Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Empagliflozin is a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in clinical development as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to investigate potential drug-drug interactions between empagliflozin and verapamil, ramipril, and digoxin in healthy volunteers. METHODS:The potential drug-drug interactions were evaluated in 3 separate trials. In the first study, 16 subjects were randomized to receive single-dose empagliflozin 25 mg alone or single-dose empagliflozin 25 mg with single-dose verapamil 120 mg. In the second study, 23 subjects were randomized to receive empagliflozin 25 mg once daily (QD) for 5 days, ramipril (2.5 mg on day 1 then 5 mg QD on days 2-5) for 5 days or empagliflozin 25 mg with ramipril (2.5 mg on day 1 then 5 mg QD on days 2-5) for 5 days. In the third study, 20 subjects were randomized to receive single-dose digoxin 0.5 mg alone or empagliflozin 25 mg QD for 8 days with single-dose digoxin 0.5 mg on day 5. RESULTS:Exposure of empagliflozin was not affected by coadministration with verapamil (AUC0-∞: geometric mean ratio [GMR], 102.95%; 90% CI, 98.87-107.20; Cmax: GMR, 92.39%; 90% CI, 85.38-99.97) or ramipril (AUC over a uniform dosing interval τ at steady state [AUCτ,ss]: GMR, 96.55%; 90% CI, 93.05-100.18; Cmax at steady state [Cmax,ss]: GMR, 104.47%; 90% CI 97.65-111.77). Empagliflozin had no clinically relevant effect on exposure of ramipril (AUCτ,ss: GMR, 108.14%; 90% CI 100.51-116.35; Cmax,ss: GMR, 103.61%; 90% CI, 89.73-119.64) or its active metabolite ramiprilat (AUCτ,ss: GMR, 98.67%; 90% CI, 96.00-101.42; Cmax,ss: GMR, 98.29%; 90% CI, 92.67-104.25). Coadministration of empagliflozin had no clinically meaningful effect on digoxin AUC0-∞ (GMR, 106.11%; 90% CI, 96.71-116.41); however, a slight increase in Cmax was observed that was not considered clinically relevant (GMR, 113.94%; 90% CI, 99.33-130.70). All treatments were well tolerated. There were no serious adverse events or adverse events leading to discontinuation in any of the studies. CONCLUSIONS:No dose adjustment of empagliflozin is required when coadministered with ramipril or verapamil, and no dose adjustment of digoxin or ramipril is required when coadministered with empagliflozin. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01306175 (digoxin), NCT01276301 (verapamil), and NCT01284621 (ramipril).
journal_name
Clin Therjournal_title
Clinical therapeuticsauthors
Macha S,Sennewald R,Rose P,Schoene K,Pinnetti S,Woerle HJ,Broedl UCdoi
10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.02.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
226-35issue
3eissn
0149-2918issn
1879-114Xpii
S0149-2918(13)00071-4journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::Phenytoin has a wide range of pharmacologic effects other than its anticonvulsant activity. It has been the subject of more than 8,000 published papers, which include clinical reports of its usefulness in approximately 100 diseases and symptoms. In the United States the only indications for use in the official labelin...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Olanzapine is a psychotropic agent that belongs to the thienobenzodiazepine class. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess the bioequivalence of 2 commercial 10-mg tablet formulations of olanzapine by statistical analysis of the pharmacokinetic parameters C(max), AUC from 0 to 72 hours after dosing (A...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.03.008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aspirin is a widely used NSAID that has been extensively studied in numerous conditions. Nonprescription analgesics, such as aspirin, are frequently used for a wide variety of common ailments, including conditions such as dental pain and tension-type headache. OBJECTIVE:We sought to compare the efficacy and...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.11.018
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insulin therapy may eventually be required to maintain glycemic control in many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Premixed insulin analogues offer relatively physiologic and predictable time-action profiles and are available in more convenient delivery systems with finer needles than in the past. They ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.07.003
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enoxacin 400 mg twice daily was given orally to 40 patients who had Salmonella typhi- or Salmonella paratyphi-positive blood or bone marrow cultures. One patient was switched to parenteral therapy within 48 hours of study enrollment, but the remaining 39 patients were given enoxacin for 10 to 14 days. All 39 patients ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This prospective, clinical economic study was done to determine the cost impact of oral compared with intravenous (i.v.) ganciclovir for the maintenance treatment of newly diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Efficacy and safety data were extracted from ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80036-1
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five hundred fourteen pregnant women at or near term with medically indicated inductions and unfavorable cervical induction features (Bishop score 0-4) were enrolled in an open-label randomized multicenter clinical trial to study the effect of endocervical administration of 0.5 mg of dinoprostone cervical gel as a pre...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Emergence agitation (EA) after emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia is a common phenomenon in children. The efficacy of prophylactic midazolam or clonidine in preventing EA is controversial. OBJECTIVE:We performed a meta-analysis of clinical trials of the 2 drugs to evaluate their ability to prevent EA in ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.08.016
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physiologic changes of aging may affect processes of drug absorption and distribution, in some cases necessitating age-dependent dose adjustment. OBJECTIVE:The possibility of age dependence in the pharmacokinetic behavior and tolerability of levormeloxifene was investigated in a single-center, open-label st...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80030-8
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lyme disease produces a diverse clinical picture that can include serious and potentially debilitating cardiac, neurologic, joint, and skin involvement. It is characterized in three stages--early localized (stage I), early disseminated (stage II), and late disseminated (stage III)--and medical management is highly dep...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(98)80081-7
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recombinant human growth hormone (GH) is used for the treatment of several conditions associated with growth retardation and metabolic dysfunction. These patients are typically diagnosed and treated from childhood, and treatment adherence in children might be problematic. To potentially improve treatment adh...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.12.014
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Antihypertensive drugs are prescribed to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for their cardioprotective and renoprotective effects. Nationally representative information on the use of antihypertensive drugs among CKD patients is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the utilization patterns of...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.11.011
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Chest pain is a common emergency department (ED) presentation that is often unexplained. Recent evidence suggests that disease of the microvessels (arterioles) as opposed to the coronary artery (conduit artery) could explain one third of these cases, particularly in women. Brachial artery reactivity (BAR) is a ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.12.010
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with imiglucerase is a well-established, effective treatment for Gaucher disease. However, there have been no published reports regarding the excretion of imiglucerase into human breast milk and its effects on the nursing infant. OBJECTIVE:This letter reports on the successf...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.11.008
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimal antibiotic therapy for patients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB) who have failed to respond to previous oral antimicrobial therapy is not known; however, newer macrolide and fluoroquinolone antibiotics may be appropriate. This multicenter, randomized, double-masked, double-d...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S0149-2918(99)80017-4
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In its clinical assessment of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific monoclonal antibody palivizumab, the IMpact-RSV Study Group demonstrated a reduction in hospitalizations for RSV-related lower respiratory tract infection in infants who received prophylaxis compared with infants who did not receive prophylax...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0149-2918(00)88326-5
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We undertook a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of administering intravenous dexamethasone (DEX) for relieving the nausea and dizziness accompanying vestibular neuritis (VN). METHODS:Between November 2013 and October 2014, 26 patients with VN were prospectively enrolled in this study. The patients were r...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.09.010
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Outside the experimental environment of clinical trials, the tolerability of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and the angiotensin II antagonist losartan has not been compared. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to estimate, in current clinical practice...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80021-7
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Glucose homeostasis is the result of a complex interaction of a spectrum of hormones, including insulin, glucagon, amylin, and the incretins. Incretins are released by enteroendocrine cells in the intestine in response to a meal. Incretin dysfunction, along with a number of other defects, has been implicated...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.04.015
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Varenicline was designed to relieve symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, including cigarette craving, and to block the reinforcing effects of continued nicotine use. The cost-effectiveness of varenicline in some countries has not been studied. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectivenes...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.07.002
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Flexibility in the recommended dosing time for a statin may improve patient compliance. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of morning and evening doses of controlled-release simvastatin in Korean adults with dyslipidemia. It was carried out as a requirement to obtain ...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.06.020
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper explores how one health care purchasing coalition in Minnesota, the Buyers Health Care Action Group (BHCAG), has taken an active role in restructuring its local health care market. BHCAG started with the belief that the consumer should be the motivating force in health care delivery. Unfortunately, providin...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with grade 2 or 3 hypertension may require high-dose combination therapy to achieve blood pressure (BP) targets in a timely manner. OBJECTIVES:This study compared the effectiveness and tolerability of a single-pill combination (SPC) of telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide 80/25 mg (T80/H25) with T80 mon...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.05.007
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many patients and physicians interpret episodic headache in the presence or absence of nasal symptoms as "sinus' headache, while ignoring the possible diagnosis of migraine. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of sumatriptan succinate 50-mg tablets in patients wit...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.01.012
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy creates a climate favorable to the growth of Candida albicans, and this yeast often is difficult to eradicate in pregnant women. Miconazole nitrate administered intravaginally has been found to achieve comparable therapeutic and mycological cure rates in both pregnant and nonpregnant women. A number of clini...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are distressing and frequent adverse effects (AEs) in women undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. Midazolam has been reported to be effective for preventing PONV in adults undergoing middle ear surgery and children undergoing strabismus surgery or tonsillectomy...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验,收录出版
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.08.005
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) has had a dramatic global impact. The worldwide consequences of this therapy are discussed in four categories: (1) adoption of ORT as the primary therapy for acute dehydrating diarrhea; (2) establishment of national ORT programs; (3) scientific knowledge gained from studies into intestin...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The information that is available when marketing authorizations are approved is limited. Pharmacovigilance has an important role during the postauthorization period, and alerts published by national authorities allow health care professionals to be informed about new data on safety profiles. This study therefor...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.07.015
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tiotropium bromide has a longer duration of action than ipratropium bromide; however, tiotropium bromide is a more expensive alternative treatment. At issue is whether tiotropium reduces the risk for hospital readmissions for COPD compared wit...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.10.007
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of nebulized arformoterol 15 microg/2 mL twice daily (ARF15 BID) and 30 microg/4 mL once daily (ARF30 QD) in subjects with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS:In this single-dose, multicenter, randomized, modifi...
journal_title:Clinical therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.08.012
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00