Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Exposure to an acute stress inhibits gastric emptying and stimulates colonic transit via central neuropeptide Y (NPY) pathways; however, peripheral involvement is uncertain. The anxiogenic phenotype of NPY(-/-) mice is gender-dependent, raising the possibility that stress-induced gastrointestinal (GI) responses are female-dominant through NPY. The aim of this study was to determine GI transit rates, corticosterone levels and food intake after acute restraint (AR) or novel environment (NE) stress in male and female NPY(-/-) and WT mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Upper gastrointestinal transit (UGIT) (established 30 min after oral gavage) and corticosterone levels were determined under basal or restrained conditions (30 min) and after treatment i.p. with Y(1) antagonist BIBO3304 or Y(2) antagonist BIIE0246. Faecal pellet output (FPO) was established after AR and treatment i.p. with NPY in the NE, as were colonic bead expulsion rates. KEY RESULTS:UGIT and FPO were similar in unrestrained male and female mice. NPY(-/-) females displayed significantly slower UGIT than NPY(-/-) males after AR, but both genders displayed significantly higher FPO and reduced food intake relative to WT counterparts. Peripheral NPY treatment increased bead expulsion time in WT mice. AR male NPY(-/-) mice had higher levels of corticosterone than male WT mice; whilst in AR WT mice, after peripheral Y(1) and Y(2) receptor antagonism in males, and Y(2) antagonism in females, corticosterone was significantly elevated. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:NPY possesses a role in the gender-dependent susceptibility to stress-induced GI responses. Furthermore, NPY inhibits GI motility through Y(2) receptors and corticosterone release via peripheral Y(1) and Y(2) receptors.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Forbes S,Herzog H,Cox HMdoi
10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01939.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
2307-16issue
8eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
166pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:1. Acute moderate hypoxia modifies the catalytic activity and expression of certain isoenzymes of hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450). The aim of this study was to document whether hypoxia affects hepatic P450 directly or through the release of serum mediators. 2. Rabbits were subjected to a FiO(2) of 8% for 48 h, sacrific...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704933
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Idioventricular rate responses and adrenoceptor number have been examined in normal Langendorff hearts perfused at 70 cmH2O and in 'ischaemic' hearts perfused at 10 cmH2O. 2. In hearts perfused at normal pressure, ventricular rate responses to phenylephrine in the presence of propranolol were biphasic with low conc...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb15860.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Inhalational anaesthetics modulate ligand-gated ion channels at clinical concentrations. In this paper we address submolecular mechanisms for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor modulation by isoflurane. 2. Wild-type Drosophila melanogaster homo-oligomeric GABA receptors were characterized and compared with an ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701417
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In terms of postjunctional alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in the pulmonary circulation, no evidence is available with regard to the receptor subtypes mediating vasoconstriction. Therefore, we characterized the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating contraction in isolated porcine pulmonary veins. EXPE...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707221
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of 1,3-di(2-tolyl)guanidine (DTG) were examined on the responses of cultured hippocampal neurones to the excitatory amino acid analogues N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate, quisqualate and (RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA). 2. In rat hippocampal neurones loaded with the ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13749.x
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist, L-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionate (L-AP3) on phosphoinositide turnover in neonatal rat cerebral cortex slices has been investigated. 2. At concentrations of < or = 300 microM, L-AP3 inhibited total [3H]-inositol phosphate ([3H]-InsPx) and Ins(1,4,...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb16730.x
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxynitrite, a potent oxidant formed by the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide causes thymocyte necrosis, in part, via activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS). The cytotoxic PARS pathway initiated by DNA strand breaks and excessive PARS activation has been shown to deplete cellular e...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702332
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Macrophage elastase (MMP-12) is involved in the inflammatory process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to investigate in mice the effect of MMP-12 inhibition on the inflammatory process induced by cigarette smoke (CS) or by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure of the air...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.180
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The detrimental actions of leptin on cardiovascular function are well established. Smith et al. report the novel finding of a reduction of infarct size by exogenous leptin when given at reperfusion. The involvement of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway in such reduction of infarct size and its relati...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706833
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Vasodilator responses to histamine, bradykinin and sympathetic nerve stimulation were elicited in the perfused paw of dogs treated with bretylium (15-20 mg/kg) and atropine. The H2-receptor blocking agent, burimamide, when administered in the dose of 5 mg/kg intravenously and 4 mg intra-arterially did not depress si...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07329.x
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of low oxygen tension on tone and on the responsiveness to contractile and relaxant agents were examined on circumflex coronary artery rings isolated from sheep. 2. When artery rings (2-2.5 mm o.d.) were set at their optimal resting tension, introduction of hypoxia (0% O2) caused a sustained contraction...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1989.tb11894.x
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulated the short circuit current (SCC) in primary monolayer cultures of rat epididymal cells when added to the apical but not to the basolateral side of the monolayers. Half-maximal stimulation was achieved at 5 x 10(-8) M ATP. 2. The increase in SCC induced by ATP was dep...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1988.tb11770.x
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The appearance of pancreatic muscarinic receptors during development has been measured by use of the specific ligand [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]-QNB). 2 QNB binding sites are present in foetal pancreas; their maximal concentration is attained at the age of 30 days and a significant decrease is observed in one...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb10428.x
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS) administration, repeated desmethylimipramine injection (5 mg kg-1, twice daily for 14 days) and acute administration of the beta-adrenoceptor, clenbuterol, on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)- and dopamine-mediated behaviours in mice have been examined. All three treatme...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1983.tb10044.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA, 0.1 to 1 mM) had no significant effect on the amplitude, rise time, half decay time or frequency of miniature endplate potentials (m.e.p.ps) at the frog or mouse neuromuscular junctions in vitro. 2 Addition of GABA (1 mM) to preparations previously treated with 11 mM K+-Ringer did not ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10937.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. 5-HT and the prostanoid TP receptor agonists, U46619 and I-BOP, constricted the human umbilical artery with pEC50 values of 7.3+/-0. 2, 6.7+/-0.1, and 7.3+/-0.2, respectively. The selective TP receptor antagonist, GR32191 (0.1 microM), shifted the concentration-effect curves to U46619 and I-BOP to the right, but ha...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702965
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.12624
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704061
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb14477.x
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb14918.x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Memantine and marijuana smoking have been found to inhibit tremor in parkinsonian patients, although the observed effects were relatively weak. The tremorolytic effects of combinations of memantine and cannabinoids have not been studied. Here, we have evaluated the anti-tremor activity of memanti...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.14914
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have investigated the role of endogenous nitric oxide on renal vascular reactivity in late pregnancy in in situ blood perfused kidneys of alpha-chloralose anaesthetized Wistar-Kyoto rats. Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition was achieved by intravenous administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine or NG-nitro-L-arginine me...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701363
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential of a new, potent, irreversible and selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type B, (E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluorallyamine (MDL 72145), to augment the effects of L-DOPA in an animal model which reproduces the biochemical defect of Parkinson's disease has been evaluated. In rats bearing unilateral 6...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1986.tb10179.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoamine oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity were significantly reduced in the striatum of rats 8 days after lesion of the nigrostriatal nerve pathway caused by 6-hydroxydopamine. Evidence is presented for the existence of an intraneuronal 'dopamine monoamine oxidase' and intraneuronal aldehyde dehydrogenase....
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08238.x
更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:7-Ketocholesterol, an oxysterol present in atherosclerotic lesions, induces smooth muscle cell (SMC) death, thereby destabilizing plaques. Statins protect patients from myocardial infarction, though they induce SMC apoptosis. We investigated whether statins and 7-ketocholesterol exerted additive ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.181
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.13441
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1979.tb08684.x
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. It has previously been shown that the antimigraine drug sumatriptan constricts porcine carotid arteriovenous anastomoses via 5-HT1-like receptors, identical to 5-H1B/1D receptors. The recent availability of silent antagonists selective for the 5-HT1B (SB224289) and 5-HT1D (BRL15572) receptor led us to further analy...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702572
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Modulations of Cl- responses to glycine by 5-hydroxytryptamine ligands were studied in cultured spinal neurones, by the whole-cell recording technique. 2. Three 5-HT3 antagonists were found to potentiate reversibly responses to low concentrations of glycine. Potentiations were induced by micromolar concentrations o...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15651.x
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We compared the relaxant effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) 1-27 with that of a newly developed PACAP 1-27 analogue, [Arg15,20,21Leu17]-PACAP-Gly-Lys-Arg-NH2, in the guinea-pig trachea and primate bronchi in vitro (n = 4-5). 2. In the guinea-pig trachea precontracted by a submaximally ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701310
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
