Abstract：
:In this review, we outline critical molecular processes that have been implicated by discovery of genetic mutations in autism. These mechanisms need to be mapped onto the neurodevelopment step(s) gone awry that may be associated with cause in autism. Molecular mechanisms include: (i) regulation of gene expression; (ii) pre-mRNA splicing; (iii) protein localization, translation, and turnover; (iv) synaptic transmission; (v) cell signaling; (vi) the functions of cytoskeletal and scaffolding proteins; and (vii) the function of neuronal cell adhesion molecules. While the molecular mechanisms appear broad, they may converge on only one of a few steps during neurodevelopment that perturbs the structure, function, and/or plasticity of neuronal circuitry. While there are many genetic mutations involved, novel treatments may need to target only one of few developmental mechanisms.
journal_name
Dialogues Clin Neuroscijournal_title
Dialogues in clinical neuroscienceauthors
Pescosolido MF,Yang U,Sabbagh M,Morrow EMsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-09-01 00:00:00pages
239-52issue
3eissn
1294-8322issn
1958-5969journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:It is timely to consider the ethical and social questions raised by progress in pharmacogenomics, based on the current importance of pharmacogenomics for avoidance of predictable side effects of drugs, and for correct choice of medications in certain cancers. It has been proposed that the entire population be genotype...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The construct of major depressive disorder makes no etiological assumptions about populations with diverse symptom clusters. "Depressed mood" and "loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities" are core features of major depressive episode, though a strong case can be made to pay increasing attention to sympto...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several structural deviances in the brain in "endogenous psychoses" have been described over the last decades. The enlargement of the lateral ventricles and the subtle structural deficits in temporobasal and orbital frontal structures (hypofrontality) are reasonably well established in the majority of schizophrenic pa...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impairment of cognitive function is the central feature of dementia. Although, clinically, the cognitive deficit most often manifests itself as memory problems, a number of other areas of cognition are affected, and memory is but one of the cognitive skills compromised in dementia. Dementia with Lewy bodies, for examp...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Similar to other complex disorders, the etiology of Alzheimer disease is multifactorial and characterized by an interplay of biological and environmental risk and protective factors. Potentially modifiable risk factors have emerged from epidemiological research and strategies to prevent neurodegeneration and dementia ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive symptoms are a core feature of schizophrenia and are related to an unfavorable disease outcome. So far, there are no satisfactory pharmacological approaches to address cognitive symptoms. For some time now, aerobic exercise has been demonstrated in various trials to be a promising candidate for this indicati...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.3/aschmitt
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients show a downregulation of GAD67, reelin (RELN), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and other genes expressed in telencephalic GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. This downregulation is associated with the enrichment of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcy...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have a largely unknown pathophysiology and etiology, but they are highly heritable. Although linkage and association studies have identified a series of chromosomal regions likely to contain susceptibility genes, progress in identifying causative genes has been largely disappointing....
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Partial remission from depression, with residual symptoms, is an important problem in depression. This paper reviews the frequency and features of this outcome, and its association with relapse. Residual symptoms occur in many depressed patients after acute treatment. They span the typical symptoms of depression, exce...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review critical trends in imaging genetics as applied to schizophrenia research, and then discuss some future directions of the field. A plethora of imaging genetics studies have investigated the impact of genetic variation on brain function, since the paradigm of a neuroimaging intermediate phenotype for schizophr...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caffeine is not considered addictive, and in animals it does not trigger metabolic increases or dopamine release in brain areas involved in reinforcement and reward. Our objective was to measure caffeine effects on cerebral perfusion in humans using single photon emission computed tomography with a specific focus on a...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotional processes are central to behavior, yet their deeply subjective nature has been a challenge for neuroscientific study as well as for psychiatric diagnosis. Here we explore the relationships between subjective feelings and their underlying brain circuits from a computational perspective. We apply recent insigh...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol dependence is a frequent, chronic, relapsing, and incurable disease with enormous societal costs. Thus, alcoholism therapy and research into its outcome are of major importance for public health. The present article will: (i) give a brief overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment outcomes of al...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is clinically important to recognize both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in patients seeking treatment for depression, and it is important to distinguish between the two. Research considering whether BPD should be considered part of a bipolar spectrum reaches differing conclusions. We re...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DESPITE THE IMPORTANCE OF NUMEROUS PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, AT ITS CORE, DRUG ADDICTION INVOLVES A BIOLOGICAL PROCESS: the ability of repeated exposure to a drug of abuse to induce changes in a vulnerable brain that drive the compulsive seeking and taking of drugs, and loss of control over drug use, that define a state o...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2003, we proposed the hypersystemizing theory of autism. The theory proposes that the human mind possesses a systemizing mechanism (SM) that helps identify lawful regularities (often causal) that govern the input-operation-output workings of a system. The SM can be tuned to different levels, from low to high, with ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition that there are fundamental biological sex differences that extend beyond those that define sexual behavior and reproductive function has inspired the drive toward inclusion of both sexes in research design. This is supported by an underlying clinical rationale that studying both sexes is necessary to e...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacogenomic developments hold promise for personalized medicine in psychiatry with adjusted therapeutic doses, predictable responses, reduced adverse drug reactions, early diagnosis, and personal health planning. The prospects are exciting, but at the same time, these new techniques stand faced with important scie...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frontoparietal network is critical for our ability to coordinate behavior in a rapid, accurate, and flexible goal-driven manner. In this review, we outline support for the framing of the frontoparietal network as a distinct control network, in part functioning to flexibly interact with and alter other functional b...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypersomnia, a complaint of excessive daytime sleep or sleepiness, affects 4% to 6% of the population, with an impact on the everyday life of the patient Methodological tools to explore sleep and wakefulness (interview, questionnaires, sleep diary, polysomnography, Multiple Sleep Latency Test, Maintenance of Wakefulne...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Illustrating the complexity of the stress response and its multifaceted manifestations is the leading idea of this overview of experimental paradigms used for stress induction in laboratory animals. The description of key features of models based on naturalistic stressors, pharmacological challenges, and genomic manip...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with cancer and depression experience more physical symptoms, have poorer quality of life, and are more likely to have suicidal thoughts or a desire for hastened death than are cancer patients who are not depressed. Despite the ubiquity of depressive symptoms in cancer patients at the end of life, critical qu...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decision making has been extensively studied in the context of economics and from a group perspective, but still little is known on individual decision making. Here we discuss the different cognitive processes involved in decision making and its associated neural substrates. The putative conductors in decision making ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies over the last decade have transformed our previously simplistic view of microbes, having only a pathogenic role in disease to a more robust understanding that they are critical for maintaining human health. Indeed, our microbiota-the collection of commensal organisms that live in and on each of us-contributes ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that psychotropic agents such as mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and antipsychotics realize their neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects by activating the mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase, PI3-kinase, and wingless/glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3 sign...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first generation of antipsychotic drugs was discovered in the 1960s and 1970s, These agents were effective in treating psychosis, but were accompanied by significant side effects, including severe parkinsonism and akathisia. Second-generation antipsychotics were introduced in the 1990s, These drugs have at least e...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has become increasingly clear that males and females differ even more dramatically than we previously thought. Not only do they exhibit differing responses to stress and environmental experience, but they can also respond in opposite directions. In rats, it has been shown that exposure to an acute stressful event c...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We carried out two studies to test the hypothesis that altered central serotonergic function, as assessed by lower prolactin (PRL) response to fenfluramine (D-FEN), is more closely associated with suicidal behavior than a particular psychiatric diagnosis. A D-FEN test was performed in 85 major depressed inpatients, 33...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mental disorders represent a significant public health burden worldwide due to their high prevalence, chronically disabling nature, and substantial impact on quality of life. Despite growing knowledge of the pathological mechanisms that underlie the development of these disorders, a high percentage of patients do not ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.3/pfadda
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the legitimacy of medical treatments is more and more questioned, one sees a paradoxical increase in nonconventional approaches, notably so in psychiatry. Over time, approaches that were considered valuable by the scientific community were found to be inefficacious, while other approaches, labelled as alternativ...
journal_title：Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
