Sex ratios, size distributions, and sexual dimorphism in the dioecious tree Ilex aquifolium (Aquifoliaceae).

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The ecological and evolutionary significance of natural epigenetic variation (i.e., not based on DNA sequence variants) variation will depend critically on whether epigenetic states are transmitted from parents to offspring, but little is known on epigenetic inheritance in nonmodel plants. METHODS...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Herrera CM,Alonso C,Medrano M,Pérez R,Bazaga P

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is often suggested that traits will be integrated, either because of pleiotropy or because natural selection may favor suites of integrated traits. Plant responses to different environments can provide evidence of such integration. We grew Mercurialis annua plants in high-density stands in high irradiance, in neutr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sleeman JD,Dudley SA,Pannell JR,Barrett SC

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many plant species are characterized by a life cycle with a long-lived, subterranean phase that is completely dependent on mycorrhizal fungal symbionts for fixed carbon. This type of life cycle is both phylogenetically and ecologically widespread and is found in diverse vascular plant lineages from the tropics to suba...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Winther JL,Friedman WE

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Medullary bundles, i.e., vascular units in the pith, have evolved multiple times in vascular plants. However, no study has ever explored their anatomical diversity and evolution within a phylogenetic framework. Here, we investigated the development of the primary vascular system within Nyctaginaceae showing how...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： da Cunha Neto IL,Pace MR,Douglas NA,Nee MH,de Sá CFC,Moore MJ,Angyalossy V

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic relationships of eight species of Saintpaulia H. Wendl., 19 species of Streptocarpus Lindl. (representing all major growth forms within the genus), and two outgroups (Haberlea rhodopensis Friv., Chirita spadiciformis W. T. Wang) were examined using comparative nucleotide sequences from the two internal tr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Moller M,Cronk Q

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Functional trait plasticity in resource capture traits has been suggested as an underlying mechanism promoting invasive species establishment and spread. Earlier studies on this mechanism treat invasiveness as a discrete characteristic (i.e., invasive vs. noninvasive) and do not consider the potent...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Murphy JE,Burns JH,Fougère-Danezan M,Drenovsky RE

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic relationships of 38 species of the Alibertia group (Rubiaceae) and two outgroup species were investigated using the nuclear ribosomal 5S nontranscribed spacer (5S-NTS) and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS). Analysis of the data sets separately and in combination resulted in several well-supported and...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Persson C

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their ecological significance, parasitic plants face more conservation challenges than do autotrophic plants. This is especially true for the groups that include weedy or invasive species such as Cuscuta. While approximately half of the Cuscuta (dodders) species may require conservation measures, the genus as ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Costea M,Stefanovic S

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed mass is considered to be the least plastic component of reproductive yield. Yet, in invasive populations of garlic mustard, Alliaria petiolata, seed mass was highly variable (eightfold among populations, 2.5-7.5 fold within populations, two-threefold within individuals, and 1.4-1.8 fold within fruits). Variation ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Susko DJ,Lovett-Doust L

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hollow stem of Equisetum giganteum owes its mechanical stability to an outer ring of strengthening tissue, which provides stiffness and strength in the longitudinal direction, but also to an inner lining of turgid parenchyma, which lends resistance to local buckling. With a height >2.5 m isolated stems are mechani...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Spatz H,Köhler L,Speck T

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of developmental stability can provide insights into the amount of genetic or environmental stress experienced by individuals or populations. In the present study, we used young plants of Acer platanoides (Norway maple) and Betula pendula (silver birch), two distantly related tree species with widely different...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Black-Samuelsson S,Andersson S

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces stem and initiates leaves. Its structure is maintained despite a continuous flow of cells basipetally from the distal portion of the meristem. The apoplasm and symplasm are the obvious means of cell integration, and their role in chemical cell-to-cell signaling is known. Howeve...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Kwiatkowska D

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant xylem must balance efficient delivery of water to the canopy against protection from air entry into the conduits via air-seeding. We investigated the relationship between tracheid allometry, end wall pitting, safety from air-seeding, and the hydraulic efficiency of conifer wood in order to better understand the ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Pittermann J,Sperry JS,Hacke UG,Wheeler JK,Sikkema EH

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite the ecological, economic, and cultural importance of the palm Mauritia flexuosa in Amazonia, knowledge of its reproductive biology is scarce. Previous observations of this species suggested beetles as the probable pollinator, but experimental work to confirm this hypothesis was...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Khorsand Rosa R,Koptur S

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Phylogenetic incongruence between "gene trees" and "species trees" has been widely acknowledged in phylogenetic research. Conflicts may emerge from several processes including paralogy, hybridization, and incomplete lineage sorting. Although phylogenetic incongruence appears common, its impact on m...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Zhang Q,Feild TS,Antonelli A

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:• Premise of the study: Tropical forests are the most species-rich terrestrial communities on Earth, and understory trees and shrubs comprise a large fraction of their plant species diversity, especially at high rainfalls. The mechanisms responsible for generating such high levels of diversity remain unknown. One hypo...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Theim TJ,Shirk RY,Givnish TJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of a large-insert genomic clone, BAC 22B2, previously suggested that Sorghum bicolor (2n = 20) has the tetraploid architecture A(b)A(b)B(b)B(b). Here, we report on BAC 22B2 subclone pCEN38 (1047-bp insert) as related to sorghum and sugarcane. Mitotic FISH of six different subc...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Zwick MS,Islam-Faridi MN,Zhang HB,Hodnett GL,Gomez MI,Kim JS,Price HJ,Stelly DM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Tea Unigene-derived MicroSatellite (TUGMS) markers were identified from the publicly available EST data in Camellia sinensis for characterization and future genome mapping studies in tea. METHODS AND RESULTS:One hundred twelve novel TUGMS markers were identified from 4356 unigenes derived by clust...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sharma H,Kumar R,Sharma V,Kumar V,Bhardwaj P,Ahuja PS,Sharma RK

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tribe Macadamieae (91 spp., 16 genera; Proteaceae) is widespread across the southern hemisphere on all major fragments of Gondwana except New Zealand and India. Macadamia is cultivated outside its natural range as a "nut" crop (notably in Hawaii, where it is the principal orchard crop). We sampled seven DNA regions an...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mast AR,Willis CL,Jones EH,Downs KM,Weston PH

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior field studies have shown that populations of forest herbs on relatively nutrient poor soils have higher vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) infection intensity than plants on rich soils. However, the growth responses and ability to take up P against the soil nutrient gradient are often not linearly related to...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Boerner REJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite primers were developed in the introduced shrub Rhamnus cathartica L., to investigate potential hybridization events with related taxa as a stimulus of invasive spread. • METHODS AND RESULTS:Using a non-radioactive protocol, 15 primer sets were identified in North Americ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Culley TM,Stewart JR

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:This paper investigates the occurrence and evolution of aluminum (Al) accumulation within ferns and lycophytes, which is characterized by Al concentrations above 1000 mg·kg-1 in aboveground plant tissues. We hypothesize that this feature is more common in ferns than in angiosperms, and potentially ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Schmitt M,Mehltreter K,Sundue M,Testo W,Watanabe T,Jansen S

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Factors shaping spatiotemporal patterns of associations in mutualistic systems are poorly understood. We used the lichen-forming fungi Peltigera and their cyanobacterial partners Nostoc to investigate the spatial structure of this symbiosis at an intrabiome scale and to identify potential factors s...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lu J,Magain N,Miadlikowska J,Coyle JR,Truong C,Lutzoni F

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Most plants interact with mycorrhizal fungi and animal pollinators simultaneously. Yet, whether mycorrhizae affect traits important to pollination remains poorly understood and may depend on the match between host and fungal genotypes. Here, we examined how ericoid mycorrhizal fungi affected flowering phenology...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Brody AK,Waterman B,Ricketts TH,Degrassi AL,González JB,Harris JM,Richardson LL

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biogeographical studies of lichens used to be complicated because of the large distribution ranges of many species. Molecular systematics has revitalized lichen biogeography by improving species delimitation and providing better information about species range limitations. This study focuses on the major clade of trop...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Divakar PK,Lumbsch HT,Ferencova Z,Del Prado R,Crespo A

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate estimates of inbreeding depression are necessary in order to predict the evolutionary dynamics of a population, but many studies estimate inbreeding depression based solely on components of female function such as fruit set, seed set, and seed quality. Because total fitness is achieved through both male and f...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hayes CN,Winsor JA,Stephenson AG

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many characteristics of plants and animals scale with body size as described by allometric equations of the form Y = βM(α), where Y is an attribute of the organism, β is a coefficient that varies with attribute, M is a measure of organism size, and α is another constant, the scaling exponent. In current models, the fr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Koontz TL,Petroff A,West GB,Brown JH

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propagule banks are assumed to be able to store considerable genetic variability. Bryophyte populations are expected to rely more heavily on stored propagules than those of seed plants due to the vulnerability of the haploid gametophyte. This reliance has important implications for the genetic structure and evolutiona...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hock Z,Szövényi P,Schneller JJ,Tóth Z,Urmi E

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent study (American Journal of Botany 97: 730-737), we described the first case of a tripartite association in natural conditions among a holoparasitic plant (Cytinus), its host Cistaceae species, and mycorrhizal fungi at an anatomical level. In a letter to the editor, Brundrett (American Journal of Botany 98:...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： de Vega C,Arista M,Ortiz PL,Talavera S

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Taxonomical classification of higher fungi remains an important challenge and can benefit from the application of molecular analysis. We propose that the ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal taxa might include a number of cryptic species because there are few morphological characteristics useful for distinguishing among these ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sato H,Yumoto T,Murakami N

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00