Abstract:
:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential receptors of the innate immune system and are first responders for protection against bacterial and viral pathogens. Recently, several TLRs have also been implicated in regulating cell death and survival in non-pathogen injuries such as stroke and oxidative stress. Investigating the role of TLRs during central nervous system damage is an important focus of research that may reveal new mechanisms underlying the cellular response to injury and survival. Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells form an epithelial layer underneath the neural retina that maintains the function of photoreceptors and are the primary cell type affected in the retinal disease age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Predicted loss of function polymorphisms in the TLR3 gene are associated with protection from AMD but the role of TLR3 in regulating RPE survival during AMD-like injury, such as high oxidative stress, is not known. Therefore the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of TLR3 signaling on RPE viability during oxidative stress. We demonstrated that TLR3 activation in the presence of oxidative stress injury significantly increased RPE cell viability, in contrast to TLR3 reducing cell viability in the absence of cellular injury. Furthermore, we show signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling as an essential mediator of TLR3-regulated protection of RPE cells. STAT3 signaling was increased by TLR3 activation and knockdown of STAT3 transcripts using siRNA abolished the protective effect of TLR3 during oxidative stress. Together, these results demonstrate a novel pro-survival role for TLR3 signaling within the RPE during injury. These findings support the concept that dysregulation of TLR3 activity may contribute to the development of AMD, suggesting that precise regulation of the TLR3 pathway during AMD-associated injury could be of therapeutic interest.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Patel AK,Hackam ASdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
122-31issue
2eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(12)00463-4journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Viral myocarditis (VMC) is an inflammation of the myocardium closely associated with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. Vγ1+γδT cells, one of early cardiac infiltrated innate population, were reported to protect CVB3 myocarditis while the precise mechanism not fully addressed. To explore cytokine profiles and kinetic...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.11.006
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anti-cytokeratin (CK) 8 monoclonal antibody (mab) TS1 has been shown to efficiently bind to CK8 expressed in carcinomas in vivo. The anti-idiotypic antibody of TS1, alphaTS1, can be used to regulate the tumor:non-tumor ratio of TS1 by clearing non-tumor binding TS1 from the circulation. If the interaction of TS1 t...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2006.08.001
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We discovered that some bovine antibodies are amongst the largest known to exist due to the presence of an exceptionally long CDR3H (≥49 amino acids) with multiple cysteines that provide a unique knob and stalk structure to the antigen binding site. The large CDR3H size, unlike mouse and human, provides a suitable pla...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.07.014
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as important regulators of all cellular processes, including immune function and cancer survival. These evolutionary preserved, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules mediate important functional effects primarily through post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. M...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.022
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of CD40 ligand on activated T cells to CD40 on resting B cells induces the expression of costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86). The induction of B7 molecules by CD40 ligand-CD40 interaction represents a critical step in rendering B cells competent for antigen presentation. The CBA/N mouse has...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(96)00005-3
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::SCID can be caused by various genetic mutations leading to distinctive phenotypes according to the presence of T, B and NK cells. Artemis is a gene encoded on chromosome 10p. The deficiency of this molecule causes an inability to repair DNA double strand breaks and is one of the causes of radiosensitive T-B-NK+ SCID. ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.004
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the properties of soluble guanylate cyclase activity in the human neutrophil. The enzyme showed complex regulation by metal ions. A 10-fold higher activity was observed in the presence of Mn2+ than Mg2+, while Ca2+ caused an increase in activity only in the presence of Mg2+ ion. Sodium nitroprusside (...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(85)90138-5
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulatory role of MEF2 (myocyte enhancer binding factor 2) proteins in nonmuscle tissues has not been well characterized. We examined the expression of MEF2 family members, namely, MEF2A, -B, -C, and -D, in the differentiation of HL60 promyeloid cells and observed the remarkable increase in the expressions of MEF...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00140-6
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous data suggested that constitutive expression of the transcription factor Bright (B cell regulator of immunoglobulin heavy chain transcription), normally tightly regulated during B cell differentiation, was associated with autoantibody production. Here we show that constitutive Bright expression results in skew...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.09.008
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we report a chemometric approach to Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis applied to a study of the binding of peptides to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I proteins. Peptides which possess the known primary anchor residue motif for HLA-B27 binding do not necessarily b...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(94)90042-6
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD9 is a glycoprotein of the transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) and is involved in various cellular processes. In this study, we describe the isolation of the full-length cDNA encoding for CD9 molecule (daCD9) of red stingray, Dasyatis akajei. This 1252 bp cDNA was isolated from leukocyte cDNA library and contains 68...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.10.005
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA vaccine based on the glycoprotein gene of Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus induces a non-specific anti-viral immune response and long-term specific immunity against IHNV. This study characterized gene expression responses associated with the early anti-viral response. Homozygous rainbow trout were injec...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.12.005
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that function in diverse biological processes. However, little is known about the precise role of microRNAs in the functioning of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Here, we investigated the potential role and mechanisms of the miR-143 -3p on proliferation and the extracell...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.004
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::alpha 2-Macroglobulin (alpha 2M) complexed with proteinases or modified by the action of amines has been shown to affect immune responses in vitro, though as yet the mechanisms are poorly understood. Supernates from rabbit lymphoid cells cultured in medium with normal rabbit serum and 35S-methionine (or 14C-leucine) w...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(89)90079-5
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits hyperimmunized with fluorescyl-conjugated KLH exhibited bound ligand associated with a high affinity circulating IgG anti-fluorescein population. After cessation of immunogen administration the liganded complexes were eventually spontaneously cleared from the circulation. Individual rabbits synthesized autolog...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(92)90105-7
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggregation of therapeutic proteins is a key factor in the generation of unwanted immunogenicity, and can result in reduced serum half-life, neutralization of function and adverse health effects. There is currently little information regarding how aggregates interact with B-cell receptors or cognate antibodies at the ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.020
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syngeneic polyclonal antibodies were elicited to an affinity labeled high affinity (2-3 X 10(10) M-1) anti-fluorescein murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody. Hyperimmune ascites fluid was tested for reactivity with homologous liganded, affinity labeled and non-liganded Fab fragments derived from the high affinity antibody....
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(88)90111-3
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system that participates in elimination of pathogens and altered host cells and comprises an essential link between the innate and adaptive immune system. Soluble and membrane-bound complement regulators protect cells and tissues from unintended comp...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.007
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The innate immune system is the first line of defense against infection and responses are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRRs also detect endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are released by damaged or dying cells. T...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.012
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ligation of the B cell Ag receptor (BCR) activates a protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) and CD45 protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase)-dependent signaling cascade that results in the activation of Ras. This pathway of Ras activation can operate independently of protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Activation of Ras may lead to...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00134-4
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptides representing the amino-terminal sequence of protamines HP1 (sequence 1-12) and HP2 (sequence 1-11), the two major nuclear proteins of human sperm, have been synthesized. Rabbits were immunized either with peptide conjugated with a carrier or with free peptide. The resulting antisera were examined for their ca...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90179-n
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-lymphocyte proliferative responses were determined with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), peritoneal exudate lymphocytes (PEL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) of guinea pigs immunized with horse cytochrome c (HCytc). The proliferative response of PBL activated by peptide 81-104 from animals immunized with HCytc w...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(88)90115-0
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The A/J murine hybridoma cell line 40-150 secretes antidigoxin antibodies with high affinity for digoxin. A first-order spontaneous mutant (40-150 A2.4) produces antibodies containing a mutation at heavy chain position 94 resulting in reduced affinity for digoxin. A second-order mutant (40-150 A2.4 P.10) derived from ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(92)90010-u
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously developed a number of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) that bind to protamine. One of these antibodies, Hup1N, binds to human protamine 1 but not to protamine 2. In contrast, Mab HupA binds both protamine 1 and protamine 2. The epitopes for these two Mabs were observed to overlap, and were localized to ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(93)90436-f
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Complement component C5-derived C5a locally generated in the brain has been shown to protect against glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis and beta-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity, but the mechanism is not clear. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that C5a influences upstream signal transduction pathways associate...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2013.06.016
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal human IgG1, Campath-1H, was digested with glycosidases to assess the effect of carbohydrate on the functional activities of an IgG1. Removal of the complete carbohydrate moiety abolished complement lysis activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, but left antigen binding activity and prot...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00118-2
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paradigm that B cells mainly play a central role in adaptive immunity may have to be reevaluated because B-1 lineage cells have been found to exhibit innate-like functions, such as phagocytic and bactericidal activities. Therefore, the evolutionary connection of B-1 lineage cells between innate and adaptive immuni...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.10.014
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specificities of the combining sites of 19 mouse monoclonal antibodies to dextran B1355S have been characterized immunochemically by quantitative precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays; association constants for B1355S were determined by affinity gel electrophoresis. Cross-reactive and individual idiotypes re...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(86)90139-2
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolactin has several immune functions in fish however, the effects on innate and specific components of rainbow trout immunity are currently unknown. Therefore in this study, prolactin peptide (pPRL) injection in rainbow trout generated anti-PRL antibodies that were confirmed through Western blot assays of fish brain...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.08.020
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human complement components C6 and C7 have been purified and characterized. Component C6 is a single-chain plasma protein of mol. wt 104,800 containing 3.8% carbohydrate and it has alanine as the amino terminal residue. Component C7 is a single-chain plasma protein of mol. wt 92,400 containing 6.4% carbohydrate and it...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(82)90189-4
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00