Abstract:
:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces transient or persistent dysfunction of gait and balance. Enhancement of cholinergic transmission has been reported to accelerate recovery of cognitive function after TBI, but the effects of this intervention on locomotor activity remain largely unexplored. The hypothesis that enhancement of cholinergic function by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) improves locomotion following TBI was tested in Sprague-Dawley male rats after a unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury of the motor-sensory cortex. Locomotion was tested by time to fall on the constant speed and accelerating Rotarod, placement errors and time to cross while walking through a horizontal ladder, activity monitoring in the home cages, and rearing behavior. Assessments were performed the 1st and 2nd day and the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd week after TBI. The AChE inhibitor physostigmine hemisulfate (PHY) was administered continuously via osmotic minipumps implanted subcutaneously at the rates of 1.6-12.8 μmol/kg/day. All measures of locomotion were impaired by TBI and recovered to initial levels between 1 and 3 weeks post-TBI, with the exception of the maximum speed achievable on the accelerating Rotarod, as well as rearing in the open field. PHY improved performance in the accelerating Rotarod at 1.6 and 3.2 μmol/kg/day (AChE activity 95 and 78% of control, respectively), however, higher doses induced progressive deterioration. No effect or worsening of outcomes was observed at all PHY doses for home cage activity, rearing, and horizontal ladder walking. Potential benefits of cholinesterase inhibition on locomotor function have to be weighed against the evidence of the narrow range of useful doses.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Holschneider DP,Guo Y,Roch M,Norman KM,Scremin OUdoi
10.1089/neu.2011.1978subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
1909-19issue
9eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Adequate nutritional support is a major challenge in brain injury patients, because malnutrition cannot be reversed by standard enteral nutrition. We hypothesized that an oligomeric formula could improve nutritional status by restoring intestinal trophicity. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-330 g) underwent gast...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2707
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noise exposure is known to induce cell death signaling in the cochlea. Since c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling is known to induce both cell survival and apoptosis, the present study focused on early changes (within 24 h) after impulse noise exposure, inquiring whether cell death is always related to phosphorylat...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2007.0346
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study created a framework incorporating provider perspectives of best practices for early psychosocial intervention to improve caregiver experiences and outcomes after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). A purposive sample of 23 healthcare providers from the emergency, intensive care, and acute care de...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7323
更新日期:2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Preliminary evidence has shown that intracerebral hemorrhages, either spontaneous (sICH) or traumatic (tICH) often expand over time. An association between hemorrhage expansion and clinical outcomes has been described for sICH. The intent of this prospective, observational study was to characterize the tempor...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/neu.2007.0385
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to present results from methodologies used in our laboratory that are targeted toward identifying specific brain injury thresholds. Results from studying one form of brain injury, diffuse axonal injury, are presented in this report. Physical models, or surrogates, of the skull-brain comple...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.689
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although sleep-wake disturbances are prevalent and well described after traumatic brain injury, their pathophysiology remains unclear, most likely because human traumatic brain injury is a highly heterogeneous entity that makes the systematic study of sleep-wake disturbances in relation to trauma-induced histological ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5067
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the modes of cerebrovascular pressure transmission during cerebral vasodilation induced by hypercapnic challenge were examined as a means for developing the basis for a bedside method to evaluate regulation of cerebral blood flow. Recordings of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and intracranial pressure (ICP) o...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0129
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) disrupts hippocampal function and can lead to long-lasting episodic memory impairments. The encoding of episodic memories relies on spatial information processing within the hippocampus. As the primary entry point for spatial information into the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus is tho...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5350
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the utility of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) and the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) as tools for the screening and monitoring of Service members (SMs) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in a deployed setting during the acute and subacute phases of recovery. Patient records (N = 699...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4060
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and the correlation of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum levels to the severity of traumatic brain injury in rats. Sixty-five male Wistar rats were subjected to severe cortical impact injury (100 PSI, 2 mm deformation). Blood samples were drawn directly after ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501300227378
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates massive disturbances in Ca2+ concentrations in the brain that may contribute to neuronal damage. Intracellular Ca2+ may be elevated via influx through voltage-operated cation channels, ligand-gated ionotropic channels, and store-operated cation channels (SOCs). In th...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.83
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative gait measurements can identify persistent postconcussion impairments. However, their prognostic utility after injury to identify the likelihood of prolonged concussion symptoms remains unknown. Our objective was to examine if dual-task gait performance measures are independently associated with persistent...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5191
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human head trauma is frequently associated with respiratory problems resulting in secondary hypoxic insult. To document the behavioral consequences of secondary hypoxia in an established model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), intubated anesthetized animals were subjected to fluid percussion (FP) injury (1.87-2.17 atm)...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1999.16.1035
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury can have a range of debilitating effects, permanently impacting a patient's quality of life. Initially thought to be an immune privileged site, the spinal cord is able to mount a timely and well organized inflammatory response to injury. Intricate immune cell interactions are triggered, typically co...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3429
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated that measures of altered metabolism and axonal injury can be detected following traumatic brain injury. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the distributions of altered image parameters obtained by thes...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3505
更新日期:2015-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Closed head injury often has a devastating outcome, partly because the insult, like other injuries to the central nervous system (CNS), triggers self-destructive processes. During studies of the response to other CNS insults, it was unexpectedly discovered that the immune system, if well controlled, provides protectio...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771503767168483
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of death in younger age groups. In Umeå, Sweden, an intracranial pressure (ICP) targeted therapy protocol, the Lund concept, has been used in treatment of severe TBI since 1994. Decompressive craniectomy is used as a protocol-guided treatment step. The pri...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2005.356E
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) V1 receptors are known to mediate brain edema formation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). So far, however, AVP V1 receptors were only inhibited by genetic deletion or prior to trauma. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the therapeutic window of AVP V1 receptor antagonization a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4514
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the priorities of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) can assist in choosing research priorities that will ultimately improve their quality of life. This systematic review examined studies that directly surveyed people with SCI to ascertain their health priorities and life domains of importance. Twen...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2226
更新日期:2012-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic ischemia appears to be largely responsible for the extension of lesions in acute injury of the spinal cord. In the present study, we have evaluated the putative improvement of axonal function by the calcium channel blocker nimodipine after acute trauma of the spinal cord. Three techniques were used: (1) ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1993.10.201
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anatomical studies of spinal cord injury (SCI) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) report diverging observations, from "no changes" to "tissue atrophy in motor and non-motor regions." These discrepancies among studies can be attributed to heterogeneity in extent, level, and post-injury duration observed within the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6040
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem causing disability and death worldwide. There is no effective treatment, due in part to the complexity of the injury pathology and factors affecting its outcome. The extent of brain injury depends on the type of insult, age, sex, lifestyle, genetic risk factors, s...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6955
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for the vast majority of all pediatric TBI. An important minority of children who have suffered an mTBI have enduring cognitive and emotional symptoms. However, the mechanisms of chronic symptoms in children with pediatric mTBI are not fully understood. This is in part due t...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6417
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients frequently experience emotion dysregulation symptoms, including post-traumatic stress. Although mTBI likely affects cortical activation and structure, resulting in cognitive symptoms after mTBI, early effects of mTBI on cortical emotion processing circuits have rarely been e...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4392
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The lack of effective therapies for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) leaves patients with lifelong disabilities. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have demonstrated great promise for neural repair and regeneration. However, direct evidence to support their use as a cell replacement therapy for neural injuries...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6443
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::How effectively the survivor of CNS trauma can function in society is the ultimate clinical outcome. Many victims of spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently left with permanent impairment. Measurements of impairment, and the direct relationship to the functional loss and resultant disa...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is the most devastating type of traumatic brain injury. Development of coagulopathy in the acute setting of PBI, though common, remains of unclear significance as does its reversal. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between coagulopathy and clinical presentation, r...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7422
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid percussion (FP) brain injury causes spatial memory dysfunction in rats regardless of injury location (midline vs. lateral). Standard histological analysis of the injured brains shows hippocampal neuronal loss after lateral, but not midline FP injury. We have used the optical volume fractionator (OVF) stereologic...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771503770195786
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to assess the utility and effectiveness of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of the entire pediatric cervical and thoracic spinal cord toward discrimination of typically developing (TD) controls and subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI). A total of 43 pedi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5174
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Yet, despite immense research efforts, treatment options remain elusive. Translational failures in TBI are often attributed to the heterogeneity of the TBI population and limited methods to capture these individual variabilities. Advances in mach...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7357
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00