Abstract:
:Subjects made smooth pursuit eye movements with a target moving horizontally at 15 deg/sec. At a specified location the target either: (1) suddenly vanished; or (2) jumped to the fovea with target retinal velocity and feedback becoming 0 (target stabilized at the fovea). In each type of trial, the subjects either: "looked" at the target, "pushed" the target, or "passively" gazed. When the target vanished, eye velocity decreased exponentially with a short time-constant (tau approximately 0.10 sec), regardless of whether the subjects were "looking," "pushing" or "passively" gazing. However, some subjects while "pushing" (using an imaginary target) did generate low velocity smooth movement (1-2.5 deg/sec) late in the offset. When the target was stabilized at the fovea, eye velocity also decreased, but with a relatively long time-constant (tau = 0.4-0.8 sec). The time-constant was the same with both "looking," and "pushing", but was shorter for some subjects with "passive" gazing (tau = 0.1-0.5 sec). These findings show that smooth pursuit offset is influenced by the presence of a target, but is relatively independent of attentional mode. All of the pursuit offset responses can be simulated using a model of the pursuit system with target velocity and position inputs, and an internal positive feedback loop enabled by target presence.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Pola J,Wyatt HJdoi
10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00058-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-01 00:00:00pages
2579-95issue
18eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(97)00058-8journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Rods, cones and melanopsin containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) operate in concert to regulate pupil diameter. The temporal properties of intrinsic ipRGC signalling are distinct to those of rods and cones, including longer latencies and sustained signalling after light offset. We exa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.001
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The factors potentially determining the dynamics of horizontal cell (HC) responses are: (1) the rate of transmitter release (including its transient component) and removal; (2) the voltage non-linearity of HC non-synaptic membrane combined with its capacitance; and (3) the dynamics of feedback from HCs to photorecepto...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00130-7
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adult golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), the optic nerve was bilaterally sectioned with one side grafted with the sciatic nerve to make a bridge to the ipsilateral superior colliculus. Shuttle-box avoidance was tested using light as the conditioned stimulus. Three of the five transplanted animals revealed stat...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90070-d
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The e-wave and a delayed-OFF increase in extracellular K+ concentration are both maximum in the distal half of the inner plexiform layer. These responses also have similar latency, time-course, intensity-dependence, surround properties, and sensitivity to tetrodotoxin. Current source-density analysis of the e-wave rev...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90136-8
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Experiment 1 we investigated the independent and combined effects of horizontal OKN of stationary edges and occlusion of the central retina. For a display 60 degrees wide moving at 30 degrees/sec a symmetrically placed pair of vertical nonoccluding bars suppressed OKN when near the center of the display but had no ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(86)90049-0
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foveal pathway visual function was assessed in 11 patients having tumours extending into the suprasellar region but without evidence of visual impairment as assessed by visual acuity and Bjerrum screen campimetry. Psychophysical and routine visual evoked potential (VEP) measurements were obtained from the eye ipsilate...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00306-9
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weber contrast, DeltaL/L, is a widely used contrast metric for aperiodic stimuli. Zele, Cao & Pokorny [Zele, A. J., Cao, D., & Pokorny, J. (2007). Threshold units: A correct metric for reaction time? Vision Research, 47, 608-611] found that neither Weber contrast nor its transform to detection-threshold units equates ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2008.12.010
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this work is to describe how the visual system groups surfaces of unequal lightness under complex patterns of illumination. We propose that the Gestalt principle of Grouping by Regularity explains this process better than the more often cited principle of Grouping by Similarity. In our first experiment ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2011.04.013
更新日期:2011-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Some results from a survey of 43 patients who had a monofocal intra-ocular-lens (IOL) in one eye and a concentric bifocal intra-ocular-lens in the fellow eye are reported. Twenty patients with 6/9 or better post-operative visual acuity in both eyes, participated in the main part of the study. Optical transfer function...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00447-1
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::How we attend to and search for objects in the real world is influenced by a host of low-level and higher-level factors whose interactions are poorly understood. The vast majority of studies approach this issue by experimentally controlling one or two factors in isolation, often under conditions with limited ecologica...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.11.011
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the human WERI-Rb1 cell line as a model system, we performed a genome-wide search for retinal target genes of thyroid hormone (TH) via expression microarray analysis followed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR verification. We identified 12 novel retinal targets of TH, including 10 up-regulated genes (OPN1MW, OPN1...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.04.023
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The visual cycle system in a primitive chordate, ascidian Ciona intestinalis, was studied by whole-mount in situ hybridization and by whole-mount immunohistochemistry. Three visual cycle proteins, Ciona homologue of RGR (Ci-opsin3), CRALBP (Ci-CRALBP), and BCO/RPE65 (Ci-BCO/RPE65) were widely distributed in the brain ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.012
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In natural settings, our eyes tend to track approaching objects. To estimate motion, the brain should thus take account of eye movements, perhaps using retinal cues (retinal slip of static objects) or extra-retinal signals (motor commands). Previous work suggests that extra-retinal ocular vergence signals do not suppo...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.02.014
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::What are the visual causes, rather than mere correlates, of attentional selection and how do they compare to each other during natural vision? To address these questions, we first strung together semantically unrelated dynamic scenes into MTV-style video clips, and performed eye tracking experiments with human observe...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.08.019
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four experiments are reported in which saccadic eye movements are examined when the eye moves to targets in peripheral vision which consist of two discrete stimuli. It is found that under a variety of conditions, the saccade amplitude is such that the saccade lands at an intermediate position between the stimuli. This...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(82)90040-2
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated global motion processing in a group of adult amblyopes using a method that allows us to factor out any influence of the known contrast sensitivity deficit. We show that there are independent global motion processing deficits in human amblyopia that are unrelated to the contrast sensitivity deficit, and...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00684-3
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scotopic background stimulation can elevate photopic increment thresholds by more than 2 log units. This cone-rod interaction is greatest on small backgrounds (less than 1 degree diameter), but is found consistently on large backgrounds as well. Interaction develops and disappears quickly as backgrounds are turned on ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(85)90201-9
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the progressive degeneration of retinal blood vessels and neurons. Inflammation is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of DR. During diabetes, metabolic disorder leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) both in the retina and elsewhere in the bod...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2017.04.013
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrast detection performance is known to be better for single component sinusoidal gratings than for sums of gratings at different orientations. A recent study Rovamo et al. (1994) (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 35, 2611-2619) showed that spatial integration is less effective for multiple orientati...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00233-7
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In preview search when an observer ignores an early appearing set of distractors, there can subsequently be impeded detection of new targets that share the colour of this preview. This "negative carry-over effect" has been attributed to an active inhibitory process targeted against the old items and inadvertently thei...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.02.007
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anchoring theory of lightness perception (Gilchrist et al., Psychological Review 106 (1999) 795-834) has been described as one of the most successful approaches to lightness perception. Yet, not only does the original proposal contain serious gaps and inconsistencies, later expressions of the theory, which was nev...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.04.010
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compare improvement through training in vernier acuity under different feedback conditions in order to clarify the role of feedback during learning of a perceptual task and to test different (neural network) models of perceptual learning. Improvement of performance is measured in 49 observers under feedback, no fee...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00043-6
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foley [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 (1994) 1710] has proposed an influential psychophysical model of masking in which mask components in a contrast gain pool are raised to an exponent before summation and divisive inhibition. We tested this summation rule in experiments in which contrast detection thresholds were measured fo...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00291-7
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The responses of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) to stimulation of their receptive field (RF) are modulated by stimuli in the RF surround. This modulation is suppressive when the stimuli in the RF and surround are of similar orientation, but less suppressive or facilitatory when they are cross-oriented. Similarl...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.08.018
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that binding coherent targets depends on the capacity of excited cortical cells to fire in synchrony at approximately 40 Hz. However, the origin of stimulus-related cortical oscillations is still not clear. We hypothesized that 40 Hz oscillations might propagate to the visual cortex from the late...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00311-8
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nominally steady-state accommodation response exhibits temporal variations which can be characterized by two dominant regions of activity; a low frequency component (LFC < 0.6 Hz) and a high frequency component (1.0 < or = HFC < or = 2.1 Hz). There is no consensus as to the relative contribution made by each of th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90007-j
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contour integration, increased difficulty in detection and shape discrimination of a chain of parallel elements (a ladder contour) compared to collinear elements (a snake contour) suggests more extensive processing of ladders than of snakes. In addition, conceptual similarities between ladders and textures - which ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.03.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional role of three putative neurotransmitter systems in the visual cortex is compared; the GABAergic inhibitory interneurons, the interneurones containing somatostatin and the cholinergic input originating from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM). Evidence is presented to support the role of GABAergic proce...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(85)90062-8
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his study of depth from monocular elements, Kaye (1978) [Kaye, M. (1978). Stereopsis without binocular correlation. Vision Research, 18(8), 1013-1022] reported that monocular stimuli, briefly presented to one eye in a stereoscopic display, generated reliable depth percepts. Here we replicate and extend Kaye's findi...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.04.022
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotopic cues, such as perceived distance, have little effect on accommodation unless blur has been reduced or eliminated. We investigated the effect of perceived distance on accommodation under binocular steady-state conditions, about which little is known. Blur was reduced but not eliminated by using a stimulus w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)00157-h
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00