Abstract：
BACKGROUND INFORMATION:Meningothelial cells (MECs) are the cellular components of the meninges protecting the brain and as such provide important barrier function for the central nervous system building the interface between neuronal tissue and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). MECs were previously shown to be involved in the clearance of waste products from the CSF and in maintaining the optic nerve microenvironment. In addition, MECs are involved in immunological processes in the brain by secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to various pathologically relevant stress conditions. RESULTS:In this study, we analysed the uptake of latex beads as well as bacteria by human MECs using flow cytometric analyses. We found that MECs are highly active phagocytes able of ingesting large amounts of latex beads, as well as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Phagocytic activity of MECs was sensitive to nocodazole and cytochalasin D treatment to a varying degree depending on particle composition. Interestingly, Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus are more readily taken up compared with Gram-negative Escherichia coli. In addition, pre-treatment of MECs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) enhanced S. aureus uptake, whereas PMA but not LPS was effective in enhancing E. coli uptake. CONCLUSIONS:Thus, MECs are highly active facultative phagocytes likely important for the maintenance of CSF homeostasis and host defence in the central nervous system especially against Gram-positive bacteria.
journal_name
Biol Celljournal_title
Biology of the cellauthors
Li J,Fang L,Killer HE,Flammer J,Meyer P,Neutzner Adoi
10.1111/boc.201300013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
304-15issue
7eissn
0248-4900issn
1768-322Xjournal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of Trypanosoma brucei brucei AnTat 1.1 was released by means of the procedure described by Baltz et al. ([1976], Ann. Immunol. [Inst. Pasteur] 127C, 761-774). The concanavalin-A chromatography yielded 3 VSG fractions according to the addition, in the elution buffer, of alpha-methyl-D...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(88)90072-x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:AQP10 (aquaporin 10) is a new member of water channels and two different transcripts have been reported. The difference between these transcripts is in the presence or the absence of an insertion of 475 nt, which leads to a translation frame shift resulting in a different termination of amino aci...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20040091
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian spermatozoa are endowed with a unique cytoskeleton which consists both of ubiquitous and specific proteins, some of them arising from gene haploid transcription. In the head, a dense perinuclear layer is made of basic proteins (calicin, cylicin, etc) associated with calmodulin and actin remnants. In the ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0248-4900(94)80001-4
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:In a previous study, we demonstrated that human neutrophils can develop membrane tubulovesicular extensions (TVEs) that are 160-250 nm in width and several micrometres long. These extensions, or cytonemes, are capable of establishing long-range contacts with other cells or bacteria. Cytonemes con...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/boc.201400063
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The identification of a source of stem cells able to regenerate skeletal muscle was the goal of numerous studies with the aim to develop new therapeutic approaches for genetic muscle diseases or muscle injuries. A series of studies have demonstrated that stem cells derived from various tissues ma...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20100112
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:Carcinoma of the oesophagus is the sixth leading cause of cancer death in the western world and is associated with a 5-year survival of less than 15%. Recent evidence suggests that stromal-epithelial interactions are fundamental in carcinogenesis. The advent of co-culture techniques permits the i...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20100071
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase activity was detected in the carotid labyrinth of amphibians by both biochemical and histochemical methods. The histochemical tests showed enzyme activity in surfaces of afferent and efferent nerve terminals in contact with type I cells, but none within the type I cells. Acetylcholinesterase activ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1985.tb00374.x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Background information. Transport of water and small neutral solutes across plasma membranes is facilitated by AQP (aquaporin) and aquaglyceroporin channels, which belong to the MIP (major intrinsic protein) family. So far, more than 800 MIP proteins have been identified on the basis of sequence homology, but only les...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20040125
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fetal calf serum and a serum substitute, Ultroser G, were compared for their effects on the growth curves, clonal growth and cell cycle progression of rabbit chondrocytes in primary culture and during at least three cell passages and included a screen for the maintenance of cartilage-like differentiation i.e. the pres...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1984.tb00309.x
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Image analysis was used to study the repair process of a circular mechanical lesion of confluent human endothelial cells in culture after irradiation (10 Gy) prior to wounding. Coverage of denuded areas 48 and 96 h after injury of endothelial cells was identical in control and irradiated cultures, although the labelin...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(90)90313-r
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diversity of microtubular networks was analyzed in quail oviduct and in Paramecium cells using conventional and confocal immunofluorescence as well as pre- and post-embedding EM immunocytochemistry with a variety of anti-tubulin antibodies. The 6-11B-1 monoclonal antibody, specific for the post-translational acety...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(91)90069-y
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the initial events required for the expression of cartilage-specific macromolecules in monolayer cultures is the reversion to the initial round shape of chondrocytes. Thus, considerable research efforts have focused on developing reliable procedures to maintain a round morphology of cultured chondrocytes. Our s...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(96)81303-7
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first step of polyamine uptake is the binding of polyamines to the cell membrane. In order to characterize the specificity of the putrescine binding sites at the surface of the glioblastoma cells (U251), we have carried out competition experiments between putrescine bound to latex microspheres and vizualized by sc...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(90)90369-e
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ciliated protozoan Paramecium harbours a particularly large diversity of microtubule networks, ranging from the elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and ext...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0248-4900(97)89840-1
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The centrosome of the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum displays a morphology markedly different from centriolar centrosomes or yeast spindle pole bodies, while fulfilling the same conserved functions in the organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Recent advances suggest that the Dictyostelium centrosome may ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0248-4900(99)80092-6
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of cellular DNA content has become an increasingly important clinical research tool for the measurement and identification of abnormal cell populations. Examination of cellular DNA content can provide information for use in cell cycle analysis in cancer studies. Most researchers would agr...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(93)90116-v
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now well established that malignant transformation of eucaryotic cells is concomitant with typical alterations of glycosylation and the expression pattern of endogenous lectins. In parallel, oncogene transfection studies revealed a correlation between the expression of some of these genes, the transformed state ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1993.tb00899.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The communication of calcium signals between cells is known to be operative between neurons where these signals integrate intimately with electrical and chemical signal communication at synapses. Recently, it has become clear that glial cells also exchange calcium signals between each other in cultures and in brain sl...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biolcel.2003.10.007
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The p126 protein is synthesized by P. falciparum between the 32nd and the 36th hour of the erythrocytic cycle, and is localized in the parasitophorous vacuole. It is processed when schizonts rupture and the major fragments (50, 47 and 18 kDa), which are released into culture supernatant, have been characterized using ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(88)90080-9
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porcine lutropin (pLH) and human choriogonadotropin (hCG) recognize the same hormonal receptor and elicit the same steroidogenic response in porcine Leydig cells in primary culture. We compared the variation in the number of occupied and free receptors present on the cell surface under short-term stimulation by the tw...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1987.tb00523.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The plasma membrane components of the parasitic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human invasive amebiasis, have been biochemically and immunologically characterized during the last decade. In addition, genes coding for certain surface proteins have been cloned. In spite of these advances, a unif...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1991.tb03015.x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I am pleased to contribute to this special issue of Biology of the Cell in honor of Yoshio Masui. Oocyte maturation remains a small enough and young enough field that the authors assembled for this issue can trace the entire development of the field over the last 30 years, beginning with the early demonstration by Mas...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cell) family comprises important regulators in immuno-responses and mouse embryonic development, including early cardiovascular and heart valve development. The mechanism involved, however, is not fully understood. Nkx2-5 (NK2 transcrip...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20080108
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toad bladder epithelial cells were homogenized and fractionated by Percoll density-gradient centrifugation. Binding of tritium-labeled vasopressin ([3H]AVP) was measured in surface membranes (SM), microsomes (M), and a 100,000 g (60-min) microsomal supernatant fraction (S). More than two-thirds of the total receptors ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several transformed cells have been demonstrated to secrete growth factors. We studied the effect of conditioned medium from neoplastic rat pleural mesothelial cells on normal and neoplastic mesothelial cell growth. The results showed that the concentrated conditioned medium stimulated neoplastic mesothelial cell grow...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(88)90025-1
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolation, characterization, and expression of a novel cDNA encoding a Trypanosoma cruzi polypeptide (TcAc2), homologous to various small stress proteins and glutathione S-transferases, are described. The deduced amino-acid sequence revealed two domains sharing 27% identity and an additional 27% similarity to each...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0248-4900(94)90011-6
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Integrins are transmembrane alphabeta heterodimer receptors that function as structural and functional bridges between the cytoskeleton and ECM (extracellular matrix) molecules. The RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartate tripeptide motif)-dependent integrin alpha8beta1 has been shown to be involved in various cell ...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20090060
更新日期：2009-09-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND INFORMATION:Death receptors (DRs) induce intracellular signalling upon engagement of their cognate ligands, leading to apoptosis, cell survival or pro-inflammatory responses. In mammals, DR signalling is mediated by the recruitment of several DD (death domain)-containing molecules, such as FADD (Fas-associat...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BC20050091
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gap junctions are widely expressed in the various cell types of the central nervous system. These specialized membrane intercellular junctions provide the morphological support for direct electrical and biochemical communication between adjacent cells. This intercellular coupling is controlled by neurotransmitters and...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0248-4900(02)00016-3
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study we report the occurrence of chaperonins, cpn10 and cpn60, in Chromatium vinosum and rat hepatocytes, using specific polyclonal antibodies in conjunction with the protein A-gold immunocytochemical technique. As demonstrated by quantitative evaluations, the immunolabeling for cpn10 and cpn60 in C vi...
journal_title：Biology of the cell
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1768-322x.1995.tb00943.x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
