Abstract：
:Visual and auditory rhyme judgment tasks were administered to adolescent dyslexics and normal readers while event-related brain potentials were recorded. Reading disabled subjects were split into two groups based on a median split of scores on a visual non-word decoding test. The better decoders were called Phonetics and the poorer decoders were referred to as Dysphonetics. Single syllable, real word stimuli were used, and both rhyming and non-rhyming targets had a 50% chance for matching orthography. In the visual paradigm the normal readers exhibited a left frontal CNV before targets, a large reduction in frontal N400 for matching orthography (orthographic priming), and a large reduction in parietal N400 for rhyming targets (phonological priming). Dysphonetics had an intact CNV and orthographic priming, but the group's phonological priming was very reduced. Phonetics showed both orthographic and phonological priming but had a marked reduction in their CNV. In the auditory task, controls showed a left parietal N400 priming effect for rhyming targets. Dysphonetics showed a similar bilateral effect. The Phonetics did not show a normal priming effect, but produced evidence for priming at a longer latency. Additionally, the Phonetic group responded more slowly than either of the other two groups, who responded with similar latencies. These results support the separation of the reading disabled into a group that has difficulty translating orthography into phonology, and a group that is slower functioning and has reduced capacity in preparing for a response.
journal_name
Brain Langjournal_title
Brain and languageauthors
McPherson WB,Ackerman PT,Holcomb PJ,Dykman RAdoi
10.1006/brln.1997.1893subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-01 00:00:00pages
163-85issue
2eissn
0093-934Xissn
1090-2155pii
S0093-934X(97)91893-9journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used experimentally to facilitate naming abilities in individuals with chronic post-stroke aphasia. However, little is known about how rTMS confers clinical improvement, hampering its therapeutic value. The present study investigated the characteri...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2019.02.005
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We are interested in the validation of a cognitive theory of human communication, grounded in a speech acts perspective. The theory we refer to is outlined, and a number of predictions are drawn from it. We report a series of protocols administered to 13 brain-injured subjects and to a comparable control group. The ta...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.1997.1812
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been known that lesions in the left inferior frontal gyrus (L. IFG) do not always cause Broca's aphasia, casting doubt upon the specificity of this region. We have previously devised a picture-sentence matching task for a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, and observed that both pars triangular...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2009.05.001
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used fMRI to examine patterns of brain activity associated with component processes of visual word recognition and their relationships to individual differences in reading skill. We manipulated both the judgments adults made on written stimuli and the characteristics of the stimuli. Phonological processing led to a...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2011.12.011
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:According to our clinical observations from various aspects of stroke patients, such as the total incidence of aphasia, the incidence of aphasia after left brain damage of the dextrals, the aphasia that occurs in patients without hemiplegia, and the types of aphasia, a much higher incidence of crossed aphasia is seen ...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(90)90144-6
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allen [Allen, M. D. (2005). The preservation of verb subcategory knowledge in a spoken language comprehension deficit. Brain and Language, 95, 255-264] presents evidence from a single patient, WBN, to motivate a theory of lexical processing and representation in which syntactic information may be encoded and retrieved...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2008.03.001
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Explicit associative-semantic processing of words and pictures activates a distributed set of brain areas that has been replicated across a wide range of studies. We applied graph analysis to examine the structure of this network. We determined how the left ventral occipitotemporal transition zone (vOT) was connected ...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2012.09.005
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During speech perception, listeners compensate for phonological rules of their language. For instance, English place assimilation causes green boat to be typically pronounced as greem boat; English listeners, however, perceptually compensate for this rule and retrieve the intended sound (n). Previous research using EE...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2015.06.009
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A speculative neuronal template, equivalent to canonical syllable forms and independent of segmental representations, is offered to help account for (1) the inviolate nature of phonotactic constraints in aphasic speech output, and (2) left hemisphere specialization for speech sound access and output. The model, which ...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(84)90087-7
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the relationship between naming and the integrity of physical and associative knowledge in a group of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and matched normal controls. All subjects named 48 line drawings and later generated verbal definitions in response to the names of a subset of the 48 item...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.1996.0077
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies on inflectional morphology in semantic dementia (SD) have focused on the contrast between the regular and the irregular English past-tense. These studies aimed to contrast the claims of single- and dual-mechanism theories. However, both theories can account for impaired production of irregular verbs observed i...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2016.02.002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Profiles of verbal learning and memory performance were compared for typically developing children and for four developmental disorders characterized by different patterns of language functioning: specific language impairment, early focal brain damage, Williams Syndrome, and Down Syndrome. A list-learning task was use...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00097-X
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compound nouns have multiple meanings in English. The purpose of this study was to explore when children know that compound nouns refer to two objects, one ideally interacting with the other (e.g., "fish shoes" are shoes with fish on them, not next to them). Thirty-five English-speaking three- and four-year-old childr...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00519-9
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cross-language speech perception experiments indicate that for many vowel contrasts, discrimination is easier when the same pair of vowels is presented in one direction compared to the reverse direction. According to one account, these directional asymmetries reflect a universal bias favoring "focal" vowels (i.e., vow...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Auditory speech comprehension is the result of neural computations that occur in a broad network that includes the temporal lobe auditory cortex and the left inferior frontal cortex. It remains unclear how representations in this network differentially contribute to speech comprehension. Here, we recorded high-density...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2018.01.007
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the association between aphasia severity and neurocognitive function, disease duration and temporoparietal atrophy in 21 individuals with the logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA). We found significant correlations between aphasia severity and degree of neuro...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2013.02.007
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study is twofold. First, to investigate the use of functional categories by two Greek agrammatic aphasics. Second, to discuss the implications of our findings for the characterization of the deficit in agrammatism. The functional categories under investigation were the following: definite and indefinit...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00541-2
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A group with right hemisphere dysfunction was compared to neurologically intact controls regarding the referential cohesion and logical coherence of narrative production. A somewhat varied sample of six stories was obtained with tasks of cartoon-elicited story-telling and auditory-oral retelling. We found deficits in ...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.1997.1741
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since Aristotle, people have believed that metaphors and similes express the same type of figurative meaning, despite the fact that they are expressed with different sentence patterns. In contrast, recent psycholinguistic models have suggested that metaphors and similes may promote different comprehension processes. I...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2012.03.006
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:College dyslexic students (DYS) were compared to chronological age (CA)-matched and to reading age (RA)-matched control groups on tasks assessing naming of words and nonwords, regular and irregular words, and the use of context in word identification. The DYS group had the slowest naming latency for words in all tasks...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(91)90144-p
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A within-subjects study of the affective characteristics of voice was carried out in patients undergoing a Wada Test (WT). All patients became densely aphasic after the left-sided WT and lost the ability to impart affect into speech after the right-sided WT. The affective changes in voice induced by the Wada test were...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(88)90058-2
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we tested the multiple-loci hypothesis of age-of-acquisition effects in both spoken and handwritten object naming using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and spatiotemporal segmentation analysis. Participants had to say aloud or write down picture names that varied on frequency trajectory (age-of-acquisition). Earl...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2014.04.006
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We reanalyzed the data in , considering individual patients' responses to different sentence types to be non-independent events. The analyses revealed effects of two of the three factors identified by Drai and Grodzinsky--constituent movement and passive mood. The result is inconsistent with the trace deletion hypothe...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2005.06.003
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study has two objectives: (1) to determine through the analysis of surface manifestations of anomia whether one or several anomic syndromes exist, (2) to identify the psycholinguistic process at fault in anomia with reference to M. F. Garrett's (1982, in A. Ellis (Ed.), Normality and pathology in cognitive functi...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(89)90026-6
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroimaging studies suggest greater involvement of the left parietal lobe in sign language compared to speech production. This stronger activation might be linked to the specific demands of sign encoding and proprioceptive monitoring. In Experiment 1 we investigate hemispheric lateralization during sign and speech ge...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2015.10.006
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have sentence comprehension difficulty, but it is unclear whether this is due to a deficit in grammatical processing or to an executive resource limitation. To assess grammatical processing in PD while minimizing task-related demands, PD patients and healthy control subjects perf...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.2001.2630
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes a treatment project, carried out with two anomic subjects, RBO and GMA failed to name pictures correctly as a consequence of damage to phonological lexical forms; their ability to process word meaning was unimpaired. Words that were consistently comprehended correctly, but produced incorrectly by ...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.1996.0008
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embodied theories assign experience a crucial role in shaping conceptual representations. Supporting evidence comes mostly from studies on concrete concepts, where e.g., motor expertise facilitated action concept processing. This study examined experience-dependent effects on abstract concept processing. We asked part...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bandl.2018.10.002
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aphasic and nonaphasic listeners' comprehension of main ideas and details within coherent and noncoherent narrative discourse was examined. Coherent paragraphs contained one topic to which all sentences in the paragraph related. Noncoherent paragraphs contained a change in topic with every third or fourth sentence. Ea...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0093-934x(84)90034-8
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid, automatic access to lexical/semantic knowledge is critical in supporting the tight temporal constraints of on-line sentence comprehension. Based on findings of "abnormal" lexical priming in nonfluent aphasics, the question of disrupted automatic lexical activation has been the focus of many recent efforts to un...
journal_title：Brain and language
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/brln.1997.1751
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
