Abstract:
:The effect of the race of the donor on organ donation and on the outcome of clinical liver transplantation has not been addressed previously. The aims of this study were to determine: (1) the number of organs donated by each of the major racial groups of the United States, (2) the outcome of transplantation of these organs across racial groups, and (3) the pattern of liver disease that required transplantation in each of these racial groups. A significantly higher proportion of organs were donated by white non-Hispanic Americans than either black or Hispanic Americans. There was no significant difference in survival when an organ was transplanted between black and white Americans and vice versa. Postnecrotic cirrhosis from a variety of causes was the most common indicator affecting black and white recipients, while primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis were uncommon in the black population. While the number of organs donated by blacks was low, it was, however, proportional to the number of black recipients in this study. Reasons for the low rate of donation by the black and white Hispanic population are discussed. It is concluded that race is not a criteria to be used in selection of donors for liver transplantation. Educational programs addressing issues of organ donation and transplantation directed towards the black and Hispanic populations are recommended.
journal_name
Dig Dis Scijournal_title
Digestive diseases and sciencesauthors
Pillay P,Van Thiel DH,Gavaler JS,Starzl TEdoi
10.1007/BF01536746subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-11-01 00:00:00pages
1391-6issue
11eissn
0163-2116issn
1573-2568journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The bile acids in brown pigment stones and gallbladder bile were fractionated into free acids, glycine and taurine conjugates, and sulfates using diethylaminohydroxypropyl Sephadex LH-20 (DEAP-LH-20) column chromatography and were quantitated by gas chromatography. Twenty-eight cases of brown pigment stones were studi...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01537218
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cases of difficult biliary cannulation, transpancreatic sphincterotomy (TPS) can be an alternative approach of biliary access. However, its success and safety profile have not been studied in detail. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to study the overall cannulation success and adverse events of ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s10620-019-05640-4
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has a high incidence in dogs and, as in humans, is difficult to diagnose. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic significance of serum unconjugated bile acid concentrations in dogs with bacterial overgrowth. Fasting sera were obtained from 23 dogs: 10 with cu...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1005493416946
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity, gastroesophageal reflux, and Barrett's esophagus have all been linked to esophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, the decline in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in affluent societies has also been suggested to be a major factor in the recent rise in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinom...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-010-1473-1
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crohn's disease (CD) is a heterogeneous disorder. A genetic linkage to chromosome 16 (IBD1) has been previously observed and replicated in unrelated populations. Recently, in this region, NOD2/CARD15 has been identified as a susceptibility gene. The aim of this report is to determine whether this gene is implicated in...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-005-1290-0
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The early diagnosis of pancreas allograft dysfunction is crucial for the management and long-term survival of transplanted pancreases. We investigated whether intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1), Fas, and Fas ligand (FasL) can be used as novel biomarkers of acute pancreaticoduodenal allograft dysfunc...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-013-2904-6
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reflux-like dyspepsia (RLD), where predominant epigastric pain is associated with heartburn and/or regurgitation, is a common clinical syndrome in both primary and specialty care. Because symptom frequency and severity vary, overlap among gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), non-erosive reflux disease (NE...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1708-9
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data regarding early atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease are limited and conflicting results are present. AIMS:The purpose of this study was to evaluate serological and sonographical evidence of subclinical vascular involvement in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS:Thirty-nine pat...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-012-2148-x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by diffuse fatty infiltration in the liver and ballooning degeneration and inflammation in hepatocytes. We aimed to study the protective effect of soy isoflavones on experimental NASH and their effects on plasma paraoxanese and arylesterase levels in rats. Twenty-ei...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9251-9
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An association between hypothermia and gastric ulceration has been reported in rats in cervical cord section and in restraint models. The present study was designed to determine this relationship in cervical and in lumbar cord sectioned Sprague-Dawley rats. Ambient temperatures were varied by placing the sectioned ani...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01307976
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bloating is one of the most bothersome symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but its association with other symptoms is not well described. AIMS:We investigated the association between symptoms of abdominal bloating, other IBS symptoms, psychological distress, and comorbid pain conditions. METHODS:We...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-018-5352-5
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We hypothesized that the severity of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis could differ between DSS preparations of the same molecular weight, and that this difference may be affected by the sulfur content. To test this, we used three DSS preparations of similar molecular weights but with different su...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1881-x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although systemic steroids remain as the gold standard for the treatment of acute moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis (UC), 15-57% of patients do not achieve clinical remission. We sought to identify clinical, biological, or radiologic predictive factors of response to steroid treatment in acute UC attacks. T...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9103-7
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and vitamin D deficiency aggravates the development of colitis, but the relationship between the local colonic RAS and vitamin D is unclear with regard to the pathogenesis of IBD. AIMS:To investigate whether vitamin D suppr...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06713-5
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Management of pancreatic cystic lesions relies on patients' clinical presentation, imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound. Current research in basic science, radiology, and endoscopy is evolving and making progress in this condition which is relatively common in the general population. This review focuses on the recent en...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10620-017-4544-8
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of selenium-enriched probiotics against pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) in vitro and in vivo. Escherichia coli was co-cultured in vitro with each probiotic strain individually, and a mixture of the four strains and its population was counted at va...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-008-0361-4
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our aims were to measure antral axial forces in patients with suspected upper gut dysmotilities and to compare the number of antral contractions detected by an axial force catheter and by manometric sensors in the distal antrum and pylorus. Fifteen patients (2 men, 13 women; mean age 42 years) underwent studies for 3 ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02213125
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients affected by diabetes mellitus are reported to have an increased incidence of gallbladder abnormalities. The pathophysiologic mechanisms for this phenomenon are unclear. In the present study ultrasonography was used to determine gallbladder emptying in response to a meal or separate cephalic or hormonal stimul...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01537580
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::All cases of hepatolithiasis showed features of chronic proliferative cholangitis, and it has been speculated that the atypical glandular proliferation might be a precursor to overt cholangiocarcinoma. Proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a nuclear protein synthesized in the G1/S phase of the cell cycle and th...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026604704029
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::H. pylori may colonize columnar-lined esophagus, although an etiologic role in esophageal adenocarcinoma is unproven. H. pylori can adhere to intestinal metaplasia in the stomach. This study was designed to examine if H. pylori adheres to specialized intestinal metaplasia in columnar-lined esophagus. Esophageal biopsi...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026628307895
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimal lesions of the small bowel are mucosal changes characterized by an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (with or without crypt hyperplasia) and normal villous architecture. Such changes are associated with a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from food intolerances to infections, and from drugs to...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06571-1
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Different factors have been associated with prolonged fluoroscopy time (FT) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). AIM:We hypothesize that FT depends on both the anatomical location of the pathology managed during ERCP and the complexity of the ERCP. METHODS:Three centers participate...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3508-5
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in experimental liver cirrhosis in rats induced by thioacetamide were evaluated by the radioactive microsphere method. Cardiac output and regional blood flow were measured in conscious and anesthetized control and cirrhotic rats. The conscious thioacetamide-treated rats had hyperdy...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01299895
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study set out to evaluate the effects of dietary fiber on cancer development in the large bowel under in vivo experimental conditions as similar as possible to those under which this cancer develops in vivo in humans. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups that were fed either a nonfiber d...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1015310211821
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with potentially serious infections, including tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). We assessed the cost-effectiveness of extensive TB screening and HBV screening prior to initiati...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-013-2820-9
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare the effect on HCV RNA levels of using induction dosing with 5 MU interferon-alpha2b (IFN) given daily for four weeks followed by 5 MU IFN given three times a week (TIW) for 44 weeks vs standard noninduction TIW dosing of 5 MU IFN for 48 weeks. We randomly assigned 135 patients with...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1023/a:1014792017251
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a safe and effective way to sample lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Rapid on-site specimen evaluation (ROSE) improves the accuracy of EUS-FNA. While data suggests that EUS with fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is effective, it remains unclear...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10620-013-2613-1
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind study on 19 patients with the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, the effects of treatment with a granulated pancreatic enzyme preparation (Pankreon) were compared with those of placebo administration. One week of treatment with each preparation was preceded by one week without any medication. The pat...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF01315137
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a case of collagenous colitis with evidence of terminal ileal involvement. The patient suffered from chronic watery diarrhea of three months' duration, and colonoscopy revealed a normal endoscopic appearance. Histologic examination of biopsies revealed a broad subepithelial band of collagen, with similar hi...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01297466
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neutralizing capacity of two antacids (Alucol = A, Syntrogel = S), differing both in their composition and theoretical neutralizing capacity, was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro at pH 3.5, 1 ml of A or S neutralizes 3.9 and 1.6 meq of acid, respectively, in an aqueous solution. When tested in vivo in the ...
journal_title:Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01320257
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00