Abstract：
:The aim of the present study was to compare the peak vertical ground reaction force (V-GRF(peak)) and impulse of women performing water aerobic exercises at different intensities in aquatic and dry land environments. 15 young women performed 1 session in each environment consisting of 3 water aerobic exercises (stationary running, frontal kick and cross country skiing) performed at 3 cadences (first ventilatory threshold, second ventilatory threshold and maximum effort, as determined during exercise in water) in a randomized order. 2-way and 3-way repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the impulse and V-GRF(peak), respectively. Significantly lower values of V-GRF(peak) and impulse (p<0.001) were observed for the aquatic environment. Significant differences were observed among all cadences for V-GRF(peak) and impulse (p<0.001) in both environments except for the V-GRF(peak) between the cadences corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold and maximum effort in the aquatic environment. In addition, significantly lower V-GRF(peak) values in the aquatic environment were found for cross country skiing compared to the other exercises (p<0.001). Thus, water exercises are safe for people that need to minimize vertical ground reaction force; however, an important issue to be considered during water aerobics training is the exercise and intensity to be prescribed.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Alberton CL,Tartaruga MP,Pinto SS,Cadore EL,Antunes AH,Finatto P,Kruel LFdoi
10.1055/s-0032-1331757subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-01 00:00:00pages
881-7issue
10eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:To determine the effects of widely varying amounts of cushioning upon vertical force (VF) parameters, ten male subjects, (mean weight = 68.0 kg) ran at a speed of 4.5 m . s-1 (6 min/mile pace) and contacted a Kistler force platform. Two shoes were tested: a hard one and a softer shoe that had 50% more cushioning as me...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1026043
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diving response elicited by breath-holding (BH) and immersion mainly consists of bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, and peripheral vasoconstriction. These responses reduce oxygen consumption and thereby prolong the duration of the dive. They may also lead to cardiac arrhythmias or hypoxia, however, which in tu...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-821159
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Creatine supplementation has become a common practice among competition athletes participating in different sports over the last few years. The mechanism by which supplementary creatine could have potential ergogenic effects would be an increased muscle creatine and phosphocreatine concentration, leading to a higher r...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972670
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In young elite athletes the influence of a sensorimotor training (SMT = balance training) on strength, jump height and spinal reflex excitability was compared with adaptations induced by strength training (ST). Seventeen athletes were randomly assigned to either a SMT or a ST group. Before and after 6 weeks of trainin...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-964996
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated whether 4 weeks of daily supplementation with 500 or 1000 mg of Vitamin C and 500 or 1000 IU of Vitamin E could modify biochemical and ultrastructural indices of muscle damage following a 21 km run. Fifteen experienced male distance runners were divided into two groups (vitamin or placebo) and ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2002-19273
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied, on blood samples, the level of immunocompetence (concentration of immune cells, phagocytic process of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, proliferative response of lymphocytes to mitogens), the ascorbic acid content of such immunocompetent cells and the "stress hormone" status (cortisol, ACTH and beta-endo...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972900
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Participation in aerobic dance is associated with a number of lower extremity injuries, and abnormal joint loading seems to be a factor in these. However, information on joint loading is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetics of the lower extremity in step aerobic dance and to compare the d...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1311649
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated the biceps femoris (BF), rectus femoris (RF), and vastus lateralis (VL) activation and activation ratios of a variety of resistance training exercises characterized by knee extension, and determined if subject strength or gender affects these variables. The exercises evaluated included the leg ext...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1038785
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to determine the oxygen consumption, heart rate and plasma lactate responses at the fatigue threshold (FT) and estimate the length of time the FT could be maintained. Ten adult males (mean age +/- SD = 21.1 +/- 1.3 yrs) volunteered to perform a maximal treadmill test and FT test. ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024686
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to determine whether blood flow restriction (BFR) alters the characteristics of individual motor units during low-intensity (LI) exercise. Eight men (26.0±3.8 yrs) performed 5 sets of 15 knee extensions at 20% of one-repetition maximum (with and without BFR). Maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) wer...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0888-8816
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle contusions represent a major part of sports injuries. The suggested treatments are generally sufficient to support muscle healing, but require a relatively long period of time. Given that autologous blood products are safe treatments, we have used a technique which stimulates the release of certain growth facto...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-821303
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Volleyball players commonly complain of pain in the hypothenar area. Fatigue fracture of the pisiform bone is suggested as a cause of this sport incapacity. The diagnostic importance of oblique and axial X-ray views of the Wrist is demonstrated. Early treatment by immobilization for 6 weeks usually results in complete...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1026064
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term, high-intensity sprint training on the root mean squared (RMS) and median frequency (MF) derived from surface electromyography (EMG), as well as peak power, mean power, total work, and plasma lactate levels in trained cyclists when performed concur...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2004-819945
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limited data exist concerning exercise training-induced alterations in skeletal muscle oxidative and antioxidant enzyme activity in senescent animals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to examine the exercise training-induced changes in oxidative and antioxidant enzyme activity in skeletal muscle of...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021290
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:To define the respective roles of the periphery and central oxygen transport in the exercise limitation of heart transplanted patients (HTR), we compared 11 HTR (15.1 +/- 10.8 months after transplantation) to six age and weight matched normal controls (C), during an incremental exercise test (30 W/3 min step...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972847
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Throwing arm injuries are common and often related to the shoulder external and internal rotation. Quantitative assessment may provide new insights to physical assessment and options for treatment. After having signed IRB approved consents and filled out injury questionnaires, 96 baseball pitchers were examined on bot...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1295440
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a reduced ventilatory frequency (Vf) on blood gases and acid-base changes during three intensities of cycling exercise. VO2max and lactate threshold workload (LaT) of six subjects were assessed on a Monark ergometer. Experimental rides were performed 1) with no ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024657
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of aero style handlebars has gained popularity in triathlons and individual time trial events recently. The effect of using these handlebars has only been examined during short term exercise. It was the aim of this investigation to compare time to exhaustion and selected measures of ventilation, gas exchange a...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021013
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine long term changes in shoulder and elbow joints of former elite javelin throwers. Twenty-one elite javelin throwers were examined at an average of 19 years after the end of their high performance phase. Mean age at examination was 50 years. Functional assessment of both shoulders ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2001-13814
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oxygen uptake (VO2) attained during a constant speed 800-m pace trial on a treadmill is less than the maximal VO2 (VO2max) in male middle-distance runners with a high VO2max (i.e., > 65 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)). We therefore investigated whether the VO2 attained was influenced by the pacing strategy adopted. Eight...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-837468
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of the EMG threshold (EMG (Th)) in each of eight lower limb muscles (vastus lateralis [VL], vatus medialis [VM], rectus femoris [RF], semimembranosus [SM], biceps femoris [BF], gastrocnemius lateralis [GL] and medialis [GM], and tibialis anterior [TA]) during in...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-865787
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study aimed to verify possible associations between game-play running performance and outcomes derived from fitness (running) tests in female futsal players. Sixteen women professional elite futsal players from a 1st division league team (19.2±2 years-old, 4.3±2.1 years of experience) participated. Firstly, a grad...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1202-1496
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To understand the influence of gender on oxygen consumption of respiratory muscles (VO(2)resp), 32 healthy subjects participated in the study (16 males, 16 females). They were divided into four groups: young males, young females, older males and older females. We used a closed circuit device which allowed a continuous...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2003-43267
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared 35 prepubertal girls, 9 artistic gymnasts and 13 rhythmic gymnasts with 13 nonphysically active controls to study the effect of gymnastics on bone and muscle mass. Lean mass, bone mineral content and areal density were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical fitness was also assessed. Th...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2006-924397
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscular deficits in the hip abductors are presumed to be a major factor in the development of Iliotibial Band Syndrome in runners. No definite relationship between muscular weakness of the hip abductors and the development of Iliotibial Band Syndrome or different ratios between hip adduction to abduction have been re...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-989323
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the validity of 2 kinematic systems for estimating force and power during squat jumps. 12 weight-trained males each performed single repetition squat jumps with a 20-kg, 40-kg, 60-kg and 80-kg load on a Kistler portable force plate. A commercial linear position transducer (Gymaware [GYM]) and accel...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0030-1270487
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac damage has recently been implicated in the aetiology of "exercise induced cardiac dysfunction". The humoral markers of cardiac damage that have been utilised to date are not sufficiently cardio-specific to investigate this hypothesis. The aim of the present study was to examine cardiac function following prolo...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2002-35069
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uncoupling protein 3 is believed to be involved in total body energy expenditure, including the regulation of fat and glucose metabolism. These biochemical processes may distinguish top ultra-endurance triathletes from slower competitors. The aim of this study was to determine whether the uncoupling protein 3 gene is ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-815850
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physiological characteristics of japanese female classical ballet dancers were investigated in comparison with sedentary women of similar age (non-dancers). Subjects were 20 professional female ballet dancers with a mean age of 26.5 +/- 4.4 years (mean +/- SD) and 66 sedentary women with a mean age of 23.7 +/- 3.6 yea...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972815
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T-lymphocytes were determined by rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes in the peripheral blood obtained from 30 healthy aged subjects who were practicing Taichiquan (88 style) exercise and 30 age-matched normal aged who served as a control group. At rest the total number of T-lymphocytes and the number of active T...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
