Abstract:
:Ifosfamide is widely used in the treatment of pediatric solid tumors. Its main adverse effects are various forms of renal tubular and glomerular damage. Many risk factors have been proposed to play a role in the development and severity of nephrotoxicity in children receiving ifosfamide, among which are 1) patient's age, 2) cumulative ifosfamide dose, 3) concurrent administration of cis or carboplatinum, 4) unilateral nephrectomy, and 5) method of ifosfamide administration. However, presently there is no consensus regarding the weight of each one of them. Therefore, we critically reviewed the major studies that have evaluated the different risk factors in an attempt to determine the relative importance of each. Cumulative ifosfamide doses of >/=60 g/m appears to be the most consistent independent predictor for both the development and the severity of nephrotoxicity, whereas a younger age (<5 years of age) was associated primarily with the more severe and chronic forms of proximal tubulopathy. Comparable incidence and severity forms of proximal tubulopathy among children who had been treated with cis platinum in addition to ifosfamide and those who had not indicate that platinums probably potentiate ifosfamide-induced renal damage rather than act as a major independent risk factor. Finally, although unilateral nephrectomy has been proposed as a significant risk factor in different studies, the relatively small number of nephrectomized children in these cohorts limit the strength of this association. To reduce the frequency and severity of ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity, it appears that cumulative doses of 60 g/m should be considered carefully, especially in children <5 years of age.
journal_name
Pediatricsjournal_title
Pediatricsauthors
Loebstein R,Koren Gdoi
10.1542/peds.101.6.e8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
E8issue
6eissn
0031-4005issn
1098-4275journal_volume
101pub_type
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