Abstract：
:Twenty specialist marathon runners and 23 specialist ultra-marathon runners underwent maximal exercise testing to determine the relative value of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), peak treadmill running velocity, running velocity at the lactate turnpoint, VO2 at 16 km h-1, % VO2max at 16 km h-1, and running time in other races, for predicting performance in races of 10-90 km. Race time at 10 or 21.1 km was the best predictor of performance at 42.2 km in specialist marathon runners and at 42.2 and 90 km in specialist ultra-marathon runners (r = 0.91-0.97). Peak treadmill running velocity was the best laboratory-measured predictor of performance (r = -0.88(-)-0.94) at all distances in ultra-marathon specialists and at all distances except 42.2 km in marathon specialists. Other predictive variables were running velocity at the lactate turnpoint (r = -0.80(-)-0.92); % VO2max at 16 km h-1 (r = 0.76-0.90) and VO2max (r = 0.55(-)-0.86). Peak blood lactate concentrations (r = 0.68-0.71) and VO2 at 16 km h-1 (r = 0.10-0.61) were less good predictors. These data indicate: (i) that in groups of trained long distance runners, the physiological factors that determine success in races of 10-90 km are the same; thus there may not be variables that predict success uniquely in either 10 km, marathon or ultra-marathon runners, and (ii) that peak treadmill running velocity is at least as good a predictor of running performance as is the lactate turnpoint. Factors that determine the peak treadmill running velocity are not known but are not likely to be related to maximum rates of muscle oxygen utilization.
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
Noakes TD,Myburgh KH,Schall Rdoi
10.1080/02640419008732129subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-04-01 00:00:00pages
35-45issue
1eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xjournal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The literature related to Borg's ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scale has revealed inconsistencies about the strength of the relationship between ratings of perceived exertion and various physiological criterion measures, such as heart rate, blood lactate concentration, percent maximal oxygen uptake (%VO2max), ox...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1080/026404102320761787
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the effect of circadian rhythm on neuromuscular responses and kinematics related to physical tennis performance, after a standardised warm-up, 13 highly competitive male tennis players were tested twice for serve velocity/accuracy (SVA), countermovement vertical jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IS...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1258481
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the effects of lateral biases in visual attention ("pseudoneglect") have been examined in real-world settings, this phenomenon has yet to be considered within the realm of sporting performance. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pseudoneglect on putting errors in golf. Novice golfers (n = 30...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410903536467
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Comfort is important for running shoe prescription in athletes to enhance performance and potentially decrease injury risk. A three-stage process was used to develop a new running footwear comfort assessment tool (RUN-CAT): (i) a survey of 282 runners to identify meaningful items of comfort, (ii-a) field testing of 10...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1773613
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a two-study approach, we examined a methodology for objectively depicting team performance and form in a professional rugby union side. Study 1 developed standardized indicators to examine a team's performance in a single match relative to their previous matches over a domestic season via a performance report an...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410701815170
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rapid interceptive actions such as hitting a baseball, cricket ball or tennis ball, ball speed varies between trials, and players have to compensate the time lag by controlling the moment of movement onset and movement duration. Previous studies have found that these two variables can flexibly co-vary and are robus...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.946073
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and individual sports federations have established the need to develop evidence-based systems of classification for athletes with vision impairment (VI) that may differ depending on the visual demands of each sport. As a consequence, research has been conducted that led to ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1851923
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability and construct validity of the flywheel (FW)-squat test. Twenty male amateur team sports athletes (mean±SD: age 23±3 years) completed one familiarization session and two testing sessions including: FW-squat test with an inertial load of 0.061 kg.m2, sta...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1827530
更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative length of the second and fourth digits (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone. Low 2D:4D has been reported to correlate with high performance in sport in general. Here, for the first time, we examine the relationship between 2D:4D and performance in elite rugby players. The 44 players (28 ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2010.510143
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether heart rate (HR)-derived parameters are accurate performance predictors in endurance recreational runners. One hundred thirty recreational athletes completed an incremental running test (4´running + 1´rest). After each stage, we recorded HR, % of maximum HR (%HRmax), and blood lactate. We also a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1442185
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of training on the force-, velocity-, and displacement-time curves using principal component analysis (PCA) to examine the pre to post intervention changes. Thirty-four trained women basketball players were randomly divided into training and control groups. The tr...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1504602
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined if short-duration record power outputs can be predicted with the Anaerobic Power Reserve (APR) model in professional cyclists using a field-based approach. Additionally, we evaluated if modified model parameters could improve predictive ability of the model. Twelve professional cyclists (V̇O2max 75...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1522684
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decision-making is a central component of the in-game performance of Australian football umpires; however, current umpire training focuses largely on physiological development with decision-making skills development conducted via explicit lecture-style meetings with limited practice devoted to making actual decisions....
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1298827
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 100 ms ruling for false start disqualification at athletic competitions governed by the International Association of Athletics Federations has been in force since the early 1990s. Throughout this period, there have been marked changes to the rules that govern the disqualification of athletes from sprint events inc...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1201213
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to quantify the acute impact of soccer match officiating on selected physiological and physical performance measures. Twenty-four officials from the Spanish National 3rd Division participated in this study. External global positioning system and internal (heart rate) load data were collected ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1101646
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number and type of landings performed after blocking during volleyball matches has been related to the potential risk of ACL injury. The aim of the present study was to determine whether gender affects the frequency of specific blocking landing techniques with potential risk of ACL injury from the perspective of f...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1346817
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the relationship between multidimensional competitive state anxiety and cognitive (i.e. digit span) and motor (i.e. perceptuo-motor speed) subcomponents of performance in an experimental group of hockey players during the period leading up to an important hockey match, and also in a control group o...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418908729843
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the current study was twofold: (1) to validate the use of action sport cameras for quantifying focus of visual attention in sailing and (2) to apply this method to examine whether an external focus of attention is associated with better performance in upwind sailing. To test the validity of this novel quant...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1124135
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the first time we aimed to: (1) assess fat-free mass (FFM) and RMR in youth soccer players, (2) compare measured RMR to estimated RMR using previously published prediction equations, and (3) develop a novel population-specific prediction equation. In a cross-sectional design, 99 males from a Premier League academy...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1717286
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Process-oriented motor competence (MC) assessments evaluate how a movement is performed. Product-oriented assessments evaluate the outcome of a movement. Determining the concurrent validity of process and product assessments is important to address the predictive utility of motor competence for health. The current stu...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1183803
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined exercise affect during volume-load matched, high-velocity, low-load and low-velocity, high-load resistance exercise conditions in older adults. Ten older adults completed three sets of eight exercises on six separate occasions (three high-velocity, low-load and three low-velocity, high-load ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1405710
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a carbohydrate-rich meal on post-prandial metabolic responses and skeletal muscle glycogen concentration. After an overnight fast, eight male recreational/club endurance runners ingested a carbohydrate (CHO) meal (2.5 g CHO x kg(-1) body mass) and biopsies were...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410410001730007
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interceptive actions require individuals to time their movements with an external event. To meet the intense spatial-temporal demands needed for successful interception, a tight coupling and coordination between perceptual and motor processes is required. The control strategy that underlies successful performance is a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410903156449
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of pre-exercise sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on the slow component of oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics in seven professional road cyclists during intense exercise. One hour after ingesting either a placebo or NaHCO3 (0.3 g x kg body mass(-1)), each cyclist (age, 25 +/- 2 years; VO2max, 74....
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/0264041031000070949
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine oxygen consumption (VO(2)) during and after a single bout of low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement. Eleven healthy men performed the following three types of circuit resistance exercise on separate days: (1) low-intensity resistance exercise with slow movement: 5...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2011.616950
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relationships between skeletal maturation and fundamental motor skills and gross motor coordination were evaluated in 429 children (213 boys and 216 girls) 7-10 years. Skeletal age was assessed (Tanner-Whitehouse 2 method), and stature, body mass, motor coordination (Körperkoordinations Test für Kinder, KTK) and funda...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.977935
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The birth date distributions of elite male and female footballers in Australia, from junior youth (age 14 and upwards) to senior (professional) players, were examined. A statistically significant relative age effect was found among junior male players, reducing in effect with increasing age. An inter-year relative age...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.707329
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Constant-Intensity Endurance Training (CIET) improves peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2) similarly in adults; but in children this remains unclear, as does the influence of maturity. METHODS:Thirty-seven boys formed three groups: HIIT (football; n = 14; 14.3 ± 3.1 years)...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2019.1644890
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in the metabolic state of quadriceps femoris muscles using transverse relaxation time (T2), measured by muscle functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, after inactive or active recovery exercises with different intensities following high-intensity knee-extension ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2013.855803
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of bike type - the 26-inch-wheel bike (26" bike) and the 29-inch-wheel bike (29" bike) - on performance in elite mountain bikers. Ten Swiss National Team athletes (seven males, three females) completed six trials with individual start on a simulated cross-country cou...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1119294
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
