nois...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.09.020
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light and darkness promote opposite migrations of screening pigment granules in the retinal photoreceptors of the crayfish and other arthropods, and microtubules have been implicated in this part of the adaptation process. This report considers the topographic relationships of the migratory pigment granules with the m...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(82)90217-6
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal processing limits were determined for two types of stereoscopic percept associated with square wave disparity alternation: apparent depth motion and depth pulsation. The stimuli were dynamic random dot stereograms containing no monocular cues for either target motion or disparity change. The percept of a sing...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(84)90037-3
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Past physiological and psychophysical experiments have shown that attention can modulate the effects of contextual information appearing outside the classical receptive field of a cortical neuron. Specifically, it has been suggested that attention, operating via cortical feedback connections, gates the effects of long...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2008.12.017
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
