Disruption of interferon-β production by the Npro of atypical porcine pestivirus.

abstract：:An estimated 230,000 Americans are unaware that they have HIV infection. As a result, these individuals have not benefited from treatment for HIV infection and they may continue to spread the disease. In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that 40% of adults aged 18-64 had been tested f...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Momplaisir F,Turner B

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host-pathogen interactions at epithelial barriers play an important role in health and disease. This also applies to the clinical setting of stem cell transplantation (SCT) in which deregulated sensing of microbes and their cell wall components by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can contribute to inflammatory and...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： van der Velden WJ,Plantinga TS,Donnelly JP,Kullberg BJ,Blijlevens NM,Netea MG

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of invasive infection. It also infects wet mucosal tissues including the cornea and conjunctiva. Conflicting evidence exists on the expression of Toll-like receptors by human corneal epithelial cells. It was therefore of interest to determine how epithelial cells from this immu...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Heimer SR,Yamada A,Russell H,Gilmore M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Older people experience enhanced susceptibility to viral infections and subsequent superimposed bacterial infections. Based on both experimental and clinical studies, this susceptibility is thought to be due to declining immune responses. However, our work indicates that older people may succumb to viral infection due...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Goldstein DR

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although both Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) and Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis are common opportunistic infections (OI) in USA & UK, combined infection has been only very rarely reported. After National Library of Medicine and Medline searches, only one case report by Tsai et al. has been found. Two additional...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Bruck PE,Das S,Allan PS

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a detailed spatially explicit simulation study (Czárán & Hoekstra, 2009) we have shown that quorum sensing (QS)--the ability of bacteria to detect the local density of their clonemates in their immediate neighbourhood--might have evolved in synergism with cooperative behavior, i.e., the production of "public goods"...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Czárán T,F HR

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recently identified bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) has rapidly become one of the most interesting areas of research in microbiology. In a relatively short period of time the relationship between the T6SS and the bacteriophage T4 tail and baseplate has been established. However, a number of questions con...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Aschtgen MS,Thomas MS,Cascales E

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Splenosis describes ectopic splenic tissue found in patients after rupture of the spleen. These implants are commonly located on the omentum but can be scattered throughout the body in varying number and size. Although splenosis was first documented over a century ago, the precise mechanism for its development remains...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Connell NT,Brunner AM,Kerr CA,Schiffman FJ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) responsible for detection of nucleic acids from pathogens in the cytoplasm of infected cells and induction of type I interferon (IFN). RIG-I -specific pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are characterized by RNA molecules with a ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Baum A,García-Sastre A

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tug of war between a pathogen and its host has been one of the most amazing stories in the field of microbial pathogenesis for ages. The strongest known species of all living organisms is the Homo sapiens and yet it is incredible how a pathogen of the size of few microns is smart enough to defeat this mightiest gr...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Garai P,Marathe SA,Chakravortty D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of bacterial pathogens to sense their immediate environment plays a significant role on their capacity to survive and cause disease. Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi) is an exclusively human pathogen that causes typhoid fever. In a recent study, we have shown that S. typhi senses and responds to...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Karavolos MH,Williams P,Khan CM

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections due to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A viruses have been considerably mild relative to previous pandemics. However, its continued circulation among human and animal populations heightened concerns for the generation of virulent variants with greater threat to public health. Thus, we explored the potent...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Song MS,Pascua PN,Choi YK

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Larvae of Galleria mellonella are useful models for studying the virulence of microbial pathogens or for evaluating the potency of antimicrobial agents. In this work we demonstrated that prior exposure of larvae to non-lethal doses of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia increases the resistance of larvae to a lethal dose (1...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Fallon JP,Troy N,Kavanagh K

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm birth significantly impacts on neonatal morbidity and mortality and is apparently increasing world-wide. Several studies have attempted to define a causative role for periodontal disease in adverse pregnancy outcomes but few have focused on the microbiology of periodontal disease in relation to these...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Africa CW

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs) pose a major problem but little is known about characteristics of Escherichia coli associated with RUTI. This study includes E. coli from 155 women with community-acquired lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) randomized to one of three dosing regiments of pivmecillinam and a...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Ejrnæs K,Stegger M,Reisner A,Ferry S,Monsen T,Holm SE,Lundgren B,Frimodt-Møller N

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attracting financial support is a critical element of success in science, but we have entered a time of cost constraint with little hope of relief coming soon. For principal investigators, developing a broad base of research support is a valuable strategy for attaining financial stability for the laboratory. New inves...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： McGovern VP

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) secretes various effector molecules, which co-opt host cells and enable parasite proliferation. Of these, the rhoptry protein, ROP18, is a parasite-derived factor that determines acute virulence. ROP18 is injected into the host cytoplasm during infection and, eventually, localizes to para...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Yamamoto M,Takeda K

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first stress that foodborne pathogens find upon ingestion is the very acidic pH of the stomach of the host. In addition, intracellular pathogens like Salmonella are submitted to low pH inside the host cells. Two general acid survival systems are found in these organisms: acid resistance mechanisms and acid toleran...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Ramos-Morales F

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) clinical variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) has emerged over the last decade. Our goal is to identify new mechanisms, which increase the virulence hvKP. It has been shown that hvKP strains produce more biofilm than "classical" stains of K. pneumoniae, therefore we hypothesiz...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Kong Q,Beanan JM,Olson R,Macdonald U,Shon AS,Metzger DJ,Pomakov AO,Russo TA

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) have recently gained notoriety as significant bacterial pathogens due to their extreme levels of antibiotic resistance, their transmissibility in clinics, their persistence in bacteriostatic solutions, and their intracellular survival capabilities. As pathogens, the Bc...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Thomson EL,Dennis JJ

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fungal pathogen Drechmeria coniospora infects C. elegans and elicits an innate immune response mediated, in part, by the induction of antimicrobial peptides in the epidermis. The signaling pathways controlling this phenomenon remain to be fully characterized. In this issue of Virulence, Couillault and colleagues u...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Lamitina T,Chevet E

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Temperature change is a ubiquitous environmental signal, which exerts powerful control over the development and virulence of microbial pathogens. For Candida albicans, the leading fungal pathogen of humans, temperature influences mating, phenotypic switching, resistance to antifungal drugs and the morphogenetic transi...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Shapiro RS,Cowen LE

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bacterial species use secreted quorum-sensing autoinducer molecules to regulate cell density- and growth phase-dependent gene expression, including virulence factor production, as sufficient environmental autoinducer concentrations are achieved. Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, contains a funct...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Bozue J,Powell BS,Cote CK,Moody KL,Gelhaus HC,Vietri NJ,Rozak DA

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are the bridge between the innate and adaptive immune system. DCs are responsible for sensing and patrolling the environment, initiating a host response and instructing the proper adaptive immune response against pathogens. Recent advances in medical treatments have led to increased use of immuno...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Ramirez-Ortiz ZG,Means TK

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated with nosocomially acquired infections. Host cell adherence and biofilm formation of K. pneumoniae isolates is mediated by type 1 (T1P) and type 3 (MR/K) pili whose major fimbrial subunits are encoded by the fimA and mrkA genes, respectively. The ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Alcántar-Curiel MD,Blackburn D,Saldaña Z,Gayosso-Vázquez C,Iovine NM,De la Cruz MA,Girón JA

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study about protein secretion, immunogenicity and virulence was performed in order to characterize and to compare eight Sporothrix schenckii sensu stricto isolates. For virulence characterization, a murine model, based on survival assay and CFU counting was used. S. brasiliensis and S. globosa, a highly ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Fernandes GF,dos Santos PO,Rodrigues AM,Sasaki AA,Burger E,de Camargo ZP

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious diseases continue to plague the modern world. In the evolutionary arms race of pathogen emergence, the rules of engagement appear to have suddenly changed. Human activities have collided with nature to hasten the emergence of more potent pathogens from natural microbial populations. This is evident in recen...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Mahan MJ,Kubicek-Sutherland JZ,Heithoff DM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from natural reassortment, co-circulation of different avian influenza virus strains in poultry populations can lead to generation of novel variants and reassortant viruses. In this report, we studied the genetics and functions of a reassorted non-structural gene (NS) of H9N2 influenza virus collected from back ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Munir M,Zohari S,Iqbal M,Abbas M,Perez DR,Berg M

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple experimental and human trials have shown that microcirculatory alterations are frequent in sepsis. In this review, we discuss the various mechanisms that are potentially involved in their development and the implications of these alterations. Endothelial dysfunction, impaired inter-cell communication, altered...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： De Backer D,Orbegozo Cortes D,Donadello K,Vincent JL

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An important role for bioenergetic dysfunction is increasingly emerging to potentially explain the paradox of clinical and biochemical organ failure in sepsis yet minimal cell death, maintained tissue oxygenation and recovery in survivors. Associations are well-recognized between the degree of mitochondrial dysfunctio...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Singer M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00