Abstract:
:Glucocorticoids are stress hormones released from the adrenal cortex and their concentration is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In this study, we investigated the effect of glucocorticoids on the number of astrocytes and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in vitro and in vivo. Proliferation of cultured astrocytes was reduced following treatment with corticosterone and dexamethasone for 72 h. Corticosterone and dexamethasone also reduced GR expression in astrocytes. RU486, a GR antagonist, inhibited the reduction in both astrocyte proliferation and GR expression. Furthermore, GR knockdown by siRNA inhibited astrocyte proliferation. We also examined the effect of excessive glucocorticoid release on GR expression and the number of astrocytes in vivo by administering adrenocorticotropic hormone to rats for 14 days. GR expression was reduced in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus and the number of astrocytes was reduced in the frontal cortex. Overall, our results suggest that glucocorticoids decrease the number of astrocytes by reducing GR expression.
journal_name
J Pharmacol Scijournal_title
Journal of pharmacological sciencesauthors
Unemura K,Kume T,Kondo M,Maeda Y,Izumi Y,Akaike Adoi
10.1254/jphs.12047fpsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
30-9issue
1eissn
1347-8613issn
1347-8648pii
JST.JSTAGE/jphs/12047FPjournal_volume
119pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies showed that diphenidol was effective on emetogens-induced pica, eating of non-nutritive substances, in rats, a model analogous to emesis in other species. We evaluated the actual antiemetic activity of diphenidol against four emetic stimuli in the dog and ferret, animals that possess an emetic reflex....
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.fpj04035x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple in vivo closed-chest atrial fibrillation (Af) model of rats was developed. Af was reproducibly induced by transesophageal atrial burst pacing for 30 s in each of the pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, whereas the cardiohemodynamic condition as well as the inducibility and duration of Af episode was stable over ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.scj05002x
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hot flushes are the most common complaint of menopausal women. In the present study, a new animal model of hot flushes was established. Tail skin temperature was measured with a thermo tracer after mice were subjected to a forced exercise task using a motor driven treadmill. In ovariectomized mice, forced exercise for...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.sc0050046
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aristolochic acids (AAs), contained in Chinese herbal preparations, have been considered to induce nephropathy. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of AA-induced nephrotoxicity, we have elucidated the interaction of human organic anion transporters (hOATs) with AAs using their stable cell lines. AA-I and AA...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.09339sc
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived secretory hormone that suppresses appetite by inhibition of neuropepeptide Y (NPY) gene expression in arcuate nucleus (ARC) in the hypothalamus. To investigate the transcriptional regulation of NPY gene by leptin, we carried out a luciferase assay using NPY gene promotor plasmid (NP...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.fmj05001x6
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) initiates demyelination following peripheral nerve injury, which causes neuropathic pain. Our previous in vivo and ex vivo studies using mice have demonstrated that LPA-induced demyelination of spinal dorsal roots is attributed by the LPA1-type receptor-mediated down-regulation of myelin-re...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2016.07.010
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin causes chronic interstitial disease with fibrosis, but the development mechanism of interstitial fibrosis is not yet understood. We examined the effect of an antioxidant, N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD), on development of interstitial fibrosis induced by cisplatin. Cisplatin increased blood urea ni...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.09185fp
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Re-expression of fetal genes has been considered to underlie ionic remodeling in diseased heart. T-type Ca(2+) channels have been reported to be functionally expressed in embryonic hearts. In this review, we summarize developmental changes of T-type Ca(2+) channels in mouse ventricles from 9.5 days postcoitum (dpc) to...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.fmj05002x3
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II plays an important role in regulating blood pressure. Moreover, angiotensin II directly promotes organ damage by inducing expression of various genes, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 precursors. Blockade of angiotensin II has been shown to not only lower b...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.11r11cp
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug interactions caused by Kampo medicine have not been investigated sufficiently. The current study was conducted to reveal the effect of anchusan, a commonly used Kampo formula for gastrointestinal disease, on CYP3A-mediated drug metabolism in rats. The pharmacokinetics of midazolam (...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.10277fp
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To ascertain whether steroid therapy evokes dentin hypersensitivity (DH)-like tooth pain, we performed a study based on compelling evidence from patients receiving steroid therapy. An exploratory study was conducted using a questionnaire for 220 patients prescribed steroids who attended the Department of Hematology an...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2016.10.004
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forsythiae Fructus is known to have diuretic, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study examined the hepatoprotective effects of pinoresinol, a lignan isolated from Forsythiae Fructus, against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver injury. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with vehicle or pin...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.09234fp
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our recent study showed a possibility that newly developed A2 type botulinum toxin (A2NTX) inhibits both spontaneous and evoked transmitter release from inhibitory (glycinergic or GABAergic) and excitatory (glutamatergic) nerve terminals using rat spinal sacral dorsal commissural nucleus neurons. In the present study,...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.11124FP
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimum strategy for heart failure (HF) treatment has yet to be elucidated. This study intended to test the benefit of a combination of valsartan (VAL) and perifosine (PER), a specific AKT inhibitor, in protecting against pressure overload induced mouse HF. Mouse were subjected to aortic banding (AB) surgery to es...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2020.04.001
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown a marked but transient increase in DNA binding of the nuclear transcription factor activator protein-1 after brief exposure to static magnetic fields in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, suggesting that exposure to static magnetism would lead to long-term consolidation as well as amplification...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.fmj05001x5
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the mechanism of action of prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)) and carbaprostacyclin, we studied their effect on DNA synthesis and proliferation in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Hepatocyte parenchymal cells, maintained in a serum-free, defined medium, synthesized DNA and proliferated in the presence ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.08338fp
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specific toxicity to dopaminergic neurons of psychostimulants and neurotoxins has been extensively studied in vivo and in vitro, and findings have been used to establish animal models of amphetamine psychosis or Parkinson's disease. The multiple mechanisms of neurotoxicity operating in these disorders are known to...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.13r19cp
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The critical role played by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the regulation of blood pressure and body fluid homeostasis has been well recognized. Angiotensin (Ang) II and aldosterone are the most powerful biologically active products of the RAAS, although there are also other bioactive Ang peptides ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.10r03fm
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study is to clarify the mechanism for the decrease in intraocular pressure by 2-alkynyladenosine derivatives in rabbits. The receptor binding analysis revealed that 2-(1-octyn-1-yl)adenosine (2-O-Ado) and 2-(6-cyano-1-hexyn-1-yl)adenosine (2-CN-Ado) selectively bound to the A(2a) receptor with a...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.fp0040730
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lig-8, a lignophenol derivative from bamboo lignin, potently suppresses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Here, we first examined in vitro whether lig-8 protects against neuronal damage induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reoxygenation, tunicamycin [endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress inducer], or ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.fp0060711
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calf Spleen Extractive Injection (CSEI), a small peptides enriched extraction, performs immunomodulatory activity on cancer patients suffering from radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The present study aims to investigate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of CSEI in cells and tumor-xenografted mouse models. In HepG2...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2016.08.006
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of nitric oxide (NO) on intestinal mucosal injury induced by single or consecutive administration of methotrexate was investigated in a rodent model. Rats received methotrexate intraperitoneally either as a single administration (50 mg/kg) or as a consecutive administration (12.5 mg/kg/day) for 4 days. NG-nit...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2020.02.006
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an evolving cancer treatment with promising results in treating malignant tumors by photoactivation of a photosensitizer with a specific wavelength. The second generation photosensitizer mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) was reported to have significant efficacy in killing cancer cells in...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.93.136
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical efficacy of allergen-specific Immunotherapy (AIT) towards Japanese cedar (JC) pollen allergy is firmly established but JC pollen-specific biomarker assays are lacking. Treatment-related increase of allergen-specific antibodies is a robust biomarker of successful AIT. Allergen-specific non-IgE antibo...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2019.07.001
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The roles played by K+ channels in the urothelium (UE) and detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) in regulating agonist-induced bladder contraction is not known at present. Thus, the effects in carbachol (CCh)-induced contraction in UE-intact (+UE) and UE-denuded (-UE) rat detrusor strips pretreated with K+-channel blockers wer...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.10162FP
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the novel object recognition task, ZSET1446 (also coded as ST101) enhanced object recognition memory in mice and ameliorated cognitive impairment caused by scopolamine in rats. The enhancement induced by ZSET1446 in mice was abolished by injection of mechamylamine, a nonselective antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholi...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.13042fp
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we investigated whether a novel benzopyranylindol analogue, KR-31466 (KR466) (1-[(2S,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydro-2-dimethoxymethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-nitro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-yl]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester) can attenuate hypoxic injury in heart-derived H9c2 cells and, if so, whether the prot...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.92.13
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is a well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can potentiate some acute allergies and causes adverse immunological reactions collectively referred to as aspirin intolerance, a disorder that induces urticaria, asthma, and anaphylaxis in response to oral administration of the dr...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1254/jphs.08r32fm
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the structure of AAP, a novel anti-thrombotic peptide from snake venom which we discovered in our previous study, more than 60 compounds were designed and synthesized. One of these termed as LX0702 exhibited stronger anti-platelet aggregation activity than AAP. This study aims to investigate the effects of LX...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jphs.2015.03.010
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP) catalyzes the oxidation of many endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. The expression of CYP isozymes are modulated by endogenous hormones and xenobiotics. We found that, although CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 are adult male-specific isozymes, they are also expressed in prepubertal female Sprague Dawley (SD) ...
journal_title:Journal of pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1254/jphs.fp0060414
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00