Abstract：
:This report updates the risk assessment by Crump and Allen for benzene-induced leukemia that was based on a cohort exposed to benzene in the manufacture of Pliofilm. The present study derives new risk estimates using data from follow-up through 1987 (whereas the earlier assessment only had follow-up available through 1978) and uses new exposure information for this cohort developed by Paustenbach et al. that accounts for a number of factors that were unknown or not fully evaluated in earlier exposure assessments. There was a significant excess of acute myelocytic or acute monocytic leukemia (AMML) (8-10 observed, 1.61 expected) in this cohort, and this end point also exhibited a strong dose-response trend. No other types of lymphatic or hematopoietic cancer were clearly linked to benzene exposure. Quantitative risk estimates were robust with respect to whether AMML or all leukemia was being modeled. They were also robust with respect whether the Paustenbach et al. or Crump and Allen exposure estimates were used (differences in risk estimates of no greater than 2-fold) as long as linear dose-response models were applied. However, whereas the Crump and Allen exposures predicted a linear dose response, the Paustenbach et al. exposures predicted a quadratic dose response. This departure from linearity was borderline significant (p = 0.08). Estimates of additional lifetime from 45 years of occupational exposure (lifetime exposure) to 1 ppm derived using he Paustenbach et al. exposure matrix and best-fitting (quadratic) models ranged from 0.020 to 0.036 per thousand, whereas corresponding estimates based on a linear dose response ranged from 1.6 to 3.1 per thousand.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Crump KSdoi
10.1289/ehp.961041437subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
1437-41eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
104 Suppl 6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been associated with cardiovascular mortality. Pathophysiologic pathways leading from ETS exposure to cardiopulmonary disease are still being explored. Reduced cardiac autonomic function, as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), has been associated with cardiac vulnerability a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109711
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal widely present in the environment. Case reports have suggested that maternal exposure to high levels of Tl during pregnancy is associated with low birth weight (LBW), but epidemiological data are limited. OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to evaluate whether pren...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1409202
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8497
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we give some examples of using databases of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity for quantitative and qualitative correlation studies between short-term tests and carcinogenicity. The quality of the databases is obviously important, but one of the major deficiencies of present databases is that they are too ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.919661
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides an overview of the problem of genetic susceptibility to childhood cancer with a particular emphasis on problems with ascertaining inherited cancer risk and the role of tumor-suppressor gene mutations in cancer predispositions. The association between neurofibromatosis type 1 and childhood leukemi...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.98106801
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although exposure to many industrially important monomers is controlled by law, few of these reactive chemicals have been determined in human tissues. Analogy with other fat-soluble organic substances strongly implies that these monomers may be retained in tissue, subject to the usual physiological constraints of meta...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.7617183
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8454111
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.99107711
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8246101
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP396
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.00108553
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditional models of toxicity have relied on dissecting chemical action into pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. However, the integration of genomic information with toxicology will enhance our basic understanding of these processes and significantly change the way we apply toxicological information to ris...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.02110s6919
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The upward trend in industrial nations in the incidence of male genitourinary (GU) conditions may be attributed to increased exposure to endocrine disruptors. Polybrominated biphenyl (PBB), a brominated flame retardant, is one such suspected endocrine disruptor. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the relationship be...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0800058
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.93101s59
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of a detailed experimental study of the pathogenicity of disease of slate dust workers, the early biochemical changes in rat lung from 1 to 90 days after intratracheal inoculation of slate dust of particle size below 5 micron were investigated. A severalfold increase in free cell population (initially macropha...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8351305
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0900871
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.98106649
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological monitoring of genotoxic hazard in the rubber industry was performed in 19 male workers and 20 age-matched controls in a local health unit in northern Italy. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed for the presence of DNA damage (single-cell microgel-electrophoresis, or comet assay) and for cytogenetic pa...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.96104s3543
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that exposure of healthy volunteers to concentrated ambient air particles (CAPS) between 0.1 and 2.5 microm in diameter is associated with modulation of human alveolar macrophage (AM) function, cytokine production, and immune phenotype in both blood and lung. Thirty-eight volunteers were expos...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109s4599
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Phthalates are metabolized and eliminated in urine within hours after exposure. Several reports suggest that concentrations of phthalate metabolites in a spot urine sample can provide a reliable estimation of exposure to phthalates for up to several months. OBJECTIVES:We examined inter- and intraperson and ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1002231
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lead exposure of children and their mothers has been studied in two towns with mean soil lead contents of 900 and 400 ppm. No significant difference in blood or fecal lead contents was demonstrated between the two populations, but a small difference in hair lead content was shown. The blood lead content of childre...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.74775
更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.961041177
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In response to potential threats to human health and fish populations, six states along the east coast of the United States initiated monitoring programs related to Pfiesteria-like organisms in 1998. These actions were taken in the wake of toxic outbreaks of Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & Burkholder in Maryland dur...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109s5711
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential danger of natural mercury accumulation in the diet of the Eskimo is evaluated through mercury levels determined in cord blood, placenta, maternal blood, hair, and milk of 38 maternal-infant pairs from Anchorage and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Although mercury levels are not discernably dangerous, trends t...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7615135
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Population-based studies have estimated health risks of short-term exposure to fine particles using mass of PM(2.5) (particulate matter journal_title：Environmental health perspectives pub_type： 杂志文章 doi：10.1289/ehp.0800185 更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We reviewed epidemiologic evidence related to occupational pesticide exposures and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort. DATA SOURCES:Studies were identified from the AHS publication list available at http://aghealth.nci.nih.gov as well as through a Medline/PubMed database search in...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.0901731
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Genetics may partially explain observed heterogeneity in associations between traffic-related air pollution and incident asthma. OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to investigate the impact of gene variants associated with oxidative stress and inflammation on associations between air pollution and incident childhood ast...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307459
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lysosomes of several varieties of cells such as the tubular proximal cell of the kidney and the alveolar macrophage have the ability to concentrate and precipitate several elements inhaled in water-soluble form, usually as phosphate. The mechanism involved is attributed to the high acid phosphatase activity of lys...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.9297145
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Along the Texas-Mexico border, the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) among Mexican-American women doubled during 1990-1991. The human outbreak began during the same crop year as epizootics attributed to exposure to fumonisin, a mycotoxin that often contaminates corn. Because Mexican Americans in Texas consume l...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8221
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Maternal factors are implicated in the onset of childhood asthma. Differentiation of naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes into pro-allergic T-helper 2 cells induces interleukin (IL)4 expression and inhibits interferon (IFN)γ expression accompanied by concordant methylation changes in the promoters of these genes. Howeve...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1103744
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
