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Dedifferentiation and substitute strategy: deconstructing the processing-speed impairment in schizophrenia.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Recent research has identified impairment in processing speed, measured by the digit-symbol substitution task, as central to the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. However, the underlying cognitive correlates of this impairment remain unknown. METHODS:A sample of cases (N=125) meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and a sample of community controls (N=272) from the same geographical area completed a set of putative measures of processing-speed ability to which we implemented confirmatory factor and structural regression modelling in order to elucidate the latent structure of processing speed. Next, we tested the degree to which the structural and relational portions of the model were equal across groups. RESULTS:Processing-speed ability was best defined, in both controls and cases (χ(2)=38.59(26), p=0.053), as a multidimensional cognitive ability consisting of three latent factors comprising: psychomotor speed, sequencing and shifting, and verbal fluency. However, cases exhibited dedifferentiation (i.e., markedly stronger inter-correlations between factors; χ(2)=59.94(29), p<.01) and a reliance on an alternative ensemble of cognitive operations to controls when completing the digit-symbol substitution task. CONCLUSION:Dedifferentiation of processing-speed ability in schizophrenia and subsequent overreliance on alternative (and possibly less than optimal) cognitive operations underlies the marked deficit observed on the digit-symbol substitution task.

journal_name

Schizophr Res

journal_title

Schizophrenia research

authors

Knowles EE,Weiser M,David AS,Dickinson D,Glahn D,Gold J,Davidson M,Reichenberg A

doi

10.1016/j.schres.2012.08.020

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-12-01 00:00:00

pages

129-36

issue

1-3

eissn

0920-9964

issn

1573-2509

pii

S0920-9964(12)00503-8

journal_volume

142

pub_type

杂志文章

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