Abstract:
:The de novo purine biosynthetic enzymes 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide-ribonucleotide (AICAR) transformylase (EC 2.1.2.3), IMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.10) and glycineamide-ribonucleotide (GAR) synthetase (EC 2.1.2.2) are encoded by the purHD locus of Escherichia coli. The DNA sequence of this locus revealed two open reading frames encoding polypeptides of Mr 57,335 and 45,945 (GAR synthetase), respectively, that formed an operon. The DNA sequence, maxicell and complementation analyses all supported the concept that the Mr 57,335 polypeptide is the product of the purH gene and encodes a bifunctional protein containing both AICAR transformylase and IMP cyclohydrolase activities. The 5' end of the purHD mRNA was determined by primer extension mapping and contains two regions of dyad symmetry capable of forming 'hairpin' loops where the formation of the one would prevent the formation of the other but not vice versa. Regulation by the purR gene product was explained by the discovery of a purR binding site in the purHD control region.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Flannigan KA,Hennigan SH,Vogelbacker HH,Gots JS,Smith JMdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00605.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
381-92issue
3eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In '5'-translational blockage', significantly reduced yields of proteins are synthesized in Escherichia coli when consecutive low-usage codons are inserted near translation starts of messages (with reduced or no effect when these same codons are inserted downstream). We tested the hypothesis that ribosomes encounterin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5081871.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histidine kinases (HK) sense and transduce via phosphorylation events many intra- and extracellular signals in bacteria, archaea, slime moulds and plants. HK are also widespread in the fungal kingdom, but their precise roles in the regulation of physiological processes remain largely obscure. Expanding genomic resourc...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/mmi.12911
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The FNR protein in Escherichia coli is an O(2) sensor that modifies global gene expression to adapt the cell to anaerobic growth. Regulation of FNR involves continuous cycling of the protein between its active and inactive states under aerobic conditions without apparent function. This raises the question of what bene...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07437.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The translocation of the diphtheria toxin catalytic domain from the lumen of early endosomes into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells is an essential step in the intoxication process. We have previously shown that the in vitro translocation of the catalytic domain from the lumen of toxin pre-loaded endosomal vesicles to t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07159.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes FrvA (Lmo0641) is critical for virulence in the mouse model and is an ortholog of the Bacillus subtilis Fur- and PerR-regulated Fe(II) efflux P1B4 -type ATPase PfeT. Previously, FrvA was suggested to protect against heme toxicity. Here, we demonstrate that an frvA mutant is sensitive to iron int...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13368
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A locust within chromosome XIII of Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing four genes upregulated by osmotic stress has been characterized. Two of the genes, but not their osmotic induction, were already described: the DNA damage-inducible gene DDR48 and the protease inhibitor gene PAI3. The two novel genes encode a cytop...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17040653.x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent footprinting, sedimentation and neutron-scattering results obtained in vivo or on pre-translocation and post-translocation ribosomal complexes are integrated with cross-linking and immunoelectron microscopy information. It is proposed that the 30S subunit pulses during translocation and that its pre- and post-t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00378.x
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The export of large negatively charged capsular polysaccharides across the outer membrane represents a significant challenge to Gram negative bacteria. In the case of Escherichia coli group 2 capsular polysaccharides, the mechanism of export across the outer membrane was unknown, with no identified candidate outer mem...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.05010.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria survive harmful environmental stressors by modifying their outer membrane. Much of this protection is afforded upon remodeling of the lipid A region of the major surface molecule lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For example, the addition of cationic substituents, such as 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13018
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyadenylation is a universal post-transcriptional modification involved in degradation and quality control of bacterial RNAs. In Escherichia coli, it is admitted that any accessible RNA 3' end can be tagged by a poly(A) tail for decay. However, we do not have yet an overall view of the population of polyadenylated m...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07943.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei develops antigenic variation to escape the immune response of its host. To this end, the trypanosome genome contains multiple telomeric expression sites competent for transcription of variant surface glycoprotein genes, but as a rule only a single antigen is expressed at any t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01844.x
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crop destruction by the hemibiotrophic rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae requires plant defence suppression to facilitate extensive biotrophic growth in host cells before the onset of necrosis. How this is achieved at the genetic level is not well understood. Here, we report that a M. oryzae sirtuin, MoSir2, plays an e...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12743
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Gram-positive pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae exports through the Sec apparatus many extracellular proteins that include the key virulence factors diphtheria toxin and the adhesive pili. How these proteins attain their native conformations after translocation as unfolded precursors remains elusive. The fact t...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13172
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from most patients with peptic ulcer disease and adenocarcinoma express the vacuolating toxin VacA and contain a pathogenicity island named cag. The cag pathogenicity island codes for more than 40 putative proteins with features similar to bacterial secretion systems. One of these ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5831949.x
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin plays important roles in UV protection, oxidative stress and pathogenesis. However, knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of its biosynthesis is limited. Previous studies showed two transcription factors, PfmaF and PfmaH, located in the DHN melanin biosynthetic gene clust...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14281
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) elicit changes in host cell morphology and cause actin rearrangement, a phenotype that has commonly been referred to as attaching/effacing (AE) lesions. The ability of EPEC to induce AE lesions is dependent upon a type III protein secretion/translocation system that is encoded ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01655.x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The group A streptococcal emm-like genes, which encode the cell-surface M and M-like proteins, are divided into distinct mrp, emm and enn subdivisions and are clustered together in a region of the chromosome called the vir regulon. In order to understand the mechanisms involved in the evolution of emm-like genes, a 18...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02279.x
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of how obligate intracellular pathogens co-opt eukaryotic cellular functions has been limited by their intractability to genetic manipulation and by the abundance of pathogen-specific genes with no known functional homologues. In this report we describe a gene expression system to characterize protei...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05074.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of Escherichia coli with acetate elevates the acetylation level of the chemotaxis response regulator CheY. This elevation, in an unknown mechanism, activates CheY to generate clockwise rotation. Here, using quantitative selective reaction monitoring mass spectrometry and high-resolution targeted mass spect...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12858
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) of neutrophils is a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding antibacterial protein with specificity for Gram negative bacteria. BPI binding to the bacterial surface rapidly triggers potentially reversible bacterial growth inhibition and alterations of the outer membrane and, ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02804.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rpc25 is a strongly conserved subunit of RNA polymerase III with homology to Rpa43 in RNA polymerase I, Rpb7 in RNA polymerase II and the archaeal RpoE subunit. A central domain of Rpc25 can replaced the corresponding region of Rpb7 with little or no growth defect, underscoring the functional relatedness of these prot...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04375.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas in Bacillus subtilis, a general stress response stimulon under the control of a single sigma factor (SigB) is induced by different physiological and environmental stresses (heat, salt or ethanol shock), in Streptomyces coelicolor, these environmental stresses induce independent sets of proteins, and its genome...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03302.x
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione (GSH) is an abundant low-molecular-mass thiol which has been implicated in numerous cellular processes including protection against cytotoxic agents such as xenobiotics, carcinogens and free radicals. Utilization of GSH results in its conversion to the oxidized form (GSSG), and it is recycled to GSH by the...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.d01-1727.x
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The marine Gram-negative bacteria Rhodopirellula baltica and Oceanicaulis alexandrii have, in contrast to Escherichia coli, membrane insertases with extended positively charged C-terminal regions similar to the YidC homologues in mitochondria and Gram-positive bacteria. We have found that chimeric forms of E. coli Yid...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12465
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The S box transcription termination control system regulates expression of genes involved in methionine metabolism. Expression of the S box regulon, comprised of 11 transcriptional units in Bacillus subtilis, is induced in response to starvation for methionine. We previously demonstrated that S-adenosylmethionine (SAM...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04740.x
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The yeast Candida glabrata rapidly autoactivates transcription of the AMT1 gene in response to potentially toxic copper levels through the copper-inducible binding of the Amt1 transcription factor to a metal response element (MRE) within a positioned nucleosome. Our previous studies have characterized the role of a 16...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02458.x
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reversible phase variation between the rugose and smooth colony variants is predicted to be important for the survival of Vibrio cholerae in natural aquatic habitats. Microarray expression profiling studies of the rugose and smooth variants of the same strain led to the identification of 124 differentially regulated g...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04154.x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal ribotoxins, such as mitogillin and the related Aspergillus toxins restrictocin and alpha-sarcin, are highly specific ribonucleases, which inactivate the ribosome enzymatically by cleaving the eukaryotic 28S RNA of the large ribosomal subunit at a single phosphodiester bond. The site of cleavage occurs between G...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00987.x
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wolinella succinogenes can grow by anaerobic respiration with nitrate or nitrite using formate as electron donor. Two forms of nitrite reductase were isolated from the membrane fraction of W. succinogenes. One form consisted of a 58 kDa polypeptide (NrfA) that was identical to the periplasmic nitrite reductase. The ot...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01742.x
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability for light sensing is found from bacteria to humans but relies only on a small number of evolutionarily conserved photoreceptors. A large number of fungi react to light, mostly to blue light. Aspergillus nidulans also responds to red light using a phytochrome light sensor, FphA, for the control of hundreds ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13062
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00