Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To explore the possibility that autism, catatonia and psychoses in children are different manifestations of a single underlying form of brain pathology - a kind of 'Iron Triangle' of symptomatology - rather than three separate illnesses. METHOD:Systematic evaluation of historical case literature on autism to determine if catatonic and psychotic symptoms accompanied the diagnosis, as is found in some challenging present-day cases. RESULTS:It is clear from the historical literature that by the 1920s all three diagnoses in the Iron Triangle - catatonia, autism and childhood schizophrenia - were being routinely applied to children and adolescents. Furthermore, it is apparent that children diagnosed with one of these conditions often qualified for the other two as well. Although conventional thinking today regards these diagnoses as separate entities, the presence of catatonia in a variety of conditions is being increasingly recognized, and there is also growing evidence of connections between childhood-onset psychoses and autism. CONCLUSION:Recognition of a mixed form of catatonia, autism and psychosis has important implications for both diagnosis and treatment. None of the separate diagnoses provides an accurate picture in these complex cases, and when given single diagnoses such as 'schizophrenia', the standard treatment options may prove markedly ineffective.
journal_name
Acta Psychiatr Scandjournal_title
Acta psychiatrica Scandinavicaauthors
Shorter E,Wachtel LEdoi
10.1111/acps.12082subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
21-33issue
1eissn
0001-690Xissn
1600-0447journal_volume
128pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine factors contributing to variance in functional outcome in first-episode psychosis (FEP) following 1 year of treatment. METHOD:Naturalistic 1-year follow-up of a FEP cohort (n = 200), from programs in four university centers in Ontario, Canada. Functional recovery was defined by 'Social and Occupat...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01346.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Despite comparable antipsychotic exposure, some patients experience involuntary movements yet others do not. Negative symptoms have been associated with tardive dyskinesia (TD), but it is not certain whether this is an association with primary negative symptoms or the effects of medications. The aim of the pr...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01751.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 1018 self-poisoned patients were treated during one year (1983) at the emergency room of Helsinki University Central Hospital for 1207 suicide attempts; 46% were left without psychiatric consultation. Women were consulted more frequently than men. Patients with previous psychiatric treatment were referred m...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb05520.x
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective was to assess the relationship between vulnerability to postpartum depression and perceptual defense evoked by tachistoscopic stimuli alluding to perinatal themes in pregnant women. Tachistoscopic stimuli have been shown to produce different thresholds of conscious identification according to their emoti...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01624.x
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-nine phobic patients from India were compared with 39 similarly diagnosed age and sex matched patients from the United Kingdom. The British sample contained significantly more patients with agoraphobia and social phobia compared to the Indian group. Sudden death and illness phobias were more frequent in the Ind...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb06259.x
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrospinal fluid levels of radioreceptor assayable insulin-like growth factors (RRA-IGFs) and immunoreactive somatomedin B (SMB) (RIA-B) were determined in apparently healthy individuals and in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD). The CSF levels of RIA-B and RRA-IGFs did not alter from the healthy con...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05193.x
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our analysis aimed at comparing the placebo effect sizes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of two widely prescribed antidepressants, namely duloxetine and venlafaxine, and at analysing a potential influence of the investigated drugs on the placebo response. METHOD:We conducted a comprehensive systemat...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/acps.12881
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study sample of 51 patients with acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD) (ICD-10) is presented. The findings suggest that, in hospital settings, ATPD is a non-frequent condition with onset in early adult life and most often associated with female sex, good premorbid social functioning and no or minor/moderate ...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09891.x
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the prevalence of dementia in two different time periods and two different studies. METHOD:Representative, random samples of the elderly (>65 years) in the Zaragoza Study or ZARADEMP-0 (n = 1080) completed the previous decade, and now in Wave I of the ZARADEMP Project or ZARADEMP-I (n = 3715) were...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01006.x
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An empirical classification of 203 adolescent suicide attempters (mean age 17.3) was achieved using multiple correspondence analysis. The characteristics upon which the classification is based concern sociodemographic as well as psychological variables. Two groups are identified: the first is predominantly characteriz...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03324.x
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial fluctuations have prevailed in both the rate and particular methods of suicide in the Federal Republic of Germany during the past 40 years. The current study examines the extent to which the availability, attraction and lethality of particular methods of suicide affect suicide rates. A close relationship e...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03474.x
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-five cases of stupor referred to a psychiatric teaching hospital over 15 years are reviewed. Ten cases presented with a depressive syndrome, four cases with catatonic phenomena and a further 10 cases with established organic aetiology; one case was considered to be psychogenic in origin. The overall mortality w...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01222.x
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the last decade, several studies have suggested that depression is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defenses. We tested the hypothesis that high levels of the antioxidant uric acid are associated with lower risk of hospitalization with depression and use of prescription a...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/acps.12793
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is less well studied than bipolar disorder in adults. This review addresses issues related to its underdiagnosis, precursors of bipolarity, comorbidity, natural course and treatment. METHOD:Literature from Medline and other searches, and earlier relevant articles ...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.102003162.x
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a case of priapism caused by the alpha adrenoreceptor blocking action of a butyrophenone. The problem was solved surgically performing a cavernousspongiosum fistula. ...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05086.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to test the hypothesis of "schizophrenic spectrum" disorders. The families of 60 process schizophrenics were systematically interviewed with structured interview forms, and evaluated for psychiatric illness according to strict diagnostic criteria. The interviewed persons were then separa...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1975.tb00001.x
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Survival analysis of suicide risk by sex and age after attempted suicide was studied in a cohort of 1573 suicide attempters referred to the psychiatric emergency room at the Karolinska Hospital from 1981 to 1988. The time course of suicide risk and the overall prognosis after attempted suicide and, in particular, the ...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09791.x
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Denmark about 11-12 per 100,000 population are diagnosed as schizophrenics for the first time each year. Less than half of these receive this diagnosis at first admission and therefore only 5-6 per 100,000 are included in the official schizophrenia incidence figures. In a cohort (n = 53), predictors for diagnosis o...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10275.x
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study a newly developed Self-rating Inventory for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is presented. The instrument consists of 47 items, reflecting DSM-III-R criteria, associated features and items corresponding to the disorder of extreme stress not otherwise specified. All items are phrased in a trauma-indep...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01574.x
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of the extent of homelessness among 1581 psychiatric patients in Copenhagen found that 342 patients (22%) in contact with the psychiatric services had serious housing problems. A total of 112 (7%) were long-stay patients without a home address, 134 (8%) were in an unstable housing situation and 96 (6%) were ac...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb10324.x
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) has satisfactory psychometric properties in patients with severe mental disorders and if their scores differ from those of patients with severe medical disorders. To investigate if the scores are related to medication adherence. METHOD:Two hundr...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01279.x
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Selective outcome reporting poses serious implications on our evidence base for best practice. The extent to which selective outcome reporting and trial registration occurs in the wider psychotherapy literature needs to be investigated. METHOD:Randomized controlled psychotherapy trials published between 2010...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/acps.12647
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a study of drug treatment of aggressive behavior to be reported separately, we have evaluated the double-blind procedure in a recently completed comparison of the efficacy of lithium carbonate versus placebo in modifying aggressive behavior in nonpsychotic incarcerated delinquents. We conclude that the side...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1976.tb00082.x
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A psychiatric study of 197 children living in villages outside Khartoum was made in 1964-1965. In 1983, 104 randomly chosen subjects were investigated again. All were interviewed by a psychiatrist and somatically examined. The overall psychiatric impairment was 14% (males, 18%; females, 8%) according to the psychiatri...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10300.x
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:About one-third of patients referred to services for people at high risk for psychosis may have already developed a first episode of psychosis (FEP). We compared clinical outcomes in FEP patients who presented to either high risk or conventional mental health services. METHOD:Retrospective study comparing du...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/acps.12480
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is 9 years since the mental health reform was passed by the Italian Parliament. The author presents a data-based evaluation of the effects of the Italian mental health reform. There are still many problems to be resolved: More than 30,000 inpatients are still in psychiatric hospitals and little is known of the fate...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05163.x
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the reliability of a brief instrument to assess coping with symptoms by patients with psychotic illness. METHOD:A semi-structured interview (MACS) was developed to assess the amounts of distress, control and coping in relation to psychotic symptoms. Two raters interviewed 23 symptomatic but stable...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00324.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Review of recent literature with emphasis on growth, development and epidemiology of eating disorders and diabetes reveals many common features of the conditions. Thus we hypothesize more concurrence than would occur by chance alone. At present epidemiological evidence is inconclusive, but prevalence of eating disorde...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb02819.x
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 103 schizophrenic patients we investigated the extent of practice needed in the use of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) to enable its reliability to be assessed. The agreement level of the 7 raters was analysed. Generally, the lowest mean agreement found was for the negative symptoms of the BPRS schizophre...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03343.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lithium is the primary treatment for manic-depressive illness. The mechanism of action of lithium and its endocrine effects remain unclear. Therefore, the hormone responses to sequential stimuli, namely arginine, TRH, and LHRH, were studied in eight patients with major depression before and during treatment with lithi...
journal_title:Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1986.tb02720.x
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00