A fresh cadaveric study of the paratubal muscles: implications for eustachian tube function in cleft palate.

Abstract:

:The aims of this anatomic investigation were to examine the levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, and salpingopharyngeus muscles in relation to normal eustachian tube function and to analyze the clinical implications of these data for tubal physiology in cleft palate individuals. Detailed dissections under 3.2x loupe magnification were conducted on the paratubal muscles of 15 fresh human adult cadaveric head specimens, paying particular attention to their cranial base anatomy. Each half of the cadaveric heads was examined separately, giving a sample size of 30. The cranial base origin of the levator veli palatini was the junction of the cartilaginous and bony parts of the eustachian tube. Contrary to statements in the existing literature, it had no origin from the quadrate area of the petrous temporal bone. In its path toward the velum, it was related inferiorly and lay almost parallel to the tube. The tensor veli palatini originated from the scaphoid fossa of the sphenoid bone and the tube. In contrast to previous descriptions, it was found to consist of a single sheet of muscle with no bilaminar structure. Its axis was oblique to that of the tube. The salpingopharyngeus was a slender muscle attached to the posteroinferior aspect of the pharyngeal end of the tube. It inserted into the palatopharyngeus inferiorly. These morphologic characteristics and anatomic relationships suggest that (1) the levator veli palatini opens the eustachian tube by isotonic contraction that results in displacement of the medial tubal cartilage and the tubal membrane, (2) the tensor veli palatini opens the tube directly by traction on the lateral tubal membrane and indirectly by rotation of the medial tubal cartilage by means of traction on the lateral tubal cartilage, (3) because of its consistently small size, the salpingopharyngeus is probably functionally the least important of the paratubal muscles, (4) the levator veli palatini is unable to cause tubal dilatation in cleft palate because it can only contract isometrically, and (5) tensor veli palatini function is probably unaffected by clefting. However, its mechanism of action may be disrupted iatrogenically by complete hamular fracture or division of its tendon.

journal_name

Plast Reconstr Surg

authors

Huang MH,Lee ST,Rajendran K

doi

10.1097/00006534-199709001-00003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1997-09-01 00:00:00

pages

833-42

issue

4

eissn

0032-1052

issn

1529-4242

journal_volume

100

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Dermabrasion using an ultrasonic surgical aspirator.

    abstract::We used an ultrasonic surgical aspirator on the epidermal surface to perform dermabrasion instead of the conventional motor-driven grinder. It was determined on histologic examination that it is possible to fragment the epidermis with greater selectively using the ultrasonic surgical aspirator. Abrasion also can be pe...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-199604001-00024

    authors: Ito Y,Kondo S,Sumiya N,Yoshii M,Otani K,Wako M

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • Dermal suspension and parenchymal reshaping mastopexy after massive weight loss: statistical analysis with concomitant procedures from a prospective registry.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:An increasing number of women are presenting for mastopexy after massive weight loss. The authors analyzed data from a prospective registry of massive weight loss patients who underwent the dermal suspension and parenchymal reshaping mastopexy alone or with concomitant operations to assess safety and efficac...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e31819ba1a8

    authors: Rubin JP,Gusenoff JA,Coon D

    更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00

  • Shaped versus Round Implants in Breast Reconstruction: A Multi-Institutional Comparison of Surgical and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Since the 2012 approval of shaped implants, their use in breast reconstruction has increased in the United States. However, large-scale comparisons of complications and patient-reported outcomes are lacking. The authors endeavored to compare surgical and patient-reported outcomes across implant types. METHO...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003238

    authors: Khavanin N,Clemens MW,Pusic AL,Fine NA,Hamill JB,Kim HM,Qi J,Wilkins EG,Kim JYS

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • A technical consideration in the serial excision of a nevus.

    abstract::A case of removal of a large compound nevus of the leg by serial excision is reported. Failure to perform the initial excision entirely intralesionally led to the appearance of pigmentary deposits within normal skin. ...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-198012000-00008

    authors: Altchek ED

    更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00

  • Surgical treatment of radiation injuries of the hand.

    abstract::This paper describes the wound management and treatment of 12 consecutive patients with severe radiation damage to the hands. Three of these were secondary to therapeutic radiation for squamous cell carcinoma in one and synovial sarcoma in two, and nine were healthy professional people exposed to radiation in the work...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-199308000-00015

    authors: Milanov NO,Shilov BL,Tjulenev AV

    更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00

  • Changing the convexity and concavity of nasal cartilages and cartilage grafts with horizontal mattress sutures: part II. Clinical results.

    abstract::Horizontal mattress sutures have previously been shown to remove unwanted bulbosity and convexity of nasal tip cartilages. The purpose of this study was to extend that concept by investigating the universal applicability of the horizontal mattress suture to change and control the curvature (e.g., convexity or concavit...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000150146.04465.81

    authors: Gruber RP,Nahai F,Bogdan MA,Friedman GD

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of muscle transplantation after unilateral partial facial paralysis on craniofacial growth and development: relationship between muscle and nerve histomorphometric findings.

    abstract::Muscle transplantation has become an indispensable tool to restore the smile in patients with long-standing or congenital facial paralysis. However, little is known of the effect of this surgical intervention on craniofacial growth and development or of the adaptation of the transplant to its recipient site under circ...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-200001000-00020

    authors: Sinsel NK,Guelinckx PJ,Opdebeeck H

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Control of Nasal Tip Position: Quantitative Assessment of Columellar Strut versus Caudal Septal Extension Graft.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Control and maintenance of nasal tip position are critical in rhinoplasty. Two frequent methods of exerting tip control are columellar strut and caudal septal extension graft. However, no quantitative data exist comparing the two methods over time. The purpose of this study was to analyze maintenance of tip ...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000006178

    authors: Sawh-Martinez R,Perkins K,Madari S,Steinbacher DM

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Evidence-based medicine: Unilateral cleft lip and nose repair.

    abstract:LEARNING OBJECTIVES:After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the anatomical malformations found in unilateral cleft lip deformity. 2. Discuss current methods of measuring the deformity and subsequent outcomes. 3. Discuss preoperative assessments, workup, and the use of early interventi...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000000721

    authors: Greives MR,Camison L,Losee JE

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • Follicular anatomy of the anterior temporal hairline and implications for rhytidectomy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Incisions made perpendicular to the hair follicles during anterior frontal hairline brow lifts or forehead shortening procedures help produce an inconspicuous forehead scar. The success of this "hidden" incision relies on the anteriorly directed frontal hairline follicles and their growth vector. The authors...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000259191.59277.7a

    authors: Mowlavi A,Majzoub RK,Cooney DS,Wilhelmi BJ,Guyuron B

    更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00

  • Facial Contour Symmetry Outcomes after Site-Specific Facial Fat Compartment Augmentation with Fat Grafting in Facial Deformities.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The purposes of this study were to evaluate facial symmetry after the first fat grafting session in patients with unilateral facial contour deformities and to identify independent predictors of 12-month postoperative facial symmetry. METHODS:A prospective analysis was conducted of consecutive patients (n = ...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000005220

    authors: Denadai R,Buzzo CL,Raposo-Amaral CA,Raposo-Amaral CE

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Monitoring buried free flaps: limitations of the implantable Doppler and use of color duplex sonography as a confirmatory test.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Postoperative monitoring of free flaps is important to minimize the risk of flap failure, but monitoring buried free flaps is difficult because the standard methods of clinical examination and surface Doppler monitoring are not possible. Buried free flaps are often monitored using an implantable 20-MHz ultra...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000221113.78244.8c

    authors: Rosenberg JJ,Fornage BD,Chevray PM

    更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00

  • The influence of procedure delay on resource use: a national study of patients with open tibial fracture.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to (1) understand national variation in delay of emergency procedures in patients with open tibial fracture at the hospital level and (2) compare length of stay and cost in patients cared for at the best- and worst-performing hospitals for delay. METHODS:The authors retrospecti...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e31827c6efc

    authors: Sears ED,Burke JF,Davis MM,Chung KC

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Airway hazards associated with pharyngeal flaps in patients who have the Pierre Robin syndrome.

    abstract::We describe 3 patients with the Pierre Robin Syndrome who developed severe problems of airway obstruction after having the cleft palate closed and a pharyngeal flap done simultaneously. We now believe that, even at a later age, pharyngeal flaps should be done in these patients only after a most careful assessment of t...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-197608000-00007

    authors: Jackson P,Whitaker LA,Randall P

    更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00

  • Histologic, histochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of soft tissues from cleft and normal lips.

    abstract::The cause of cleft lip remains speculative. The nature and extent of pathophysiologic changes in cleft lip muscle are controversial. This study was undertaken to better understand the developmental processes at work. There were two groups of patients. In group 1, 40 fresh tissue specimens were taken from 22 patients w...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-200109010-00002

    authors: de Chalain T,Zuker R,Ackerley C

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Vascular delay improves latissimus dorsi muscle perfusion and muscle function for use in cardiomyoplasty.

    abstract::Ischemia of the distal portion of the latissimus dorsi muscle occurs in muscle transfer for cardiomyoplasty and reduces distal muscle contractility and thus the mechanical effectiveness of cardiomyoplasty. We hypothesized that muscle function would be improved by a vascular delay procedure that increases distal muscle...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-199704001-00020

    authors: Carroll SM,Heilman SJ,Stremel RW,Tobin GR,Barker JH

    更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00

  • Breast-conserving therapy in patients with a relatively large (T2 or T3) breast cancer: long-term local control and cosmetic outcome of a feasibility study.

    abstract::Breast-conserving therapy is widely accepted as an appropriate method of primary treatment of T1 and T2 breast cancers that measure up to 5 cm. For safe and cosmetically acceptable breast-conserving therapy in patients with larger breast cancers, the tumor volume has to be reduced preoperatively, and lost tissue volum...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000117191.10766.95

    authors: Woerdeman LA,Hage JJ,Thio EA,Zoetmulder FA,Rutgers EJ

    更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • Toxic shock syndrome after chemical face peel.

    abstract::Two cases of toxic shock syndrome following chemical face peel are reported. Toxic shock syndrome is a severe toxin-mediated multisystem disease. The major signs are fever, rash, desquamation, and hypotension. It can occur in males as well as females and is not necessarily related to menstruation. The surgical wound d...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-198707000-00020

    authors: LoVerme WE,Drapkin MS,Courtiss EH,Wilson RM

    更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00

  • Anatomical localization of the umbilicus: an Indian study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The umbilicus is essential to the aesthetic appearance of the abdomen. However, very little has been written about the exact location of the aesthetically pleasing umbilicus as far as the Indian cosmopolitan population is concerned. Although a variety of reconstructive methods are available, no real standard...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000204793.70787.42

    authors: Abhyankar SV,Rajguru AG,Patil PA

    更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00

  • The Role of Muscle Stem Cells in Regeneration and Recovery after Denervation: A Review.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Skeletal muscle denervation is a complex clinical problem that still lacks a comprehensive solution. Previous studies have suggested that prolonged periods of denervation lead to a decline in the muscle stem cell population, negatively affecting the ability of muscle to regenerate following reinnervation. Re...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000005370

    authors: Wong A,Pomerantz JH

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Transiliac and retroperitoneal approach for coverage of sacrogluteal defects with inferiorly based rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps.

    abstract::An inferiorly based rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap is transferred to the sacrogluteal region through a transiliac approach. This technique is a simple and safe alternative to obtain a short pathway from the anterior abdomen to the sacral area. ...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-199212000-00028

    authors: Hayashi A,Maruyama Y

    更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00

  • Teaching plastic surgery from different perspectives.

    abstract::Just as everyone has a different learning style, teachers too approach the task from different perspectives. There are five basic teaching perspectives or styles: transmission, apprenticeship, developmental, nurturing, and social justice. The acronym BIAS is useful to describe the beliefs, intentions, assessments, and...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e318252f182

    authors: Cable C,Chong T,Pratt DD

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Rule of thumb criteria for tongue-lip adhesion in Pierre Robin anomalad.

    abstract::Rule of thumb criteria for tongue-lip adhesion in the Pierre Robin anomalad have been formulated on the basis of a review of 38 cases. Babies with this anomalad who do not show a progressive gain in strength and weight after 7 days of nonoperative intensive care or who cannot be successfully extubated after 3 days sho...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-198208000-00017

    authors: Parsons RW,Smith DJ

    更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00

  • Dexmedetomidine in aesthetic facial surgery: improving anesthetic safety and efficacy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Dexmedetomidine is an alpha2-agonist anesthetic with several properties that are advantageous in aesthetic facial surgery. By attenuating sympathetic nervous system activity, it induces sedation and analgesia while lowering blood pressure and preventing pain-induced hemodynamic fluctuations. It spares the re...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000293867.05857.90

    authors: Taghinia AH,Shapiro FE,Slavin SA

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Lipofilling of the Breast Does Not Increase the Risk of Recurrence of Breast Cancer: A Matched Controlled Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although many plastic surgeons perform autologous fat grafting (lipofilling) for breast reconstruction after oncologic surgery, it has not been established whether postoncologic lipofilling increases the risk of breast cancer recurrence. The authors assessed the risk of locoregional and systemic recurrence i...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000475741.32563.50

    authors: Kronowitz SJ,Mandujano CC,Liu J,Kuerer HM,Smith B,Garvey P,Jagsi R,Hsu L,Hanson S,Valero V

    更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00

  • Vascularized bone grafts to the upper extremities.

    abstract::From 1979 to 1995 in our clinic, vascularized bone grafting was performed in 29 patients with large bone defects, established nonunion, congenital pseudoarthrosis, or avascular necrosis in the upper extremity. Four patients had traumatic bone defects, six had posttraumatic nonunions, two had congenital pseudoarthroses...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/00006534-199803000-00022

    authors: Yajima H,Tamai S,Ono H,Kizaki K

    更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00

  • Implant Porosity and the Foreign Body Response.

    abstract::The biocompatibility of prosthetic mesh is dependent on a number of physicochemical properties that ultimately incite an optimal foreign body response. The magnitude and character of the foreign body response directly affect the clinical success of the hernia repair, with too little scar resulting in bulge or hernia r...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003930

    authors: Jordan SW,Fligor JE,Janes LE,Dumanian GA

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Refinements in nasal reconstruction: the cross-paramedian forehead flap.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Nasal reconstruction can be a challenge for the plastic surgeon. The forehead flap is the workhorse in nasal reconstruction, providing similar skin color, texture, structure, and reliability. There are disadvantages of the forehead flap, including a difficult arc of rotation, which risks displacement of medi...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181954036

    authors: Angobaldo J,Marks M

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer based on type of free flap reconstruction.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Adjuvant radiation therapy for locally advanced breast cancer decreases local recurrence and improves survival. Immediate autologous breast reconstruction before postmastectomy irradiation is highly controversial. However, it is presently unknown whether there exist differences in the durability of various a...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182729d33

    authors: Chang EI,Liu TS,Festekjian JH,Da Lio AL,Crisera CA

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Why Videos Matter So Much in Plastic Surgery Today: A Complete Index of Videos in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open.

    abstract::The main purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an easily searchable online index of the first 1976 videos published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open to facilitate access to readers. The authors also describe the history and evolution of video arti...

    journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000004257

    authors: Boehm KS,Rohrich RJ,Lalonde DH

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00