Abstract:
:We have studied the population dynamics in response to selective drug pressure of mixtures of wild-type and mutant HIV viruses exposed to either an inhibitor of the viral protease or a nonnucleoside allosteric inhibitor of the viral reverse transcriptase. In order to quantitate mutant virus present in a mixed population, we developed a selective plaque assay, which appears to be generally applicable to population dynamics studies where the viruses in question differ in the sensitivity to a given drug by at least 10-fold. In this assay system, the titer of virus in a mixture is measured in the absence and presence of a concentration of a specific inhibitor known to suppress virus replication by 99%. Virus detected in the presence of inhibitor corresponds to mutant virus, whereas detection in the absence of drug results in quantitation of the total virion population. Wild-type virus is then estimated by difference. Utilizing this system we studied the fate of mixtures of wild-type and the protease-resistant mutant variant I84V in the presence and absence of the cyclic urea HIV protease inhibitor, DMP 450. We also examined the dynamics of mixtures of wild-type and the resistant mutant variant, L100I, in the presence and absence of the drug DMP 266. In both systems we demonstrated that in the absence of drug, mutant virus is at a selective disadvantage for growth compared to wild-type, whereas in the presence of a specific inhibitor, mutant virus exhibits the selective growth advantage over wild-type virus. Better understanding of HIV population dynamics may allow the development of superior inhibitors and the careful application of combination therapy in the clinical setting.
journal_name
Virologyjournal_title
Virologyauthors
Rayner MM,Cordova B,Jackson DAdoi
10.1006/viro.1997.8620subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-15 00:00:00pages
85-94issue
1eissn
0042-6822issn
1096-0341pii
S0042-6822(97)98620-7journal_volume
236pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VIROLOGY文献大全abstract::The gene encoding the VP8* trypsin-cleavage product of the VP4 protein of porcine rotavirus strain A34 was sequenced, and the predicted amino acid (aa) sequence was compared to the homologous region of all known P genotypes. The aa sequence of the VP8* of strain A34 shared low identity, ranging from 39% (bovine strain...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00534-8
更新日期:2003-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Computational analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) RNA sequences indicated that common FIV strains contain a rev response element (RRE) defined by a long unbranched hairpin with 6 stem-loop sub-domains, termed stem-loop A (SLA). To examine the role of the RNA secondary structure of the RRE, mutational analy...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2010.04.009
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) has oncogenic properties and is highly expressed during malignancies. We recently documented that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection induces uch-l1 expression. Here we show that Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection induced UCH-L1 expression, via cooperatio...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2013.10.018
更新日期:2014-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that the binding of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) to Jurkat T cells expressing CD4 receptor strongly induces mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and only weakly induces p38 MAP kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Simi...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9466
更新日期:1998-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mapping of the 5' ends of virion-derived hepatitis B virus DNA molecules was carried out after cloning and sequencing linearized genomes made fully double stranded. Of five clones obtained, three of four minus strand termini mapped to the G in position 1826 and one to the T in position 1827. Plus strand 5' ends were m...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(92)90765-h
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 infection leads to impaired antigen-specific T cell proliferation, increased susceptibility of T cells to apoptosis, progressive impairment of T-helper 1 (Th1) responses, and altered maturation of HIV-1-specific memory cells. We have identified similar impairments in HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats. Tg rats developed...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2003.12.010
更新日期:2004-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the SV40 large T-antigen allows primary cells to escape senescence and thereby become immortalized. Immortalization occurs in two steps, extension of life span and acquisition of unlimited cell division potential. By following the increase in expression of a senescence-associated marker with increased ce...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9056
更新日期:1998-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The genome of peanut clump pecluvirus (PCV) consists of two messenger RNA components which contain, respectively, three and five open reading frames (ORFs). Inoculation of transcripts from full-length cDNA clones derived from the PCV RNAs showed that RNA-1 is able to replicate in the absence of RNA-2 in protoplasts, b...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1998.9287
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an economically important cause of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in weanling piglets. Current commercial vaccines against PCV2 are highly effective. Yet, a recurring emergence of new genotypes in vaccinated herds necessitates a better understanding of protective...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.11.008
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cells that express the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 oncoprotein are predisposed to undergo apoptosis. Transgenic mice that have E7 expression targeted to either the retinal photoreceptor cells or the lens cells exhibit signs of apoptosis in cells attempting to undergo differentiation. We established a cell cu...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8851
更新日期:1997-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a confirmed risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) possesses tumor suppression function that is frequently defective in HCC tumors. PTEN-Long, a translation isoform of PTEN, functions in a cell non-autonomous m...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2017.08.002
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During abortive infection of Go/G1-arrested primary baby mouse kidney (BMK) cell cultures with simian virus 40 (SV40), expression of the viral large T antigen is followed by a mitotic host response including the stimulation of host macromolecular synthesis and induction into the cell cycle of Go/G1-arrested cells. We ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(85)90130-8
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a causative agent of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). PED, characterized by acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, has caused serious economic losses in pig industry worldwide. Here, we demonstrate that activation of a disintergrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) induced the d...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2018.02.001
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deletion of the nef gene results in viral attenuation and confers protection against challenge with wild-type simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques. Regarding HIV-1 infection, a few long-term nonprogressors (LTNP) with nef deletions have been described. In this study, the nef genes of a group of seven LTNP and eig...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1999.9783
更新日期:1999-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::A cDNA was constructed to encode an internally-truncated version of negative-sense genomic RNA (vRNA) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) containing (in 3' to 5' order) the 3' vRNA leader region, the complement of the open reading frame for bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) under the control of RSV g...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1993.1368
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of oxygen tension level is a well-known phenomenon that has been studied in oncology and radiotherapy since about 60 years. Oxygen tension may inhibit or stimulate propagation of viruses in vitro as well as in vivo. In turn modulating oxygen metabolism may constitute a novel approach to treat viral infections...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2013.06.018
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::About 100 nucleotides of DNA sequence at the 5' noncoding region of the Choristoneura biennis entomopoxvirus spheroidin gene was chemically synthesized and inserted into a vaccinia expression vector, interrupting the vaccinia thymidine kinase gene. When the bacterial beta-galactosidase gene was introduced downstream o...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(91)90070-r
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of G serotype 3 equine rotavirus strain H-2 was determined. A predicted 776-amino-acid H-2 VP4 shows less than or equal to 85.3% identity to other rotavirus VP4 types sequenced to date and thus represents a new P serotype. A PCR-generated probe derived from a cDNA clone o...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1993.1152
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Nef protein of Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) associates with multiple T lymphocyte signaling proteins, including the T cell receptor (TCR) zeta chain. We demonstrate here that these interactions are conserved and highly specific. Nefs derived from genetically diverse strains of SIV (SIV(mac)239, SIV(smm)PBj,...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2002.1628
更新日期:2002-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) the gag gene encodes the precursor polyprotein Pr55Gag, which is cleaved by the viral protease to produce the major structural proteins. Recently, it has been shown that HIV and SIV gag RNAs contain internal ribosome entry sites (IR...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2006.10.003
更新日期:2007-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitivity of a library of rat cells transformed in vitro with viable recombinant adenoviruses to natural killer (NK) cells and allogeneic cytotoxic T cells has been studied and correlated with their oncogenic potential in syngeneic rats. All cell lines transformed with the sub370-12E1AB virus (containing E1A and E1B...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(85)90143-6
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses were recovered from HeLa S3 cells and African green monkey kidney (AGMK) cells transfected with an infectious cDNA clone of poliovirus vaccine Sabin 1 strain. The viruses recovered from the different DNA-transfected cells were tested for the biological characteristics of temperature sensitivity (rct marker), p...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(86)90100-5
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human embryo lung cells pretreated with a combination of human leukocyte interferon and acyclovir were infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and treated daily for 14 days with the same inhibitor combination. After removal of the inhibitors, the incubation temperature was maintained at either 37 or 40.5 degrees. I...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(83)90139-3
更新日期:1983-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The immediate-early transcripts of pseudorabies virus have been located in a region of the genome situated internally within the inverted repeat between map positions 0.99 and 0.95. A single immediate-early transcript (approximately 6 kb) can be detected both in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of infected, cyclo...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6822(83)90510-x
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The measles virus (MV) phosphoprotein (P) gene encodes three proteins, P, C, and V. The V protein is synthesized by pseudo-templated transcription, also designated as RNA editing: during P gene transcription one G residue is inserted at a defined position in about 50% of the mRNAs. To study the importance of sequence ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1996.8339
更新日期:1997-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular protein Cyclophilin A (Cyp A) is packaged into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles through a specific interaction with the capsid domain of the Gag polyprotein. Inhibition of Cyp A incorporation by mutagenesis or cyclosporin treatment severely affects infectivity of all HIV-1 M subtypes ...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1347
更新日期:2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The unordered N-termini of parvovirus capsid proteins (Nt) are translocated through a channel at the icosahedral five-fold axis to serve for virus traffick. Heterologous peptides were genetically inserted at the Nt of MVM to study their functional tolerance to manipulations. Insertion of a 5T4-single-chain antibody at...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.025
更新日期:2012-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of vesicular stomatitis virus requires two distinct RNA synthetic events: transcription of messenger RNA molecules and replication of the viral genome RNA. We report the use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against the viral phosphoprotein P in an attempt to assess the role of this protein in RN...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1996.0031
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor (COUP-TF) is an orphan nuclear receptor that represses transcription of many genes. In adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) transformed cells, a high level of binding activity of COUP-TF to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I enhancer correlates with the dow...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/viro.1999.0181
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Flock house virus (FHV) encodes a suppressor protein B2 to overcome antiviral RNA silencing during infection. Biochemical analyses have shown that a homodimer of B2 binds to double-stranded RNA to inhibit dicer-mediated cleavage of dsRNA and incorporation of small interfering RNAs into the RNA-induced silencing comple...
journal_title:Virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.023
更新日期:2012-10-25 00:00:00