Abstract:
:Patients suffering from anxiety disorders have been shown to infer danger on the basis of their anxiety responses "if I feel anxious, there must be danger." This tendency logically hampers the identification of false alarms and may thus act in a way to confirm the a priori threat value of the feared stimuli/situations. Since disgust is assumed to play a critical role in the persistence of contamination fears in OCD, the question rises whether individuals suffering from fear of contamination perhaps similarly infer danger on the basis of their disgust response: "If I feel disgusted, it must be contagious." Therefore, this study tested whether indeed disgust-based reasoning might be involved in fear of contamination. On the basis of the contamination fear subscale of the Padua Inventory (PI), we selected a group of participants scoring higher than the established clinical range (n=31, PI>13) and a group of participants low (n=27, PI<5) in contamination fear. Each participant was presented with a series of 2 times 4 types of scripts that systematically varied in the absence/presence of objective threat of contamination and the absence/presence of the actor's disgust response. Following each script, participants rated their perceived threat of contamination/illness. In line with the hypothesis that disgust-based reasoning might be involved in fear of contamination, specifically high contamination fearful individuals inferred risk of becoming ill on the basis of experienced disgust (in addition to objective threat), as was evidenced by a significant Group (high vs. low)×Threat (yes vs. no)×Disgust response (yes vs. no) interaction. This finding might not only help to explain the persistence of contamination fears, but also provides some fresh clues to improve currently available treatment options.
journal_name
Behav Res Therjournal_title
Behaviour research and therapyauthors
Verwoerd J,de Jong PJ,Wessel I,van Hout WJdoi
10.1016/j.brat.2012.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
122-7issue
3eissn
0005-7967issn
1873-622Xpii
S0005-7967(12)00176-3journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The present study investigated the hypothesis that the magnitude of negative interpretation bias displayed by those with depression is related to the degree of depression they experience. Seventy one depressed participants (scoring 14 and above on the Beck Depression Inventory II) completed tasks spanning three domain...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.05.007
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research findings on the specific relationships between beliefs and OCD symptoms have been inconsistent, yet the existing studies vary in their approach to measuring the highly heterogeneous symptoms of this disorder. The Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) is a new measure that allows for the assessment of ...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.05.027
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ideological and scientific struggle spanning decades has borne fruit with the development and documentation of psychological interventions for a variety of disorders and problems with proven efficacy. Termed variously 'empirically supported treatments' or 'evidence-based psychological practice' highly regarded scie...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00054-6
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Body Project is a dissonance-based selective eating disorder prevention program with a broad evidence-base. The study sought to determine if previous findings regarding participant moderators replicate in an effectiveness trial under more real-world conditions. This study also had the novel aim of examining facili...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.004
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the long-term outcomes of internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for children with anxiety disorders, and potential pre-treatment predictors of treatment outcome. METHOD:The sample included eighty-four children (8-12 years old) with anxiety disorders, from both a treatme...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.008
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined the effectiveness of a self-directed video-based format of the 1-2-3 Magic parenting program in reducing dysfunctional parenting and child problem behaviors. Eighty-four parents of children aged 2-10 were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 43) or the waitlist control gro...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.01.003
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study compared the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) on tinnitus impact in a randomised controlled trial. Sixty-four normal hearing subjects with tinnitus were randomised to one of the active treatments or a wait-list control (WLC). The ACT treatment consiste...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.001
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A confirmatory factor analysis of the factor structure of The Aggression Questionnaire created by Buss and Perry (1992) [Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452-459] was conducted to assess whether the scale's purported 4 factors emerged. The results generally supported the 4-factor model. However, the h...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7967(95)00038-y
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memories of negative emotional events persist more over time relative to memories for neutral information. Such persistence has been attributed to heightened encoding and consolidation processes. However, reactivation of the encoded information may also lead to reduced memory decay through rehearsal or a reconsolidati...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103752
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The cognitive theory of personality disorders hypothesizes that the emotional dysregulation and interpersonal problems in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are, at least partially, caused by dysfunctional cognitive schemas. These schemas lead to biased evaluation of environmental and int...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.003
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ost (2008) recently compared the methodological rigor of studies of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and traditional cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). He concluded that the ACT studies had more methodological deficiencies, and thus the treatment did not qualify as an "empirically supported treatment." Although ...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.07.020
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals vulnerable to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are hypothesized to have ambivalence about their self-worth, morality and lovability [Guidano, V., & Liotti, G. (1983). Cognitive processes and emotional disorders. New York: Guildford Press]. The purpose of this study was to examine whether self-ambivalenc...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.02.005
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite increasing attention to the phenomenon of deliberate self-harm (DSH), the literature currently lacks a unifying, evidence-based, theoretical framework within which to understand the factors that control this behavior. The purpose of the present paper is to outline such a framework-the Experiential Avoidance Mo...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.03.005
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this investigation was to examine the effectiveness of a graded exposure in vivo treatment with behavioural experiments as compared to usual graded activity in reducing pain-related fears, catastrophising and pain disability in chronic low back pain patients reporting substantial fear of movement/(re)injury...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00174-6
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying measures that reliably and validly assess clinical impairment has important implications for eating disorder (ED) diagnosis and treatment. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) in women at high risk for ED onset. Participants were 543 women (20.6...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.02.009
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated differences in the explicit and implicit attitudes towards food and physical activities between children with obesity (n=38) and a matched control group (n=38). The implicit attitude was assessed using the Extrinsic Affective Simon Task (EAST; J. Exp. Psychol. (50) (2003) 77), a modified versio...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.07.007
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether the effect of an extinction phase can be influenced retrospectively by information about the cause of the absence of the unconditioned stimulus (US) during that phase. Participants were subjected to a differential fear conditioning procedure, followed by an extinction procedure. Afterwards, half of...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.12.004
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last few decades has seen psychological theories of chronic pain dominated by behavioural concepts and particularly, by the operant model as described by Fordyce et al. (1968: Fordyce, W., Fowler, R., & DeLateur, B. (1968) An application of behavior modification technique to a problem of chronic pain. Behaviour Re...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00061-9
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitions have been known to play a central role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of speech anxiety. However, few instruments are currently available to assess cognitive contents associated with speech anxiety. This report describes three studies examining the psychometric characteristics of a revised E...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(03)00067-6
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the effects of repeated exposure of flight phobics to flights in virtual reality (VR). Flight phobics were randomly assigned either to complete one VR test flight followed by four VR exposure flights (VR group; N=15) in one lengthy session or to complete one VR test flight followed by a leng...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00076-0
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a growing interest on how mental imagery may be involved in the onset and maintenance of anxiety-related disorders. Here, we used an experimental design to investigate whether a key symptom across anxiety-related disorders, namely avoidance, can be induced via mental imagery. Healthy participants first learne...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103652
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Superior learning for fear-relevant stimuli is typically indicated in the laboratory by faster acquisition of fear responses, greater learned fear, and enhanced resistance to extinction. Three experiments investigated the speed, magnitude, and robustness of UK children's (6-10 years; N = 290; 122 boys, 168 girls) vica...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.05.002
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binge exposure with response-prevention of bingeing (ERP-B) was evaluated in 20 female Ss within an inpatient eating disorders unit over 9 sessions as an adjunct to standard milieu therapy. Subjects met DSM-III-R criteria for either bulimia nervosa (BN) (n = 13) or the bulimic subtype of anorexia nervosa (AN-B) (n = 7...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7967(95)00011-l
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally held that anxiety is characterized by an attentional bias for threatening information. In recent years there has been an important debate whether these biases reside at the level of attentional selection (threat detection) or attentional processing after threat detection (attentional disengagement). In...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.08.009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cognitive-behavioural theory of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) proposes that a key factor influencing obsessional behaviour is the way in which the intrusive cognitions are interpreted. The present paper reports an investigation of links between clinical symptoms (of anxiety, depression and obsessionality) an...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00071-6
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beck, Epstein, Harrison and Emery (unpublished manuscript, 1983) developed the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale (SAS) to assess personality constructs that were considered possible vulnerability factors to reactive depression. Principal components and factor analyses of an expanded 93-item version of the SAS were performed w...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00074-t
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This essay describes the current status of our conceptualization and assessment of catastrophic thoughts in panic disorder, an area that is more heterogeneous than may first appear. It is suggested that a heuristic approach would involve assessing both 'state' catastrophic cognitions (automatic thoughts) and the under...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0005-7967(95)00075-5
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently the UK Government announced an unprecedented, large-scale initiative for Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) for depression and anxiety disorders. Prior to this development, the Department of Health established two pilot projects that aimed to collect valuable information to inform the national...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.07.010
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parental history and experiential factors in the development of snake and spider phobia were studied. Phobic women (DSM-IV, n = 158) reported on family history of animal phobia and whether direct (being frightened by the phobic object) or indirect (seeing someone else being frightened by and/or being warned of the pho...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00076-9
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactivity and habituation patterns were examined in the offspring of anxious and non-anxious parents. Although no differences emerged for magnitude of response to either fear-relevant visual or auditory stimuli, offspring of anxious parents displayed significantly more electrodermal activity during resting baseline a...
journal_title:Behaviour research and therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.09.005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00