Abstract:
:The majority of ectopic pregnancies can be diagnosed on transvaginal scan before treatment. Diagnosis should be based on positive visualization of an ectopic pregnancy rather the inability to visualize an intrauterine pregnancy. The majority of ectopic pregnancies will be visible on the initial transvaginal scan performed. Those who do not have their ectopic pregnancies visualized on the first examination will be initially classified as having a pregnancy of unknown location. They will then need follow-up until a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is confirmed. This review discusses the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and the specific criteria for diagnosis of the different types of ectopic pregnancy.
journal_name
Clin Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Clinical obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Kirk Edoi
10.1097/GRF.0b013e31824e35fesubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
395-401issue
2eissn
0009-9201issn
1532-5520pii
00003081-201206000-00005journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) describes a collection of exam findings and bothersome symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency involving changes to the labia, introitus, clitoris, vagina, urethra, and bladder. Vulvovaginal atrophy is a component of GSM. GSM is a highly prevalent medical condition with a...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000380
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The provision of hormone therapy, both estrogens and antiandrogens, to adult transgender females is well within the scope of practice of the obstetrician gynecologist. The goal is to induce feminizing changes and suppress previously developed masculinization. Estrogens in sufficient doses will usually achieve both goa...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000396
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current findings continue to support the concept of a biologically defective decidua rather than a primarily abnormally invasive trophoblast. Prior cesarean sections increase the risk of placenta previa and both adherent and invasive placenta accreta, suggesting that the endometrial/decidual defect following the iatro...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000392
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interest in studying routine ultrasound in pregnancy has provided useful results that can be applied to practice. There is no consistent evidence of risk caused by ultrasound, neither biologic risk for the fetus nor increased use of health services as a result of ascertained conditions. There is also no consistent...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-199912000-00003
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Counseling regarding the options for aneuploidy risk assessment is complicated and requires thorough counseling with the patient. Second trimester serum risk assessment has been the gold standard because of widespread availability, low cost, and vast experience with counseling and performance. First trimester risk ass...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31804c9b99
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the United States, roughly half of women are either overweight (24.5%) or obese (21.4%) when they become pregnant. Women who are obese before pregnancy are at increased risk for a number of pregnancy complications relative to normal-weight women. Specifically, obesity is associated with significantly increased mate...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000173
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods of analyzing errors and proactively preventing errors are discussed. A framework for using these concepts is presented. ...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181899a5a
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of mesh and graft in pelvic reconstructive surgery has increased over the last decade. As the use of these products increased, the frequency and complexity of mesh-related complications has also increased. Management of complications resulting from mesh placement requires a thoughtful, systematic approach. Alt...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182856371
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnant health care workers (HCW) may be exposed to pathogens during routine patient care duties. Although they do not seem to be at higher risk for infection compared with nonpregnant HCW, certain infections can be associated with increased maternal morbidity, mortality, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Primary preve...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31824f3a07
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal myomectomy and hysterectomy remain the traditional treatment of large symptomatic uterine myomas. The preoperative indications for abdominal myomectomy or hysterectomy must be clearly evaluated and delineated avoid unnecessary intervention. There appears to be an increasing trend toward expectant management ...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-200106000-00024
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cost-effectiveness analyses are an important tool for the evaluation and modification of many health care services. Given the variety of screening tests and treatments available for cervical cancer screening and prevention, the costs associated with these options and with their alternatives, and the differences in res...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182823797
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent published literature dealing with urinary tract calculi during pregnancy has been summarized. Our own experience with 17 patients, (0.08% of the deliveries) in a recent 12-year interval has been described. Emphasis must be placed on the safety and limitations of renal ultrasonography. Excretory urography sh...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Those entities that are most likely to threaten the life of the pregnant woman have been reviewed. Although intrapartum and postpartum pelvic infections consitute the majority such serious infections in pregnancy, attention has also been called to se...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003081-197609000-00006
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer will not respond to initial therapy. These patients have a poor prognosis. Our aim was to identify patients with a worse prognosis by integrating clinical, pathologic, and genomic data. Using publicly available genomic data and integrating it with clinical data, we s...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000493
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Care of the endometriosis patient today can be complex and difficult. Once medical management has been exhausted and symptoms persist patients desire further treatment options. This chapter takes an evidence-based approach at discussion of patient surgcical options for treatment of endometriosis symptoms. Surgical tec...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000291
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many problems in the diagnosis and treatment of vaginitis. Often, the patient is not examined (telephone treatment) or examined improperly with lack of attention to the wet prep. In patients with recurrent vaginitis, it should not be assumed that the current infection is the same as a previous infection with...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-199906000-00004
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placental lesions identified in cases of stillbirth are of clinical interest and are frequently invoked as having a causal role. However, most of the placental changes found in stillbirth are also seen in liveborn pregnancies, and are of uncertain pathogenetic significance. Much of the literature addressing placental ...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181eb68fe
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many otherwise healthy women will experience a significant disruption in lifestyle from abnormal uterine bleeding. Most of those seeking medical attention will not be at risk for developing anemia. In each case, a thorough search for underlying systemic, hormonal, and organic causes should be instituted. The use of bl...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-199506000-00017
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with gestational diabetes mellitus require a continuum of care before, during, and after pregnancy for optimal management of hyperglycemia. Postpartum education and lifestyle modification should begin during pregnancy, and should continue during the postpartum period. Women should receive education on the long-t...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182a8e0bb
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embolic phenomena in pregnancy demand rapid investigation and treatment. Regardless, some patients will not survive due to the enormity of the insult. Optimally, such patients should be treated in tertiary care centers, but this is not always possible. ...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-199009000-00013
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During pregnancy, women have a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of thromboembolism. Candidates for anticoagulation in pregnancy include women with current thrombosis, a history of thrombosis, risk factors for postpartum thrombosis, and some women with thrombophilia and a history of poor pregnancy outcome. Although, there a...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31825cfe7b
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent rise in rates of opiate replacement therapy among pregnant women have resulted in increasing number of infants requiring treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Short-term and long-term developmental outcomes associated with prenatal opiate exposure are discussed, including symptoms and severity of NA...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31827feea4
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) impairs insulin secretion in humans and in animal models of IUGR. Several underlying mechanisms have been implicated, including decreased expression of molecular regulators of β-cell mass and function, in some cases shown to be due to epigenetic changes initiated by an adverse fe...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31829e5b29
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethics in reproductive genetics comprise descriptive ethics and normative ethics. Ethical problems before prenatal diagnosis involve genetic counseling and informed consent for the choice patients must make. Prenatal diagnosis using amniocentesis is controversial. An international survey of geneticists showed that ...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003081-199212000-00009
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally invasive surgery continues to transform the field of gynecologic oncology and has now become the standard of care for many early-stage malignancies. The proven benefits of minimally invasive surgery are driving the rapid introduction and dissemination of novel technologies and the increasing ability to perfo...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000286
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent clinical trials indicate that EA is feasible. The use of ancillary tools, such as ultrasound, requires only a slight modification of the previously established techniques for MA. The amniotic fluid can be obtained and cultured. Combining the reported populations sampled, the procedural and cytogenetic failu...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-198806000-00011
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The software known as Clinical Decision Support Services (CDSS) has emerged as a buzzword from the explosion of information systems within health care. CDSS is installed within a practice to provide resources and tools to support the utilization of patient data in the provider decision-making process. Additional appli...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31829cb0bf
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is compelling data and a rationale for embarking on screening to identify pregnant women with some of the multiple classes of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. However, the evidence to support such screening and treatment is lacking. Several important trials are underway or undergoing peer review that may provide...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/GRF.0b013e31822e27e3
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norgestimate (NGM) is one of a class of newer, more selective progestins. The authors describe its structure and biologic activity, contraceptive effectiveness, cycle control, metabolic effects, carbohydrate metabolism, coagulation factors, and clinical side effects. NGM-containing oral contraceptives (OC), either a...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003081-199538040-00019
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated in the intraepithelial cervical changes that cause most abnormal Papanicolaou smears. To date, 14 types of HPVs have been identified. All are small, nondeveloped, icosahedral DNA viruses that share a common internal antigen. In cases of cervical HPV infection...
journal_title:Clinical obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003081-198312000-00019
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00