Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:In cognitive theories of depression, processing biases are assumed to be partly responsible for the onset and maintenance of mood disorders. Despite a wealth of studies examining the relation between depression and individual biases (at the level of attention, interpretation, and memory), little is known about relationships between different biases. The purpose of the present study was to assess if attentional bias is causally related to memory bias. METHODS:71 participants were randomly assigned to a control (n = 37) or attentional training group (n = 34). The attentional manipulation was followed by an explicit, intentional memory task during which novel neutral, negative, and positive words were presented. RESULTS:It was found that individuals with elevated depression score trained to orient away from negative words did not display a memory bias for negative words (adjectives) whereas similar individuals displayed this memory bias in the control condition. LIMITATION:Generalization of the findings is limited because of the short study time frame and specific nature of the memory task. CONCLUSIONS:These results indicate that altering attentional bias can influence elaborative processing of emotional material and that this bias could be one of the causes of mood congruent memory in depression.
journal_name
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatryjournal_title
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatryauthors
Blaut A,Paulewicz B,Szastok M,Prochwicz K,Koster Edoi
10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.01.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
293-9issue
3eissn
0005-7916issn
1873-7943pii
S0005-7916(13)00011-6journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:The regulated-breathing method of Azrin and Nunn (1974) appears to be one of the most promising treatments of stuttering in adults. Their study, however, has some methodological limitations. In particular no operational definition of stuttering is provided, and all measures of stuttering are based on self-report. The ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(88)90005-5
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper presents a theoretical model suggesting that doubt and certainty are two extremes of a continuum. Different people can be located in different locations on this continuum, according to how much they tend to seek refutation vs. confirmation. In both ends of the continuum lay mental disorders, which can be se...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.08.005
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abstract：BACKGROUND:Intrusive reexperiencing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is commonly triggered by stimuli with perceptual similarity to those present during the trauma. Information processing theories suggest that perceptual processing during the trauma and enhanced perceptual priming contribute to the easy triggeri...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.10.001
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abstract：:Swallow induction has been used to shape swallowing behavior in dysphagic children and to accelerate swallowing in nondysphagic children with profound mental retardation who display primitive swallows. Swallow induction may be considered a type of prompt. This project coupled swallow induction with a modified delayed ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(94)00067-v
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abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The International Affective Picture System (IAPS) is a set of colour photographs depicting a wide range of subject matters. The pictures, which are widely used in research on emotions, are commonly described in terms of the dimensions of valence, arousal and dominance. Little is known, however...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.07.006
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although repetitive thought (e.g., worry) is generally assumed to be a risk factor for psychopathological disorders such as anxiety disorders, the repetitive thought processes occurring after a conditioning event have not yet received much theoretical attention. However, as repetitive thought ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.10.011
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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abstract：:An AB case design was used to examine the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) in treating driving phobia. After a one week baseline, the patient received three treatment sessions over a ten day period. Treatment included practice of four VR driving scenarios. Peak anxiety decreased within and across se...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7916(01)00009-x
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abstract：:A client with a shoplifting of 4 years' duration was treated by convert sensitization. To control for improvement attributable to demand characteristics alone, thought-stopping was utilized prior to the treatment period. Results indicated that the application of thought-stopping produced an increase in all dimensions ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
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abstract：:The study investigated the presence and characteristics of spontaneous imagery in women with bulimia nervosa (BN) and their links to childhood memories. Using a semi-structured interview, data was collected from three groups of female participants: BN participants (N=13), dieting (N=18) and non-dieting controls (N=20)...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.09.003
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.04.005
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:We argue that the stimuli used in traditional fear conditioning paradigms are too simple to model the learning and unlearning of complex fear memories. We therefore developed and tested an adapted fear conditioning paradigm, specifically designed for the study of complex associative memories. ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.11.007
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study explored the role of negative interpretations of grief reactions in emotional problems after bereavement, with 234 individuals who had been confronted with the death of a close relative. It was found that negative interpretations of grief reactions were highly associated with the degree to which these react...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2003.08.001
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One child was recruited for a study assessing the effectiveness of a device aimed at reducing excessive television viewing and increasing exercising. The device was comprised of a control box which attaches to the electrical cord of a television set, and two sensors which attached to the wheel and corresponding wheel ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7916(99)00013-0
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Situational in vivo exposure has been widely used in the treatment of agoraphobia. However, only a low to moderate proportion of individuals treated with this approach have shown a high level of therapeutic gain. The recent recognition of panic as central to the development and maintenance of a great many cases of ago...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(90)90009-a
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This case study describes a treatment developed for an obsessional patient for whom neither in vivo nor verbal exposure was effective in eliciting obsessional thinking. The treatment consisted of increasingly more strict temporal parameters the patient was to impose when obsessional thoughts spontaneously occurred. Th...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(87)90024-3
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotional expression is an essential function for daily life that can be severely affected in some psychological disorders. Laboratory-based procedures designed to measure prosodic expression from natural speech have shown early promise for measuring individual differences in emotional expression but have yet to produ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.11.008
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Body dysmorphic disorder is a severe disturbance in which the person is preoccupied with an imagined defect in appearance. It is unclear what causes and what maintains BDD, although it is assumed that patients are characterized by an increased self-focused attention. Since patients spend a lot of time examining their ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.10.001
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2004.08.003
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
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journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.05.003
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been proposed that worry in individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder may be reinforced by a positive effect of worry on decision making, as reflected by a steeper learning curve on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). We hypothesized that this apparent positive effect of worry is dependent on the IGT pa...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.08.001
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abstract：:The present study aimed to provide an empirical test of the proposal that catastrophic worry about the consequences of not sleeping is common among patients with primary insomnia and serves to maintain the sleep disturbance. It was predicted that relative to good sleepers, patients with primary insomnia would catastro...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7916(03)00003-x
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abstract：:This symposium acknowledges that the dispute between cognitively oriented and behavior analytically oriented behavior therapists is, in fact, a paradigm clash and that the essential disagreements are "pre-analytic" in nature and are not resolvable by data alone. ...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0005-7916(96)00044-4
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abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Studies of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and research in occupational therapy suggest a link between sensory hypersensitivity and excessive use of rituals. The present research constitutes an initial attempt to examine this potential link. METHODS:In Study 1, parents of 4-6-year old chi...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.09.008
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abstract：:Refusal skills training was extended to sexually active handicapped female adolescents who lacked an effective refusal strategy. Role-plays for assessment and training were developed using the who, what, when and where of situations which resulted in unwanted intercourse. Refusal skills were trained following the form...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(90)90018-g
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abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Previous studies show that individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) accord more importance than healthy controls (HC) to alternative conclusions, resulting in increased doubt regarding an initial conclusion. The goal of the present study was to replicate and extend this finding. M...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.11.002
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two approaches, (a) patient education and (b) compliance-contingent social reinforcement, were employed to improve compliance with fluid restrictions in a chronically noncompliant hemodialysis patient of borderline intellectual functioning. Results indicated that only social reinforcement led to improved compliance (i...
journal_title：Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0005-7916(93)90012-l
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