Plasma epinephrine modulates the cerebrovasodilation evoked by electrical stimulation of dorsal medulla.

Abstract:

:We examined whether plasma epinephrine contributes to the increase in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) evoked by electrical stimulation of the dorsal medullary reticular formation (DMRF). Rats were anesthetized (alpha-chloralose, 30 mg/kg, s.c.), paralyzed and artificially ventilated. The DMRF was electrically stimulated through microelectrodes stereotaxically implanted. During stimulation, blood gases and arterial pressure were monitored and maintained within normal range. rCBF was determined in 11 dissected brain regions using the [14C]iodoantipyrine technique. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured radioenzymatically in rats with intact adrenals or adrenalectomy, and with or without infusion of epinephrine. DMRF stimulation induced widespread increases in rCBF associated with a 50-fold increase in plasma epinephrine and a 20-fold increase in norepinephrine without changes in the electroencephalogram. In contrast, stimulation of the adjacent medial longitudinal fasciculus had no effect upon rCBF or plasma catecholamines. Acute bilateral adrenalectomy produced regionally selective reductions in the stimulation-coupled increases in rCBF throughout brain (P less than 0.05). Infusion of epinephrine in adrenalectomized rats to levels comparable to those observed in intact animals during DMRF stimulation did not by itself modify rCBF. However, when infused in conjunction with stimulation of the DMRF, but not medial longitudinal fasciculus, epinephrine fully restored the stimulus-related increases in rCBF in all brain regions to levels comparable to those observed in intact rats. We conclude that stimulation of the DMRF elevates rCBF through two mechanisms; by a neurally-mediated increase in local metabolism and thereby flow (adrenal independent secondary vasodilation) and by releasing epinephrine from adrenal medulla which secondarily acts to increase rCBF by an action on brain.

journal_name

Brain Res

journal_title

Brain research

authors

Lacombe PM,Iadecola C,Underwood MD,Sved AF,Reis DJ

doi

10.1016/0006-8993(90)91203-s

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1990-01-01 00:00:00

pages

93-100

issue

1

eissn

0006-8993

issn

1872-6240

pii

0006-8993(90)91203-S

journal_volume

506

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Chronic corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin regulate corticosteroid receptors in rat hippocampus and anterior pituitary.

    abstract::Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin (AVP) participate in the endocrine, autonomic, immunological and behavioral response to stress. CRH and AVP receptors are found in hippocampus and anterior pituitary, where mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors are abundant. We investigated the p...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02585-x

    authors: Hügin-Flores ME,Steimer T,Schulz P,Vallotton MB,Aubert ML

    更新日期:2003-06-27 00:00:00

  • Lipopolysaccharide-induced ischemic tolerance is associated with increased levels of ceramide in brain and in plasma.

    abstract::Intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.9 mg/kg) has been shown to induce ischemic tolerance in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). TNF-alpha is believed to play a crucial role in preconditioning as its inhibition with TNF-alpha-binding protein abolished tolerance. Our recent studies (Liu et al., ...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02028-5

    authors: Zimmermann C,Ginis I,Furuya K,Klimanis D,Ruetzler C,Spatz M,Hallenbeck JM

    更新日期:2001-03-23 00:00:00

  • Neurones in the midbrain periaqueductal grey send collateral projections to nucleus raphe magnus and the rostral ventrolateral medulla in the rat.

    abstract::Projections to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and nucleus raphe magnus (NRM) appear to originate from neurones with overlapping distributions in the periaqueductal grey (PAG) as demonstrated by the retrograde transport of red and green fluorescent latex microspheres. Furthermore, double-labelling studies dem...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00784-6

    authors: Hudson PM,Lumb BM

    更新日期:1996-09-09 00:00:00

  • GABA as the pallidothalamic neurotransmitter: implications for basal ganglia function.

    abstract::GABA levels, high affinity GABA uptake and glutamic acid decarboxylase levels are reduced in rat ventroanterolateral thalamic nucleus after destruction of the entopeduncular nucleus with kainic acid. This is strong evidence that GABA is an entopedunculothalamic neurotransmitter. The striatoentopeduncular pathway is al...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90693-4

    authors: Penney JB Jr,Young AB

    更新日期:1981-02-23 00:00:00

  • Ischemic preconditioning reduces infarct volume after subdural hematoma in the rat.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ischemic preconditioning on infarct volume in a rat model of subdural hematoma (SDH). Ischemic preconditioning was induced by 15 min transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion followed 3 days later by the injection of 300 microl of autologous venous ...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03406-0

    authors: Mackay KB,Stiefel TH,Foster AC

    更新日期:2002-03-15 00:00:00

  • The pattern of retinoic acid receptor expression and subcellular, anatomic and functional area translocation during the postnatal development of the rat cerebral cortex and white matter.

    abstract::Retinoic acid (RA), which is an important modulator of brain development, neural cell proliferation, neurite outgrowth, and synaptic plasticity, is regulated via changes in RA receptors. The pattern of RA receptor changes in the rat cerebral cortex and white matter during postnatal development has not been extensively...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.027

    authors: Jiang W,Wen EY,Gong M,Shi Y,Chen L,Bi Y,Zhang Y,Liu YF,Chen J,Qu P,Liu YX,Wei XP,Li TY

    更新日期:2011-03-25 00:00:00

  • Subregion-specific differences in translocation patterns of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in rat hippocampus.

    abstract::Corticosteroids exert important effects on brain function via glucocorticoid (GRs) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) by inducing receptor translocation to the nucleus, where the receptor-ligand complexes modulate transcription of target genes. Based on studies describing uneven receptor expression patterns, region...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.048

    authors: Sarabdjitsingh RA,Meijer OC,Schaaf MJ,de Kloet ER

    更新日期:2009-01-16 00:00:00

  • Evidence for a functional role of the dopamine D3 receptors in the cerebellum.

    abstract::It has recently been shown that the lobules 9 and 10 of the cerebellum contain high densities of dopamine D3 receptors (and almost no D2 receptors [Bouthenet, M.L., Souil, E., Martres, M.P., Sokoloff, P., Giros, B. and Schwartz, J.C., Brain Res., 564 (1991) 203-219; Sokoloff, P., Giros, B., Martres, M.P., Bouthenet, M...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00964-x

    authors: Barik S,de Beaurepaire R

    更新日期:1996-10-21 00:00:00

  • Differential sensitivity of synaptosomal calcium entry and endogenous dopamine release to omega-conotoxin.

    abstract::The presynaptic neurotoxin omega-conotoxin (omega-CgTx) was tested for its ability to inhibit voltage-dependent calcium flux and transmitter release in rat brain synaptosomes. Conotoxin (0.001-10 microM) had no effect on calcium uptake or endogenous dopamine release from rat striatal synaptosomes in the absence of pot...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90207-7

    authors: Woodward JJ,Rezazadeh SM,Leslie SW

    更新日期:1988-12-13 00:00:00

  • The motirod: a novel physical skill task that enhances motivation to learn and thereby increases neurogenesis especially in the female hippocampus.

    abstract::Males and females perform differently on a variety of training tasks. In the present study we examined performance of male and female rats while they were trained with a gross motor skill in which they learn to maintain their balance on an accelerating rotating rod (the accelerating rotarod). During training, many ani...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.045

    authors: DiFeo G,Curlik DM 2nd,Shors TJ

    更新日期:2015-09-24 00:00:00

  • Expression of non-angiotensin II -125I-CGP 42112 binding sites on activated microglia after kainic acid induced neurodegeneration.

    abstract::[125I]CGP 42112, first developed to identify angiotensin II receptor subtype 2 (AT2), was recently shown to bind to a novel non-angiotensin binding site in injured rat brain tissue. We addressed the question whether non-angiotensin [125I]CGP 42112 binding appears after kainic acid induced hippocampal neurodegeneration...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01035-3

    authors: Jöhren O,Viswanathan M,Saavedra JM

    更新日期:1995-12-08 00:00:00

  • Cytosine arabinoside effects on developing cerebellum in tissue culture.

    abstract::Cerebellar explants derived from neonatal mice were exposed to cytosine arabinoside, an inhibitor of DNA synthesis. Following such exposure, the cortical regions of the explants contained numerous closely packed large neurons with few intervening elements and without lamination. The surviving large cortical neurons in...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90984-1

    authors: Seil FJ,Leiman AL,Woodward WR

    更新日期:1980-03-31 00:00:00

  • Unilaterally activated systems in rats self-stimulating at sites in the medial forebrain bundle, medial prefrontal cortex, or locus coeruleus.

    abstract::Rats with electrodes in either the posterior medial forebrain bundle (MFB), the anterior MFB, the medial prefrontal cortex, or the locus coeruleus self-stimulated during a 45 min period following the injection of [14C]2-deoxyglucose. They were then sacrificed and their brains prepared for autoradiography. The autoradi...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)91307-0

    authors: Yadin E,Guarini V,Gallistel CR

    更新日期:1983-04-25 00:00:00

  • Immunocytochemical distribution of angiotensin I-converting enzyme-like immunoreactivity in the brain and testis of insects.

    abstract::Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is Zn2+ metallopeptidase which plays an important role in blood pressure homeostasis in mammals and other vertebrates. Homologues of ACE involved in the biosynthesis of mammalian peptide hormones have also been identified in the insects, Musca domestica, Drosophila melanogaster and ...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01398-x

    authors: Schoofs L,Veelaert D,De Loof A,Huybrechts R,Isaac E

    更新日期:1998-03-02 00:00:00

  • Antihypertensive effects of L-tryptophan are not mediated by brain serotonin.

    abstract::L-Tryptophan produces a significant antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats while D-tryptophan does not change blood pressure. Both isomers of tryptophan significantly increase brain serotonin to the same extent at a time when the antihypertensive effect of L-tryptophan is maximal. Thus, the antihyp...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90985-5

    authors: Wolf WA,Kuhn DM

    更新日期:1984-03-19 00:00:00

  • Modulatory effects of aluminum, calcium, lithium, magnesium, and zinc ions on [3H]MK-801 binding in human cerebral cortex.

    abstract::The independent and combined effects of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Al3+ and Li+ on [3H]MK-801 binding in human cerebral cortical membranes were studied to further characterize the modulatory effects of metal ions on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-ionophore. Glycine, in the presence of glutamate, significantly intensi...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91290-0

    authors: Hubbard CM,Redpath GT,Macdonald TL,VandenBerg SR

    更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00

  • NMDA receptor 2B subunit-mediated synaptic transmission in the superficial dorsal horn of peripheral nerve-injured neuropathic mice.

    abstract::Previous research has shown that peripheral inflammation and peripheral nerve injury alter the properties of NMDA receptors in the spinal dorsal horn. However, there is no direct evidence that demonstrates the influence of peripheral nerve injury on NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the spinal dorsal hor...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.014

    authors: Iwata H,Takasusuki T,Yamaguchi S,Hori Y

    更新日期:2007-03-02 00:00:00

  • Multiple brain systems generating the rat auditory evoked potential. II. Dissociation of auditory cortex and non-lemniscal generator systems.

    abstract::This study addressed the issue of multiple parallel auditory processing systems and their relationship to the skull-recorded auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat. In the preceding paper (Brain Res., 602 (1993) 240-250) it has been shown that auditory cortex activity does not contri...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90690-o

    authors: Simpson GV,Knight RT

    更新日期:1993-02-05 00:00:00

  • Elevated TRH levels in pyriform cortex after partial and fully generalized kindled seizures.

    abstract::In a previous study we reported significant elevations of TRH in neocortex, hippocampus and combined amygdala/pyriform cortex in rats 48 h after the last of a series of stage 5 kindled seizures. In the present study, to determine whether the increases in TRH were proportional to the intensity of the convulsions, and t...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91330-j

    authors: Meyerhoff JL,Bates VE,Kubek MJ

    更新日期:1990-08-13 00:00:00

  • Localization of alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites in synapses of the developing chick retina.

    abstract::Alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites in chick retina from 12 days in ovo to hatching, were visualized at the ultrastructural level by use of a 1:1 conjugate of horseradish peroxidase with alpha-bungarotoxin. At all stages binding sites in the inner plexiform layer were localized in synapses, predominantly on or near the p...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90774-x

    authors: Daniels MP,Vogel Z

    更新日期:1980-11-10 00:00:00

  • Identification and somatotopic organization of nuclei projecting via the dorsolateral funiculus in rats: a retrograde tracing study using HRP slow-release gels.

    abstract::Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in slow-release gel was unilaterally implanted in the transected dorsolateral funiculus (DLF) of either cervical, midthoracic, lumbar or sacral spinal cord levels of adult male rats. Cell mappings were made of all brain areas projecting through the DLF. Following cervical implants, dense l...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)91139-2

    authors: Watkins LR,Griffin G,Leichnetz GR,Mayer DJ

    更新日期:1981-11-02 00:00:00

  • Induction of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in rat forebrain neurons.

    abstract::Olfactory nerve input is required for the normal expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) by dopaminergic neurons in the glomerular region of the rodent main olfactory bulb. To determine whether the olfactory nerve exerts a similar influence on neurons in other brain regions, we performed unilateral bulbectomies in rat...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90977-3

    authors: Guthrie KM,Leon M

    更新日期:1989-09-11 00:00:00

  • Light microscope differentiation of two populations of rat olfactory bulb granule cells.

    abstract::Examination of glycolmethacrylate embedded olfactory bulbs of normal rats revealed that the granule cells of the accessory olfactory bulb were dissimilar from the majority of main olfactory bulb granule cells. Cells from these structures can be discriminated on the basis of spherical form. nuclear diameter, nucleoplas...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90711-9

    authors: Struble RG,Walters CP

    更新日期:1982-03-25 00:00:00

  • Ovariectomy and 17beta-estradiol modulate disease progression of a mouse model of ALS.

    abstract::The incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is higher among men than women but rises in women after the menopause. Estrogens may play a protective role. Treatment with estrogens has been shown to be neuroprotective in models of several neurodegenerative diseases. We therefore determined the effect of ovariect...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.06.024

    authors: Groeneveld GJ,Van Muiswinkel FL,Sturkenboom JM,Wokke JH,Bär PR,Van den Berg LH

    更新日期:2004-09-17 00:00:00

  • A slow EPSP in mammalian inferior mesenteric ganglion persists after in vivo capsaicin.

    abstract::The non-cholinergic slow excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in the guinea pig inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) is believed to be mediated by substance P (SP). Yet, in ganglia of guinea pigs treated with capsaicin (50, 100, or 350 mg/kg, s.c.), a compound that depletes SP from sensory neurons, slow EPSPs were o...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90227-0

    authors: Peters S,Kreulen DL

    更新日期:1984-06-11 00:00:00

  • Spontaneous and odour evoked activity in single avian olfactory bulb neurones.

    abstract::Extracellular single unit recordings were made from various depths in the left olfactory bulb of ten anaesthetised, freely breathing adult hens (Gallus domesticus) using glass insulated tungsten microelectrodes. The 66 spontaneously active neurons recorded had widely variable firing rates (mean 4.9 spikes/s, range 0.1...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03376-5

    authors: McKeegan DE

    更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of combined or separate 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei on responding maintained by a DRL 20s schedule of food reinforcement.

    abstract::Previous studies have shown that long-term 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) depletion induced by combined dorsal and median raphe injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) leads to impairments in the acquisition and performance of behaviour maintained under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule of re...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00037-q

    authors: Fletcher PJ

    更新日期:1995-03-27 00:00:00

  • Enhanced forebrain nitric oxide synthase activity in epileptic fowl.

    abstract::Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was examined in forebrain, cerebellum and optic lobes of adult domestic fowl, having a hereditary primary generalized convulsive disorder. NOS was approximately 2-fold higher in only the forebrain of adult epileptic fowl compared to non-epileptic (carrier) hatchmates. A significant...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00595-1

    authors: Sandirasegarane L,Mikler JR,Tuchek JM,Sulakhe PV

    更新日期:1996-10-07 00:00:00

  • Depletion and recovery of the calcium-binding proteins calbindin and parvalbumin in the pigeon optic tectum following retinal lesions.

    abstract::Retinal lesions in pigeons produced a marked depletion of somata and neuropil staining for both calbindin-D28k and parvalbumin immunoreactivities in the contralateral optic tectum. Calbindin-like immunoreactivity reappeared in some tectal layers by 6 weeks postlesion, whereas paravalbumin-like immunoreactivity recover...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91206-8

    authors: Britto LR,Gobersztejn F,Karten HJ,Cox K

    更新日期:1994-10-24 00:00:00

  • Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ co-activator 1-α and hypoxia induced factor-1α mediate neuro- and vascular protection by hypoxic preconditioning in vitro.

    abstract::Preconditioning-induced cellular adaptation is a new therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. This research aims to examine the role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ co-activator 1-α (PGC-1α) and hypoxia induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) in hypoxic preconditioning-induced protection. In this study, rat...

    journal_title:Brain research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.059

    authors: Zhao J,Li L,Pei Z,Li C,Wei H,Zhang B,Peng Y,Wang Y,Tao Y,Huang R

    更新日期:2012-04-04 00:00:00