Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The attitudes held by clinical staff towards people who harm themselves, together with their knowledge about self-harm, are likely to influence their clinical practice and hence the experiences and outcomes of patients. Our aim was to systematically review the nature of staff attitudes towards people who engage in self-harm, including the factors that influence them, and the impact of training on attitudes, knowledge and behaviour of staff. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A comprehensive search for relevant studies was performed on six electronic databases. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full reports of studies, extracted data and gave each paper a quality rating. Qualitative and quantitative studies published in English were included. A total of 74 studies were included. Attitudes of general hospital staff, especially doctors, were largely negative, particularly towards individuals who repeatedly self-harm. Self-harm patients were viewed more negatively than other patients, except those abusing alcohol or drugs. Psychiatric staff in community and hospital settings displayed more positive attitudes than general hospital staff. Negative attitudes were more common among doctors than nursing staff although this was only true of general hospital staff. Active training led to consistent improvements in attitude and knowledge in all groups. CONCLUSIONS:Attitudes of general hospital staff towards self-harm patients are often negative, mirroring the experience of service users. Interventions can have a positive impact and improve the quality of patient care. LIMITATIONS:Included only English language publications.
journal_name
J Affect Disordjournal_title
Journal of affective disordersauthors
Saunders KE,Hawton K,Fortune S,Farrell Sdoi
10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.024subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
205-16issue
3eissn
0165-0327issn
1573-2517pii
S0165-0327(11)00496-4journal_volume
139pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether there is a difference in perceived social support (PSS) and related factors among college students from one- and multiple-child families was unclear. METHODS:We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study between October 2017 and February 2018, randomly selected college students with sibling...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.027
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) could play an important role in the pathophysiology of major depression (MDD). The aim of the present work was to evaluate the specific activity of the main peripheral antioxidant defences (superoxide dismutase--SOD and glutathione peroxidase--GPX) and the level of malondialdehy...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.022
更新日期:2012-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of occurrence of prepubertal mania is contingent on how much adherence to episodic disorder with separate periods of mania and depression is required. While manic symptoms superimposed on other psychiatric disorders is not uncommon, non-comorbid bipolar disorder is rare. A number of developmental, phenom...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00179-7
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is the 3rd source for burden worldwide according to the World Health Organization (WHO). This comes partly from unsatisfactory response rates after usual treatment, highlighting the need for early indicators such as early improvement of depressive symptoms to adapt treatment s...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.002
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Results from short-term treatment studies have demonstrated the efficacy of antidepressant medications for outpatients with early-onset chronic depression. However, scant data exists regarding the long-term outcome of these patients treated for this disorder. METHODS:The author conducted a one-year naturali...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00040-8
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low adherence to Mediterranean diet are frequent in major depression patients and have been separately related with prognosis. The aim of this study is to analyse their predictive power on major depression outcome, at 6 and 12 months. METHODS:273 Major depressive patien...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.064
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:China's HIV epidemic commenced in its agrarian provinces through contaminated commercial plasma donation centers and is now becoming a public health concern nationwide. Little is known of the psychiatric and substance use disorder characteristics of this population, or their impact on everyday function, empl...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.10.039
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various consequences including suicidal behaviours can arise in the aftermath of natural disasters. The aim of the present review was to systematically analyse the existing literature on the potential impact of natural disasters on suicidal behaviours. METHODS:A systematic search of English-language article...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.07.037
更新日期:2013-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine possible amygdala-prefrontal cortex functional connectivity abnormalities and to clarify the correlation of the abnormal connectivity with response to antidepressant medications. METHODS:We recruited 40 drug-naïve patients with first-epi...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.053
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to improve the classification of Bipolar II disorders, we have examined a consecutive series of 687 primary major depressives: 5.1% gave a past history of mania (Bipolar I), 13.7% met our operational criteria for hypomania (Bipolar II), and the remaining 81.2% were provisionally categorized as 'unipolar....
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(92)90044-7
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to elucidate the chemical pathology of mania one has to consider the pharmacology of the two most effective treatments for this illness: lithium and the neuroleptics. Some of the possible mechanisms of action of these drugs on catecholamine and indoleamine mechanisms are discussed. The majority of this a...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(85)90019-9
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) are two widely used instruments to screen patients for depression and anxiety. Comparable psychometric properties across different demographic and linguistic groups are necessary for multiple group comparison and internat...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.035
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of histamine into blood platelets of depressed patients, lithium-treated patients and controls was determined using radio-labelled histamine. All groups had significantly different mean accumulation rates: the depressives had the lowest, the controls had the highest while the lithium-treated patients ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(84)90033-8
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Panic disorder is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder that substantially impairs quality of life and psychosocial function. Panic disorder arises from neurobiological substrates and developmental factors that distinguish it from other anxiety disorders. Differential diagnosis between panic disorder and ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.027
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Slower and suboptimal decision making has been identified in adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Owing to the limited evidence on decision making in first-degree relatives, we aimed to investigate, whether alterations in decision making are present in young children at familial high risk of bipol...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.107
更新日期:2021-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depressive disorders affect approximately 18.8 million patients annually. Influenza, a preventable infectious disease, leads to 50 million new cases each year and up to 40,000 deaths annually. It is believed that depressive symptoms somatize and can lead to decreased immune function. This hypothesis has litt...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.12.037
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective adjuvant treatment for depression. Many patients with depression have comorbid anxiety symptoms. However, previous rTMS studies have focused on patients with depression, and often excluded comorbid anxiety. This real-world study aimed to inv...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.151
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Social phobia is among the most frequent psychiatric disorders and can be classified into two subtypes, nongeneralized and generalized. Whereas it significantly worsens the morbidity of comorbid substance abuse disorders, and it often is associated with reduced treatment responses, there is still lacking d...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2004.05.003
更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hypofolatemia can cause psychiatric disturbances of a depressive nature. Pregnancy and delivery are often associated with hypofolatemia. This study was conducted to determine if hypofolatemia at day 3 post partum is a risk factor for baby blues or post partum depression. To study this hypothesis, 131 post partum women...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(92)90081-g
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes an analysis of spouse concordance for major depression and for other depressive experiences. Respondents to a community survey of married men and women (N = 586 couples) completed a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule from which diagnoses of major depression and dysthymia were ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(93)90096-3
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Is it healthy to be chaotic? Recent studies have argued that mental disorders are associated with more orderly neural activities, corresponding to a less flexible functional system. These conclusions were derived from altered temporal complexity. However, the relationship between spatial complexity and healt...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.107
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transient DST non-suppression during disulfiram-treatment was fortuitously observed in a depressed patient. A disulfiram-potentiated DST (DSTd) was constructed by giving 800 mg disulfiram on the dexamethasone and postdexamethasone days. DST and DSTd were compared intraindividually in 21 patients and 14 controls. Disul...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0165-0327(93)90059-s
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the occurrence of menstrually-entrained mood cycling in women with treated bipolar disorder as compared to healthy controls, and to explore whether there is a specific effect of lamotrigine in dampening menstrually-entrained cyclicity of mood. METHODS:Observational comparison study of daily self-...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.040
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major depression (MD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe and potentially life-threating mood disorders whose etiology is to date not completely understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate protein synthesis post-transcriptionally by base-pairing to target gene mRNAs. Growing evidence indica...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.04.021
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Invariant item ordering (IIO) is defined as the extent to which items have the same ordering (in terms of item difficulty/severity - i.e. demonstrating whether items are difficult [rare] or less difficult [common]) for each respondent who completes a scale. IIO is therefore crucial for establishing a scale h...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.022
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizoaffective disorder is viewed as a heterogeneous diagnosis among psychotic illnesses. Different diagnostic systems differ in their definition with DSM (-IIIR, -IV, and -V) providing a narrower definition than RDC and ICD-10. It is unclear whether this difference is reflected in patient samples diagnosed...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.001
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic studies have been consistent that bipolar disorder type I (BPI) runs in families and that this familial aggregation is strongly influenced by genes. In a preliminary study, we proved that anxiety trait meets endophenotype criteria for BPI. METHODS:We assessed 619 individuals from the Central Valley ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.019
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic surveys consistently document high rates of untreated depression, yet why this unmet need exists is only partially understood. METHODS:We compared untreated depressed, treated depressed and "healthy" subjects on sociodemographic characteristics, need for treatment, and help-seeking attitudes u...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00116-5
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder (BD) patients show morphological abnormalities in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), which can be revealed by structure MRI (sMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) respectively. However, previous studies on BD mainly relied on separated analysis of single neuroimaging modality, and it...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.119
更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anger attacks, characterized by sudden episodes of intense anger with autonomic arousal, have been described in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study compared the prevalence and clinical significance of anger attacks in unipolar versus bipolar depression. METHODS:Using the questionnaire ...
journal_title:Journal of affective disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00451-2
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00