Metal ion-responsive transgenic Xenopus laevis as an environmental monitoring animal.

Abstract:

:We generated germ line-transgenic Xenopus laevis that monitors environmental heavy metal ions. Sperm nuclei were transduced with cDNA of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) driven by murine metallothionein-1 gene promoters and were microinjected into unfertilized eggs. The eggs developed to sexually matured adults. The transgenic tadpoles at the premetamorphic stage were reared in water containing Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) separately at the concentrations of 0.38-1.52 and 0.09-0.44 μM, respectively. These animals responded to Zn(2+) at as low as 0.38 μM and Cd(2+) at as low as 0.44 μM. The level of EGFP fluorescence emitted by tadpoles increased as the concentration increased up to 1.52 μM and the exposure time prolonged up to 120 h. The fluorescent response was much more sensitive to Cd(2+) than to Zn(2+). We concluded that these transgenic tadpoles are useful as an animal indicator of environmental heavy metal ions.

authors

Oofusa K,Tooi O,Kashiwagi A,Kashiwagi K,Kondo Y,Obara M,Yoshizato K

doi

10.1016/S1382-6689(03)00003-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2003-04-01 00:00:00

pages

153-9

issue

3

eissn

1382-6689

issn

1872-7077

pii

S1382-6689(03)00003-6

journal_volume

13

pub_type

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