Abstract:
:Over the past two centuries, prevalent models of energy and glucose homeostasis have emerged from careful anatomical descriptions in tandem with an understanding of cellular physiology. More recent technological advances have culminated in the identification of peripheral and central factors that influence neural circuits regulating metabolism. This Review highlights contributions to our understanding of peripheral and central factors regulating food intake and energy expenditure.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Williams KW,Elmquist JKdoi
10.1038/nn.3217subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-01 00:00:00pages
1350-5issue
10eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726pii
nn.3217journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The entorhinal cortex has been implicated in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by changes in the tau protein and in the cleaved fragments of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). We used a high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) variant that can map metabolic defects i...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3606
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axonal degeneration is important during development but has not been thought to function in the intact mature nervous system. Here, we provide evidence that degeneration of adult axons occurs in the intact rodent brain through a p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR)- and myelin-dependent mechanism. Specifically, we show ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2513
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes are present in neurons, where they regulate a variety of cellular functions. Due to the lack of specific PKC isozyme inhibitors, it remains unknown how PKC acts on its selective target(s) and achieves its specific actions. Here we show that a PKC binding protein, enigma homolog...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1041
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine is vital for coordinated motion and for association learning linked to behavioral reinforcement. Here we show that the precise overlap of striatal dopaminergic and cholinergic fibers underlies potent control of dopamine release by ongoing nicotinic receptor activity. In mouse striatal slices, nicotinic antago...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn769
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neocortical GABAergic neurons have diverse molecular, structural and electrophysiological features, but the functional correlates of this diversity are largely unknown. We found unique membrane potential dynamics of somatostatin-expressing (SOM) neurons in layer 2/3 of the primary somatosensory barrel cortex of awake ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3051
更新日期:2012-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Human observers adapted to complex biological motions that distinguish males from females: viewing the gait of one gender biased judgments of subsequent gaits toward the opposite gender. This adaptation was not simply due to local features of the stimuli but instead relied upon the global motion of the figures. These ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1710
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used antidepressants, but the mechanisms by which they influence behavior are only partially resolved. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is necessary for some of the responses to SSRIs, but it is not known whether mature dentate gyrus granule cells (DG GCs) also ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4116
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABA interneurons play a critical role in higher brain functions. Astrocytic glial cells interact with synapses throughout the whole brain and are recognized as regulatory elements of excitatory synaptic transmission. However, it is largely unknown how GABAergic interneurons and astrocytes interact and contribute to s...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-020-00752-x
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experience-dependent plasticity in adult visual cortex is believed to have important roles in visual coding and perceptual learning. Here we show that repeated stimulation with movies of natural scenes induces a rapid improvement in response reliability in cat visual cortex, whereas stimulation with white noise or fla...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1895
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Robust form perception and underlying neuronal mechanisms require generalized representation of object boundaries, independent of how they are defined. One visual ability essential for form perception is reconstruction of contours absent from the retinal image. Here we show that barn owls perceive subjective contours ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/10217
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, are characterized by invasion of the brain by autoreactive T cells. The mechanism for how T cells acquire their encephalitogenic phenotype and trigger disease remains, however, unclear. The existence of lymphatic vessels in the meninges indicates a relevant link ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0227-9
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The processing of synaptic potentials by neuronal dendrites depends on both their passive cable properties and active voltage-gated channels, which can generate complex effects as a result of their nonlinear properties. We characterized the actions of HCN (hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation) ch...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2307
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myelinating cells, oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system produce an enormous amount of plasma membrane during the myelination process, making them particularly susceptible to disruptions of the secretory pathway. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, initiated by the accumulation of un...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.2273
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anatomical studies have led to the assertion that intratelencephalic and pyramidal tract cortical neurons innervate different striatal projection neurons. To test this hypothesis, we measured the responses of mouse striatal neurons to optogenetic activation of intratelencephalic and pyramidal tract axons. Contrary to ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3397
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the regulation of T-type channels by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK). Activation of ROCK via the endogenous ligand lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) reversibly inhibited the peak current amplitudes of rat Ca(v)3.1 and Ca(v)3.3 channels without affecting the voltage dependence of activation or inactivation, wher...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1921
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sharp wave-associated field oscillations (∼200 Hz) of the hippocampus, referred to as ripples, are believed to be important for consolidation of explicit memory. Little is known about how ripples are regulated by other brain regions. We found that the median raphe region (MnR) is important for regulating hippocampal r...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3998
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia, the brain's intrinsic immune cells, rapidly sense brain injury and help clear cellular debris. Haynes et al. now show that P2Y12 receptors are critical for activating microglia and directing them to the site of injury. ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1206-1463
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cognitive map has long been the dominant metaphor for hippocampal function, embracing the idea that place cells encode a geometric representation of space. However, evidence for predictive coding, reward sensitivity and policy dependence in place cells suggests that the representation is not purely spatial. We appro...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4650
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies suggested that MeCP2 competes with linker histone H1, but this hypothesis has never been tested in vivo. Here, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) of Flag-tagged-H1.0 in mouse forebrain excitatory neurons. Unexpectedly, Flag-H1.0 and MeCP2 occupied similar geno...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0155-8
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motion and stereoscopic depth are fundamental parameters of the structural analysis of visual scenes. Because they are defined by a difference in object position, either over time or across the eyes, a common neural machinery may be used for encoding these attributes. To examine this idea, we analyzed responses of bin...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/87462
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In higher sensory cortices, there is a gradual transformation from sensation to perception and action. In the auditory system, this transformation is revealed by responses in the rostral ventral posterior auditory field (VPr), a tertiary area in the ferret auditory cortex, which shows long-term learning in trained com...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0317-8
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognition can be conceptualized as a set of algorithmic control functions whose real-time deployment determines how an organism stores and uses information to guide thought and action. A subset of these functions is required for goal-directed selection and amplification of sensory signals-broadly referred to as attent...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41593-017-0020-1
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we report that synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors have opposite effects on CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) function, gene regulation and neuron survival. Calcium entry through synaptic NMDA receptors induced CREB activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn835
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The output of cortical columns is routed to different downstream targets via distinct pathways: cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical. It is as yet unclear what roles these pathways play in perception, and which cellular and circuit mechanisms regulate their gating. We recently showed that activation of the apical ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-020-0677-8
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Items held in working memory can be either attended or not, depending on their current behavioral relevance. It has been suggested that unattended contents might be solely retained in an activity-silent form. Instead, we demonstrate here that encoding unattended contents involves a division of labor. While visual cort...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0094-4
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated cocaine administration increases the dendritic arborization of nucleus accumbens neurons, but the underlying signaling events remain unknown. Here we show that repeated exposure to cocaine negatively regulates the active form of Rac1, a small GTPase that controls actin remodeling in other systems. Further, we...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3094
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amygdala is essential for fear learning and expression. The central amygdala (CeA), once viewed as a passive relay between the amygdala complex and downstream fear effectors, has emerged as an active participant in fear conditioning. However, the mechanism by which CeA contributes to the learning and expression of...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3322
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radial glial progenitor cells exhibit bidirectional cell cycle-dependent nuclear oscillations. The purpose and underlying mechanism of this unusual 'interkinetic nuclear migration' are poorly understood. We investigated the basis for this behavior by live imaging of nuclei, centrosomes and microtubules in embryonic ra...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2665
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous cannabinoids (eCB) mediate synaptic plasticity in brain regions involved in learning and reward. Here we show that in mice, a single in-vivo exposure to Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) abolishes the retrograde signaling that underlies eCB-mediated synaptic plasticity in both nucleus accumbens (NAc) and h...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1251
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent imaging studies show that the formation of neural connections in the central nervous system is a highly dynamic process. The iterative formation and elimination of synapses and neuronal branches result in the formation of a much larger number of trial connections than is maintained in the mature brain. Neural a...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn1218
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00