Abstract：
:The ecologic study design is routinely used by epidemiologists in spite of its limitations. It is presently unknown how well the challenges of the design are dealt with in epidemiologic research. The purpose of this bibliometric review was to critically evaluate the characteristics, statistical methods, and reporting of results of modern cross-sectional ecologic papers. A search through 6 major epidemiology journals identified all cross-sectional ecologic studies published since January 1, 2000. A total of 125 articles met the inclusion requirements and were assessed via common evaluative criteria. It was found that a considerable number of cross-sectional ecologic studies use unreliable methods or contain statistical oversights; most investigators who adjusted their outcomes for age or sex did so improperly (64%), statistical validity was a potential issue for 20% of regression models, and simple linear regression was the most common analytic approach (31%). Many authors omitted important information when discussing the ecologic nature of their study (31%), the choice of study design (58%), and the susceptibility of their research to the ecological fallacy (49%). These results suggest that there is a need for an international set of guidelines that standardizes reporting on ecologic studies. Additionally, greater attention should be given to the relevant biostatistical literature.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Dufault B,Klar Ndoi
10.1093/aje/kwr241subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-15 00:00:00pages
1101-7issue
10eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256pii
kwr241journal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This longitudinal study examined the mortality and cancer experience of workers at the Gulf Oil refinery located in Port Arthur, Texas. The cohort was studied over a period of 41 years, from 1937 to 1978, and consisted of 16,880 employees, with an accumulation of 406,198 person-years; 4361 deaths were observed. Emphas...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113658
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in the ixodid dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus were found to occur at a rate of 19.7% with variation related to geographic and sociooccupational factors. A higher rate of infection was demonstrated in ticks removed from dogs associated with ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114292
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of most case-control studies have suggested a positive association between eating frequency and colorectal cancer risk. Because no prospective cohort studies have done so to date, the authors prospectively examined this association. In 1992, eating frequency was assessed in a cohort of 34,968 US men in the...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr363
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familial resemblance in the blood pressure response to sodium restriction in normotensive persons was investigated. Forty-four families of identical twin children participated in a sodium restriction (less than or equal to 75 meq/day) protocol for a period of 12 weeks. Subjects were residents of central Indiana, and t...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114719
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From July 1, 1980 to December 2, 1982, all individuals at autopsy at the University of Michigan Medical Center greater than or equal to 65 years of age and selected individuals less than 65 years of age were examined for neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Sections of the hippocampal, parahippocampal tempora...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113897
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For determination of the effects of weight variability on cardiovascular risk factors, a random community sample of 269 men and 361 women aged 25-74 years, drawn from the Stanford Five-City Project, was followed for up to 10 years (1979-1989). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and high density lipoprotein c...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117448
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tuberculosis genotyping data are frequently used to estimate the proportion of tuberculosis cases in a population that are attributable to recent transmission (RT). Multiple factors influence genotype-based estimates of RT and limit the comparison of estimates over time and across geographic units. Additionally, metho...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwv121
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all pregnant women be questioned concerning risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection and that those giving positive responses be serotested. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of those recommended questions among 692 parturient women ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114680
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P-450 1A1 gene (CYP1A1) may affect the relation between environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and breast cancer risk. The authors report results from a case-control study evaluating the potential effect of gen...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwh346
更新日期：2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In the Smokers and Nonsmokers Study, the authors investigated the feasibility of using random digit dialing telephone interviews to locate adults in the continental United States who were willing to provide DNA from buccal swabs through the mail. Interviews with 3,383 adults regarding their smoking-related behaviors (...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwf010
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between toenail selenium and breast cancer was studied in a prospective study on diet and cancer among 62,573 Dutch women aged 55-69 years that started in September 1986. The analysis was based on 355 breast cancer cases, detected during 3.3 years of follow-up (1986-1989), for whom selenium data were a...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117155
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) is related to risk of breast cancer in elderly women. This study investigated whether the level of breast cancer risk associated with BMD in women with a positive family history of breast cancer is different from that in women without a family history of br...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009554
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated independent effects of maternal and paternal age on risk of autism spectrum disorder. A case-cohort design was implemented using data from 10 US study sites participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. The 1994 birth co...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kwn250
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiology has a rich tradition in western New York State, beginning with the classic study by Austin Flint of a waterborne typhoid fever outbreak in North Boston in 1843. Other important investigations included the study of the Buffalo poliomyelitis epidemic of 1912, by Wade Hampton Frost, which provided a comprehe...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009215
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors utilize an analytic strategy that combines tree-based analyses with the method of Mantel-Haenszel to evaluate the association of 11 putative risk factors to spontaneous abortion by controlling for 19 potential confounders. Logistic regression is also used for comparison. The data for this study were collec...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008869
更新日期：1996-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cervical condyloma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are related to human papillomavirus infections, some of which may be involved in the etiology of cancer of the uterine cervix. This case-control study was designed to assess the relation of age at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, and cigaret...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114973
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unlike past breast cancer survival comparisons between Japan and the United States, a recent study in Hawaii showed that Japanese women did not retain their survival advantage over Caucasian women after adjustment was made for stage at diagnosis. To test whether this finding in Hawaii was due to the limited duration o...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114136
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare risk factor patterns in association with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. The data were collected from The Swedish Medical Birth Register and include all nulliparas aged 34 years or less who gave birth at the University Hospital of Uppsala, Sweden, duri...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009400
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between cervical carcinoma and vaginal douching was examined in a population-based case-control study conducted in the low-risk population of Utah between 1984 and 1987. The authors compared 266 cases of in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma with 408 group-matched controls by vaginal douching behavio...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115890
更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD) and total mortality are evaluated from death certificates in enumerated cohorts of 45-64-year old Japanese men in Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1965-1970), in Homolulu (1966-1970), and in the San Francisco area (1968-1972). Total mortality is highest in Japan with no consistent differenc...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112186
更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because the magnitude of tracking coefficients (i.e., stability coefficients and tracking for subjects at risk) greatly depends on the initial age of subjects, the number and spacing of longitudinal measurements, and the length of the total time period, it is difficult to compare tracking coefficients from different s...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009048
更新日期：1997-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, the focus of research on cardiovascular risk factors has broadened because of new data demonstrating benefits of low risk (i.e., favorable) levels of all major modifiable risk factors. Most data on low risk relate to coronary heart disease, not stroke. This population-based, 12-sample, Italian study (Progett...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kwj110
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in the United States have indicated that maternal first trimester smoking and infant transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) locus mutations are associated with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and that a synergistic effect of these two risk factors occurs. Based on a Danish case-control study of CL...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009799
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory processes are known to drive the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer disease, as well as all-cause mortality. Emerging research indicates that women who have a longer reproductive life span-roughly determined as the period from menarche to menopause or ...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwz266
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular morbidity has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution, although the relation between pollutants and sudden death from cardiac arrest has not been established. This study examined associations between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and fine PM (of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm, or PM(2...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwq217
更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine risk factors for Ewing's bone sarcoma, the authors interviewed mothers of 43 patients diagnosed between January 1978 and August 1986 and 193 controls in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, regarding medical and occupational history of parents and other factors related to the subjects and their immedia...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116265
更新日期：1992-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Whether caffeine consumption during pregnancy represents a fetal hazard remains uncertain. The authors report on a large prospective study designed to examine this question. In 1996-2000, 2,291 mothers with singleton livebirths in Connecticut and Massachusetts were evaluated after their first prenatal visit and were q...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwf220
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anthropometric characteristics, physical activity, and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, its subtypes, and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were evaluated in a prospective cohort study of 37,931 Iowa women who were aged 55-69 years at baseline in 1986. Through 1998, 261 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (137 di...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwf082
更新日期：2002-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There are few published examples of absolute risk estimated from epidemiologic data subject to censoring and competing risks with adjustment for multiple confounders. We present an example estimating the effect of injection drug use on 6-year risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) after initiation of combin...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1093/aje/kwu122
更新日期：2015-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Menstrual bleeding patterns are considered relevant indicators of reproductive health, though few studies have evaluated patterns among regularly menstruating premenopausal women. The authors evaluated self-reported bleeding patterns, incidence of spotting, and associations with reproductive hormones among 201 women i...
journal_title：American journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/aje/kwr356
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
