Abstract：
:Schizophrenic patients were carefully diagnosed and screened for a history of neurological disorders. Diagnosis and subtyping was based on DSM-III-R criteria, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, which was administered by trained interviewers and confirmed by a research psychiatrist. The schizophrenic patients were compared with an age-matched control group on an extensive battery of neuropsychological measures. The undifferentiated/disorganized schizophrenic patients were consistently the most impaired on a broad range of tasks. When the effect of symptom severity and drug level were statistically controlled (analysis of covariance), however, the magnitude and number of differences were substantially reduced. The perseverative error score from the Wisconsin Card Sort Test showed the greatest difference between the groups. However, the strongest and most consistent effects were observed in relation to symptom ratings. These data indicate the importance of controlling for medication and symptom severity, and suggest that current diagnostic classifications may not be the most useful factors for studies of the cognitive correlates of schizophrenia.
journal_name
Psychiatry Resjournal_title
Psychiatry researchauthors
Bornstein RA,Nasrallah HA,Olson SC,Coffman JA,Torello M,Schwarzkopf SBdoi
10.1016/0165-1781(90)90104-dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
15-24issue
1eissn
0165-1781issn
1872-7123pii
0165-1781(90)90104-Djournal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The biological underpinnings of sex-related differences in decision-making are still under-explored. The COMT gene is related to sexual dimorphism and with different choices made under uncertainty, albeit no study has specifically investigated a moderation effect of sex on the association between the COMT gene and the...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.073
更新日期：2016-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:A great deal of variation in opinion and practice remains regarding the most efficient use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating depression. In this study we used an estimate of maximal improvement point to look at the rate of response to conventional ECT (one seizure per session, three times per week) in 66 ...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(84)90065-9
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive insight in schizophrenia encompasses the evaluation and reinterpretation of distorted beliefs and appraisals. We investigated the neuropsychological basis of cognitive insight in psychosis. It was predicted that, like clinical insight, cognitive insight would be associated with a wide range of neuropsycholog...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2009.05.009
更新日期：2010-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs) are a set of behaviours characterised by impulsivity despite known harm. Related to ICDs is the dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS), which is characterised by an addiction-like consumption of dopaminergic medication and punding. These behaviours all have an increased prevalence in Pa...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2014.12.005
更新日期：2015-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence demonstrates that hippocampal hyperactivity helps mediate psychosis. Using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI), we examined hippocampal connectivity alterations in individuals with psychosis (PS) versus healthy controls (HC). Because of its putative greater involvement in psych...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.06.004
更新日期：2015-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In schizophrenia, psychomotor slowing and stereotypy are poorly delineated from cognitive deficits like diminished processing speed. Inpatients' performance outcomes on a line-copying task, a task assessing stereotypy and a processing-speed task are compared. Results suggested that psychomotor slowing and stereotypy a...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2008.01.017
更新日期：2008-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the lifetime experience of hallucinations and delusions associated with transient methamphetamine-related psychosis (MAP), persistent MAP and primary psychosis among a cohort of dependent methamphetamine users. Participants were classified as having (a) no current psychotic symptoms, (n=110); (b) psychotic...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.028
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of evidence suggest that the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) plays a crucial role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Concretely, recent data indicate that the 10-repeat (10R) DAT1 allele may mediate neuropsychological functioning, response to methylphenidate, and even brain function and...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.07.005
更新日期：2015-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditional analyses and interpretation of controlled trials rely on measures of central tendency (e.g., mean findings for treatment versus control) to detect treatment effects. These trial designs therefore emphasize homogeneity of results, with variations within the experimental or control groups treated as error to...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112520
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder often associated with dopamine-related genetic variations. Thus, we performed a case-control study in 1504 Han Chinese population to evaluate the association of DRD1, DRD2 and DRD3 polymorphisms with schizophrenia. No statistically significant difference in alle...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.052
更新日期：2016-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroleptic dosage was reduced by 10% every 2 weeks in five male hyponatremic polydipsic patients with schizophrenia. Mean dose fell from 1980 +/- 1289 to 631 +/- 135 chlorpromazine equivalents/day over a mean of 12.2 weeks until behavioral relapse occurred. During this time, serum sodium did not vary from baseline le...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(96)02793-x
更新日期：1996-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of evidence suggest that lactate metabolism may be altered in panic disorder. We recently reported exaggerated increases in serum lactate in panic patients following hyperventilation during glucose infusion. In the current study, lactate metabolism was stimulated by hyperventilation following glucose ing...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(91)90020-p
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comprehensive study was conducted 8 months after the 2010 Yushu earthquake to assess the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among medical rescuers and the rescuers' quality of life. Additionally, the study examines differences between local and supporting forces, as well as the relationship between P...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.047
更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that REM sleep and/or dreams contribute to overnight mood regulation, 61 subjects were tested on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and for 3 nights of monitored sleep on two occasions, once close to, and 1 year after, a marital separation. Forty-nine percent of the variance in the follow-up B...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00071-7
更新日期：1998-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological disorder characterized by irregular, non-rhythmic, choreoathetotic and involuntary movements in single or multiple body regions. Chronic administration of typical antipsychotic agents, which predominantly act on dopamine receptors, implicates the dopamine system in susceptibil...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2006.08.007
更新日期：2007-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:This multi-center observational study investigated the prevalence of agitation in newly hospitalized schizophrenia patients in China and its potential risk factors. It was performed in 2014 and covered 14 hospitals. Newly hospitalized patients with schizophrenia or suspected schizophrenia who met the diagnostic criter...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.065
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Since conduct problems (CP) vary distinctly across youths, better subtyping CP may be an important vehicle to study specific risk factors associated to differential patterns of CP. In a sample of 63,196 adolescents, we employed a two-step method to the identify such CP patterns and to help classify youths based...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113640
更新日期：2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Ictal heart rate (HR) and postictal suppression in ictal EEG are believed to be predictive of the therapeutic efficacy of eletroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depression. However, regarding ictal peak HR, previous studies investigated ictal HR on only one or two occasions during the course of ECT. We prospectively exami...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2010.05.007
更新日期：2011-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Cannabis is widely used in adolescence; however, the effects of cannabis on the developing brain remain unclear. Cannabis might be expected to have increased effects upon brain development and cognition during adolescence. There is extensive re-organisation of grey (GM) and white matter (WM) at this time, while the en...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.07.012
更新日期：2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirteen medication-free chronic schizophrenic patients and 11 normal control subjects were administered a trial by trial version of the Stroop Color Naming Task which evaluated separately the processes of interference and facilitation. There was no difference between the groups in the amount of interference to naming...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(92)90105-c
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies show that higher-order appetitive neural circuitry may contribute to restricted eating in anorexia nervosa (AN) and overeating in bulimia nervosa (BN). The purpose of this study was to determine whether sensitization effects might underlie pathologic eating behavior when a taste stimulus is administered...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.10.010
更新日期：2015-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:This study test the effects on autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity of two doses (0.25 mg/kg and 0.50 mg/kg) of dextroamphetamine in normal men. Skin conductance and heart rate were recorded during rest, tone presentation, and a reaction time task. Compared to placebo, dextroamphetamine increased both skin conducta...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-1781(81)90006-8
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural and functional pathology of limbic structures including the hippocampus are frequently replicated in schizophrenia. Although the fornix is the main afferent system of the hippocampus to the septal nuclei and the hypothalamus (especially the mammillary bodies), relatively few studies have investigated struct...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.12.007
更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work is to empirically generate a shortened version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), with the intention of maximising the diagnostic performance in the detection of depression compared with previously GDS validated versions, while optimizing the size of the instrument. A total of 233 individual...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2009.02.018
更新日期：2010-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to assess the association between core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, regional brain atrophy and clinical severity in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum, as well as to investigate how cognitive reserve (CR) may modulate these putative associations. Forty-nine subjects (11 controls, 10 patients with...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.12.001
更新日期：2011-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional bedside tests of visuospatial function such as the Clock Drawing (CDT) and Intersecting Pentagons (IPT) lack consistency in delivery and interpretation. We compared performance on a novel test of visuospatial ability - the LSD - with the IPT, CDT and MMSE in 180 acute elderly medical inpatients [mean age ...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical outcome of alcoholism may be partly under genetic control. The serotonergic system is involved in alcohol intake, and it has been widely investigated in alcohol dependence. Recently, attention has been focused on the neuronal tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene (TPH2). TPH2 variants have been consistently associate...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2007.12.006
更新日期：2009-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between sensation seeking and online poker gambling in a community sample of adult online poker players, when controlling for age, gender, anxiety and depression. In total, 288 online poker gamblers were recruited. Sociodemographic data, gambling behavior (C...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.024
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Body image disturbance and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) have been researched from a variety of psychological approaches. Psychological inflexibility, or avoidance of one's own cognitive and affective states at a cost to personal values, may be a useful construct to understand these problems. In an effort to clarify ...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.039
更新日期：2015-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are highly comorbid (Collimore et al., 2010). Trauma may present a shared environmental factor contributing to the development of comorbidity; however, existent research has been hampered by use of restrictive samples and limitations in the range o...
journal_title：Psychiatry research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.036
更新日期：2016-12-30 00:00:00
