Abstract:
AIMS:Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is an air pollutant that impedes neonatal development and induces adverse cardiorespiratory health effects, including tachycardia. Here, an animal model was developed that enabled characterization of (i) in vivo alterations in heart rate and (ii) altered activity in brainstem neurons that control heart rate after perinatal SO₂ exposure. METHODS AND RESULTS:Pregnant Sprague-Dawley dams and their pups were exposed to 5 parts per million SO₂ for 1 h daily throughout gestation and 6 days postnatal. Electrocardiograms were recorded from pups at 5 days postnatal to examine changes in basal and diving reflex-evoked changes in heart rate following perinatal SO₂ exposure. In vitro studies employed whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology to examine changes in neurotransmission to cardiac vagal neurons within the nucleus ambiguus upon SO₂ exposure using a preparation that maintains fictive inspiratory activity recorded from the hypoglossal rootlet. Perinatal SO₂ exposure increased heart rate and blunted the parasympathetic-mediated diving reflex-evoked changes in heart rate. Neither spontaneous nor inspiratory-related inhibitory GABAergic or glycinergic neurotransmission to cardiac vagal neurons was altered by SO₂ exposure. However, excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission was decreased by 51.2% upon SO₂ exposure. This diminished excitatory neurotransmission was tetrodotoxin-sensitive, indicating SO₂ exposure impaired the activity of preceding glutamatergic neurons that synapse upon cardiac vagal neurons. CONCLUSIONS:Diminished glutamatergic, but unaltered inhibitory neurotransmission to cardiac vagal neurons provides a mechanism for the observed SO₂-induced elevated heart rate via an impairment of brainstem cardioinhibitory parasympathetic activity to the heart.
journal_name
Cardiovasc Resjournal_title
Cardiovascular researchauthors
Woerman AL,Mendelowitz Ddoi
10.1093/cvr/cvt057subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
16-23issue
1eissn
0008-6363issn
1755-3245pii
cvt057journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:Hemodynamic stresses are considered to be important regulators of gene expression in vascular cells. In this study, we have investigated the role of shear stress on ACE expression in cultured rat vascular cells, and focused on the regulation of ACE expression in smooth muscle cells. METHODS:Rat aortic endoth...
journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(99)00269-2
更新日期:2000-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a gaseous signalling molecule, has been found to play important roles in postconditioning (PostC)-induced cardioprotection. Similar to nitric oxide (NO)-mediated protein S-nitrosylation (SNO), recent studies suggest that H2S could regulate protein function through another redox-based post-tr...
journal_title:Cardiovascular research
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
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doi:10.1093/cvr/cvq305
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(98)00119-9
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on an acute myocardial infarction of equipotent hypotensive doses of nitroglycerin and dipyridamole were studied using the thermographic technique in open-chest dogs. Nitroglycerin did not reduce the cool ischaemic area in any of the nine dogs studied. In six of the dogs, in which the ischaemic region coul...
journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/cvr/13.5.281
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(00)00210-8
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
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doi:10.1093/cvr/cvv204
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(99)00156-x
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
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更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(00)00123-1
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/cvr/27.5.801
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.03.029
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00314-3
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(02)00254-7
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/cvr/cvv096
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/cvr/12.11.675
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.03.027
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
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更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cardiovascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00106-5
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
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