Abstract:
:Naturally derived microbial communities were developed in the laboratory under three nutrient regimes by manipulating phosphate and nitrate concentrations. Resulting communities differed in both functional and structural attributes. Low nutrient microcosms (0.05 mg N-NO3-/L + 0.01 mg P-PO4-3/L) showed the sharpest differences. Medium (0.5 mg N-NO3-/L + 0.1 mg P-PO4-3/L) and high (5.0 mg N-NO3-/L + 1.0 mg P-PO4-3/L) nutrient treatments differed in total algal biomass and algal community composition. After a 25-day acclimation period, a single dose of the herbicide diquat (3.5 mg/L) was added to test the response of the microbial communities to herbicide stress. Regardless of nutrient regime, diquat-dosed microcosms had decreased electron transport system activity (ETSA), an almost complete absence of cyanobacteria, and reduced gross photosynthesis (GP), respiration, and pH relative to undosed microcosms. Inorganic nutrients (PO4-3, NO3-) were released from the stressed algal communities, probably as a result of their altered metabolism. Alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), total microbial biomass (estimated as protein), algal biomass (estimated as chlorophyll), and relative abundance of green algal taxa proved highly insensitive to herbicide action. Nutrient treatments had a small influence on toxicant effects; the magnitude of the herbicide effects was comparable across nutrient levels. Only the capacity of recovery from the toxic stress was affected by trophic status. At the end of the study period, ETSA had recovered to control values in high nutrient microcosms but not in medium and low ones. Microcosm pH, and to a lesser extent GP, showed recovery under both high and medium nutrient treatments. Trophic status affected the diquat disappearance rate; the herbicide persisted longer in low nutrient microcosms than in high and medium nutrient ones. Differences in recovery capacity may stem from higher nutrient level microcosms reaching less toxic herbicide levels in a shorter period of time.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Pratt JR,Barreiro Rdoi
10.1007/s002449900395subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-10-01 00:00:00pages
404-11issue
3eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have studied distribution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)--a major environmental pollutant--between egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) membranes and water. The objectives were (1) to compare the membrane-water partition of the un-ionized (HA) and ionized (A) PCP, and (2) to establish similarities and differences between t...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00210732
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010094
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/BF01055540
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010200
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abstract::An enzyme which catalyzed the hydrolysis of crotoxyphos ((E)-1-phenylethyl 3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-butenoate) was isolated from nonsterile and radiation-sterilized Chehalis clay loam with 1.5M Tris (2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol) and partially purified with lead acetate treatment. Two soil-g equival...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01054868
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abstract::The polychaete Nereis virens occurs commonly in marine sediments, is widely distributed, and is a popular bait species, as well as a potential replacement for wild-caught fish in commercial fish feed preparations. It is being considered as a potential co-extractive species for culture in integrated multi-trophic aquac...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-017-0461-2
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abstract::Franz diffusion experiments with human skin combined with work-clothing fabric have shown that skin exposure to pesticides is reduced by the presence of traditional nonbarrier textiles. This study was undertaken to obtain further information about the reduction in exposure using traditional work-clothing fabrics that ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900359
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that destroy tumor and virally infected cells. Previous studies have shown that exposure of NK cells to tributyltin (TBT) greatly diminishes their ability to destroy tumor cells (lytic function) while activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) (p44/42, p38, and ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9520-7
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abstract::Heavy metals present in the soil get differently accumulated in organisms and show different rates of toxicity at different stages of the life cycle of any organism living there. To see whether such toxicants get accumulated during the embryonic development and/or change the normal developmental processes of organisms...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/pl00006613
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/s00244-003-0156-8
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abstract::Chironomid mouthpart deformities and aberrations of their polytenic chromosomes are sublethal responses to toxic stress. These endpoints have been used in several cases as bioindications for sediment pollution. In the present study we aimed to establish whether there was an association between mouthpart deformities an...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/s00244-001-0040-3
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abstract::The applicability of an in situ incubation method in monitoring the effects of metal mining on early life stages of fish was evaluated by investigating the impacts of a biomining technology utilizing mine on the mortality, growth, and yolk consumption of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) e...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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abstract::A total of 46 surface soil samples collected from the experimental area, buffer area, and core area of the Yellow River Delta Natural Reserve (YRDNR), China, and an adjacent area outside the reserve were analyzed for 23 PAHs including highly carcinogenic dibenzopyrene isomers. The total concentrations ranged from 87.2...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/s00244-014-0085-8
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203917
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-016-0285-5
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abstract::The Army is replacing traditional munitions with insensitive munitions (IM) resistant to accidental detonation. The aquatic toxicity of 1-methyl-3-nitroguanidine (MeNQ), which is being assessed for potential use in IM formulations, remains largely untested. The present study fills a number of critical data gaps for Me...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/s00244-014-0053-3
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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abstract::The herbicides atrazine and linuron, found in Wisconsin's groundwater, were tested alone and in combination, both in vivo and in vitro, to determine their individual and combined genotoxic effects. Human lymphocytes exposed in vitro to either 1 microgram/ml linuron or 0.001 microgram/ml atrazine showed little chromoso...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-013-9928-y
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abstract::Mercury (Hg) biomonitoring of pinnipeds increasingly utilizes nonlethally collected tissues such as hair and blood. The relationship between total Hg concentrations ([THg]) in these tissues is not well understood for marine mammals, but it can be important for interpretation of tissue concentrations with respect to ec...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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abstract::Urinary hippuric acid, phenol, and o-cresol, which are biomarkers for toluene, benzene, and phenol exposures, are usually present in a significant amount in urine collected from subjects who have not been occupationally exposed to the organic solvents. With the improvement of working environments, the urinary concentr...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::A liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of antibiotics in water was developed and applied to Brazilian surface waters. Amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefalexin (CEF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim w...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::The high use of pesticides in intensive rice farming in the Mekong Delta constitutes a potential hazard to the environment and to people's health. Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CPF) is a commonly used organophosphate (OP) insecticide, but information about its potential negative impacts on the aquatic environment in the Mekong ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-015-0182-3
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copper production in the Bor region (east Serbia) during the last 100 years has influenced the quality of soil, water, and air. This pollution has endangered not only the biotope but all living organisms, including humans. Contents of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) were analyzed in Betula sp. (birch) and Tillia sp. (li...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-013-9948-7
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abstract::We determined mercury and selenium in 43 eggs (eggshell, albumen, and yolk) which belong to different clutch sizes of Audouin's gull from the Chafarinas Islands. The results were compared with those obtained previously with the same species at the Ebro Delta. Both, the intra- and the interclutch sources of variability...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi:10.1007/s002440010087
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the increasingly growing global production of sewage sludge, evaluation of its applicability in agriculture and land restoration is essential. This study assessed the potential effects of composting process and fly ash amendment on soil-ameliorating properties of sewage sludge. The metal availability and phytotox...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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