Abstract：
:Although estradiol (E2) is considered primarily for its role in reproduction, it can exert numerous physiological actions on a variety of tissues. However, there are several difficulties in isolating these actions and determining its impact for in vivo situations. Despite the limitations, it does appear that E2 can alter, under certain conditions, resting and acute exercise metabolism and blood glucose regulation. Specifically, E2 can increase lipid availability and utilization and decrease gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Development of glucose intolerance as a result of insulin insensitivity has also been documented. The mechanisms of E2 may be through direct alterations in key enzyme activity and membrane permeability or indirectly via changes in insulin:glucagon, cortisol, hGH, and catecholamine levels or sensitivity. Future research should focus on understanding the effects of exercise and diet on chronic E2 status and the resulting impact for a variety of conditions that include reproductive and skeletal integrity and predisposing metabolic risk factors for CAD and diabetes. In order to make meaningful correlations between E2 levels and physiological measurements such as bone mineral content, lipid profiles, glucose intolerance, etc., there needs to be a standard guideline for determining and defining one's "estrogen status." Finally, in order to identify underlying mechanisms, an understanding of and appreciation for the interrelationships among the numerous compositional, metabolic, and (neuro)endocrine factors involved is needed. A general model is presented, along with specific applications, to study these interactions.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Bunt JCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
286-90issue
3eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate longitudinal associations of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with body composition and physical fitness at a 12-month follow-up in healthy Swedish 4-yr-old children. METHODS:The data from the population-based MINISTOP trial were collected ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001313
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Cross-sectional studies suggest that training can increase muscle carnosine (MCarn), although longitudinal studies have failed to confirm this. A lack of control for dietary β-alanine intake or muscle fiber type shifting may have hampered their conclusions. The purpose of the present study was to investigate th...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001697
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight older (52 to 62 yr old) post-menopausal and 8 younger (20 to 30 yr old) women were matched with respect to body size, fatness, and maximal oxygen consumption, heat-acclimated, and then exercised at 35 to 40% maximal oxygen consumption in a warm-humid (37 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) environment. Results wer...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-198820020-00009
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vigorous exercise is associated with a sensation of well-being, and this subjective state has been objectively quantified with psychometric, cardiovascular, and neurophysiological data. Reductions in state anxiety have been demonstrated to follow acute physical activity, and this response persists for 2-5 h. Chronic p...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether efferent sympathetic nerve activity is different to resting skeletal muscles from the exercising and nonexercising limb. MSNA was measured by microneurography in both legs (peroneal nerve) in six subjects during 2 min of unilateral isometric knee extension (IKE; 10-30...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the cardiovascular reactivity response to mental challenge of aerobically trained and untrained preadolescent boys. METHODS:Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure, as well as stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, rate pressure product, and cardiac contractility response in 15 aerobically trained (...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000078935.78895.8E
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serostatus in an athletic endurance population, especially the prevalence of complex aberrant EBV antibody patterns. In addition, the purpose was to determine whether serology in athletes is more complex than in the general population. METHODS:The study protocol incl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000230122.91264.3f
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Stroke volume response to exercise depends on changes in cardiac filling, intrinsic myocardial contractility, and left ventricular afterload. The purpose of this study was to compare these responses during an upright cycle test performed until exhaustion in children and adults. METHODS:Stroke volume, cardiac o...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200203000-00012
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The prevalences of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol all decrease with increased levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether these reductions extend beyond contemporary guideline activity levels and whether fitness affects medication use independent of activity, remains unclear...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e318145b337
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Studies have shown that absolute intensity of physical activity is associated with reduced risk of preeclampsia. This analysis was performed to examine whether relative intensity may also be related to preeclampsia risk. METHODS:Using data from a case-control study conducted from 1998 to 2002, the authors asse...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000175862.41620.41
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Habitual running has been associated with reduced risk of cataract development in one prospective study. The purposes of the current analyses were to provide further evidence of this potentially important benefit of vigorous exercise and to test whether moderate exercise (e.g., walking) provides as significant ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31828121d0
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of increased protein intake on short-term decrements in endurance performance during a block of high-intensity training. METHODS:Trained male cyclists (VO(2max) = 64.2 ± 6.5 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) completed two 3-wk trials both divided equally into normal ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f684c9
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sprint-trained athletes demonstrate a remarkable ability to perform exercise which results in fatigue quickly. However, the mechanisms for these enhanced performance capabilities have not been fully elucidated. Elevation in glycolytic enzymes and increased fast-twitch fiber compositions which would result in an enhanc...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Strenuous exercise induces significant increases in cardiac biomarkers. However, it is still unclear whether this is caused by cardiomyocyte necrosis or secondary mechanisms such as ischemia, cardiac energy deficiency, increased inflammation, or renal dysfunction. METHODS:Therefore, we investigated cardia...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821b12eb
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate variability of sedentary behavior (SB) throughout a 7-d measurement period and to determine if <7 d of SB measurement would be comparable with the typical 7-d measurement period. METHODS:Retrospective data from Ball State University's Clinical Exercise Phy...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000828
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the classic physiological variables linked to endurance performance (VO2max, %VO2max at lactate threshold (LT), and running economy (RE)) with peak treadmill velocity (PTV) as predictors of performance in a 16-km time trial. METHODS:Seventeen healthy, well-trained distance runners (10 males and 7 fe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c0669d
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this investigation were to compare selected gait parameters characteristic of running without respiratory apparatus on a treadmill (NOR) with those displayed while wearing a mouthpiece-breathing valve apparatus (MP) and while wearing a respiratory face mask (MASK), and to compare the running economy (R...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes occurring in leukocyte levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total blood plasma antioxidant capacity (TAS) as a result of a marathon/half-marathon race. METHODS:Fourteen men participating in the Oslo Marathon 2000 and 8 women and 8 men participa...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000106168.12113.95
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The best sprint performances are usually reached between the ages of 20 and 30 yr; however, even in well-trained individuals, performance continues to decrease with age. Although this inevitable decrease in performance has been related to reductions in muscular force, velocity, and power capabilities, these mea...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001039
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Studies have shown that the classical sit-and-reach (CSR) test, the modified sit-and-reach (MSR), and the newly developed back-saver sit-and-reach (BS) test have poor criterion-related validity in estimating low-back flexibility but yielded moderate criterion-related validity in hamstring flexibility. The V sit...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200009000-00021
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The frequency of interruptions in sedentary time (sedentary breaks) is an aspect of sedentary behaviors that may be associated with metabolic health outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the change in the frequency of sedentary breaks during a 10-yr period from ages 5 to 15 yr. METHODS:The longitudin...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318245ca20
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity (PA) promotion among youth is a public health priority, and there is a need for robust surveillance systems to help support such initiatives. Existing youth PA self-report instruments that are used for surveillance lack information regarding the types and contexts of activity. Further, these i...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001562
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Oral L-arginine supplementation has been shown to improve treadmill time to exhaustion and resting insulin sensitivity in individuals with peripheral vascular disease and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Furthermore, L-citrulline supplementation increases plasma L-arginine concentration to a level higher than tha...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000210197.02576.da
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare training loads between men and women during 14 wk of British Army standard entry basic training. METHODS:Thirty-one male (mean ± SD: age, 21 ± 4 yr; height, 1.78 ± 0.08 m; mass, 77.1 ± 10.5 kg) and 28 female (age, 22 ± 4 yr; height, 1.65 ± 0.05 m; mass, 63.9 ± 8.9 kg) British Army recruits had exter...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001716
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Considering the different loading and training characteristics of the sports practiced during growth, it is important to specify and categorize the bone and soft tissue adaptations in adolescent athletes. This study aimed to categorize 10 different loading sports and a nonsport group and identify the difference...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002420
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). METHODS:A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinde...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002195
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) combined with electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on skeletal muscle mass and strength during a period of limb disuse. METHODS:Thirty healthy participants (22 ± 3 years; 23 ± 3 kg·m) were randomly assigned to either: control (CON; n=10), BFR alone (BFR...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002544
更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To provide evidence that lower-extremity muscle activity during running is tuned in response to the loading rate of the impact forces at heel-strike. METHODS:Six runners ran two 30-min trials per week for 4 wk. The trials tested two shoes which differed only in the material hardness of the midsole. The shoes w...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200209000-00021
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute aerobic exercise improves mood and activates the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in physically active individuals; however, both mood and eCB responses to exercise may vary based on habitual levels of physical activity. PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine eCB and mood responses to prescribed and preferred exercise...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001276
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The prevalence of allergy and asthma symptoms and asthma medication use, which has been extensively studied in elite athletes, has received little attention in recreational roadrunners. METHODS:A validated questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of allergy and asthma symptoms, the use of medication,...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000235357.31932.43
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
