Paracrine and endocrine effects of adipose tissue on cancer development and progression.

abstract：:Rapid effects of steroid hormones result from the actions of specific receptors localized most often to the plasma membrane. Fast-acting membrane-initiated steroid signaling (MISS) leads to the modification of existing proteins and cell behaviors. Rapid steroid-triggered signaling through calcium, amine release, and k...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Hammes SR,Levin ER

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Teeth are mineralized organs composed of three unique hard tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum, and supported by the surrounding alveolar bone. Although odontogenesis differs from osteogenesis in several respects, tooth mineralization is susceptible to similar developmental failures as bone. Here we discuss conditio...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Foster BL,Nociti FH Jr,Somerman MJ

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major goal of this review is to summarize recent exciting findings that have been published within the past 10 years that, to our knowledge, have not been presented in detail in previous reviews and that may impact altered follicular development in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and premature ovarian failure i...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Richards JS,Ren YA,Candelaria N,Adams JE,Rajkovic A

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iodine deficiency has multiple adverse effects in humans, termed iodine deficiency disorders, due to inadequate thyroid hormone production. Globally, it is estimated that 2 billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake, and South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are particularly affected. However, about 50% of Eur...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Zimmermann MB

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In human beings, two forms of GnRH, termed GnRH-I and GnRH-II, encoded by separate genes have been identified. Although these hormones share comparable cDNA and genomic structures, their tissue distribution and regulation of gene expression are significantly dissimilar. The actions of GnRH are mediated by the GnRH rec...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Cheng CK,Leung PC

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The secretion of glucocorticoids (GCs) is a classic endocrine response to stress. Despite that, it remains controversial as to what purpose GCs serve at such times. One view, stretching back to the time of Hans Selye, posits that GCs help mediate the ongoing or pending stress response, either via basal levels of GCs p...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Sapolsky RM,Romero LM,Munck AU

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bile acids derived from cholesterol and oxysterols derived from cholesterol and bile acid synthesis pathways are signaling molecules that regulate cholesterol homeostasis in mammals. Many nuclear receptors play pivotal roles in the regulation of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism. Bile acids activate the farnesoid X...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Chiang JY

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin signaling plays a physiological role in traditional insulin target tissues controlling glucose homeostasis as well as in pancreatic β-cells and in the endothelium. Insulin signaling abnormalities may, therefore, be pathogenic for insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, endothelial dysfunction, and even...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Prudente S,Sesti G,Pandolfi A,Andreozzi F,Consoli A,Trischitta V

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogens are essential for normal reproductive function. In addition, they exert important, complex, and diverse nonreproductive actions on multiple tissues. Although accumulating evidence from basic science studies using animal models suggests that estradiol plays a critical neuroprotective role against multiple typ...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Wise PM,Dubal DB,Rau SW,Brown CM,Suzuki S

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent identification of new selenocysteine-containing proteins has revealed relationships between the two trace elements selenium (Se) and iodine and the hormone network. Several selenoproteins participate in the protection of thyrocytes from damage by H(2)O(2) produced for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Iodothyronine...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Köhrle J,Jakob F,Contempré B,Dumont JE

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the TGF-beta superfamily, which includes TGF-betas, growth differentiation factors, bone morphogenetic proteins, activins, inhibins, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, are synthesized as prepropeptide precursors and then processed and secreted as homodimers or heterodimers. Most ligands of the...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Chang H,Brown CW,Matzuk MM

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that GH is important in the regulation of longitudinal bone growth. Its role in the regulation of bone metabolism in man has not been understood until recently. Several in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that GH is important in the regulation of both bone formation and bone resorption. In ...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Ohlsson C,Bengtsson BA,Isaksson OG,Andreassen TT,Slootweg MC

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human parturition is a complex process involving interactions between the myometrium and signals derived from the placenta, fetal membranes, and fetus. Signals originating from fetal membranes are crucial components that trigger parturition, which is clearly illustrated by the labor-initiating consequence of membrane ...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Wang W,Chen ZJ,Myatt L,Sun K

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans and other mammalian species, the pool of resting primordial follicles serves as the source of developing follicles and fertilizable ova for the entire length of female reproductive life. One question that has intrigued biologists is: what are the mechanisms controlling the activation of dormant primordial fo...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Adhikari D,Liu K

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review presents a comprehensive discussion of the clinical condition of delayed puberty, a common presentation to the pediatric endocrinologist, which may present both diagnostic and prognostic challenges. Our understanding of the genetic control of pubertal timing has advanced thanks to active investigation in t...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Howard SR,Dunkel L

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excess body weight is associated not only with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) but also with various types of malignancies. Adiponectin, the most abundant protein secreted by adipose tissue, exhibits insulin-sensitizing, antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, proapoptotic, and antipro...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Dalamaga M,Diakopoulos KN,Mantzoros CS

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut hormones signal to the central nervous system to influence energy homeostasis. Evidence supports the existence of a system in the gut that senses the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract and signals to the brain via neural and endocrine mechanisms to regulate short-term appetite and satiety. Recent evide...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Murphy KG,Dhillo WS,Bloom SR

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations of biological programs that are controlled by gene transcription have mainly studied the regulation of transcription factors. However, there are examples in which the primary focus of biological regulation is at the level of a transcriptional coactivator. We have reviewed here the molecular mechanisms a...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Puigserver P,Spiegelman BM

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that the organ damage that complicates human diabetes is caused by prolonged hyperglycemia, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which high levels of glucose cause tissue damage in humans are still not fully understood. The prevalent hypothesis explaining the mechanisms that may underlie...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Ghosh P,Sahoo R,Vaidya A,Chorev M,Halperin JA

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relaxin has vital physiological roles in pregnant rats, mice, and pigs. Relaxin promotes growth and softening of the cervix, thus facilitating rapid delivery of live young. Relaxin also promotes development of the mammary apparatus, thus enabling normal lactational performance. The actions of relaxin on the mammary ap...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Sherwood OD

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent, rapid changes in the treatment of type 1 diabetes have allowed for commercialization of an "artificial pancreas" that is better described as a closed-loop controller of insulin delivery. This review presents the current state of closed-loop control systems and expected future developments with a discussion of ...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Lal RA,Ekhlaspour L,Hood K,Buckingham B

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors (COUP-TFs) belong to the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Cloning of their cDNAs demonstrated the existence of two distinct but related genes: COUP-TFI (EAR-3, NR2F1) and COUP-TFII (ARP-1, NR2F2). They are referred to as orphan receptors because li...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Lin FJ,Qin J,Tang K,Tsai SY,Tsai MJ

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of myostatin and our introduction to the "Mighty Mouse" over a decade ago spurred both basic and applied research and impacted popular culture as well. The myostatin-null genotype produces "double muscling" in mice and livestock and was recently described in a child. The field's rapid growth is by no mea...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Rodgers BD,Garikipati DK

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune checkpoints are small molecules expressed by immune cells that play critical roles in maintaining immune homeostasis. Targeting the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) with inhibitory antibodies has demonstrated effective and durable antitumor ac...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Chang LS,Barroso-Sousa R,Tolaney SM,Hodi FS,Kaiser UB,Min L

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, ovarian tissue cryopreservation has rapidly developed as a successful method for preserving the fertility of girls and young women with cancer or benign conditions requiring gonadotoxic therapy, and is now becoming widely recognized as an effective alternative to oocyte and embryo freezing when not fe...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Grosbois J,Devos M,Demeestere I

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells from the chorionic girdle of the equine trophoblast invade the maternal endometrium at day 36 of gestation and become established as secretory elements known as the endometrial cups. These structures, which persist for 40-60 days, produce a gonadotropin which can be found in circulation until about day 130 of ge...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Murphy BD,Martinuk SD

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast cancer, the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American women, varies substantially in incidence and mortality according to race and ethnicity in the United States. Although the overall incidence of breast cancer among African-American (AA) women is lower than in white American women, this can...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Rose DP,Haffner SM,Baillargeon J

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Substantial advances have been made recently in the pathobiology of pituitary tumors. Similar to many other endocrine tumors, over the last few years we have recognized the role of germline and somatic mutations in a number of syndromic or nonsyndromic conditions with pituitary tumor predisposition. These include the ...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Srirangam Nadhamuni V,Korbonits M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pelvic endometriosis is a complex syndrome characterized by an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory process that affects primarily pelvic tissues, including the ovaries. It is caused when shed endometrial tissue travels retrograde into the lower abdominal cavity. Endometriosis is the most common cause of chronic pe...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Bulun SE,Yilmaz BD,Sison C,Miyazaki K,Bernardi L,Liu S,Kohlmeier A,Yin P,Milad M,Wei J

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hox genes have a well-characterized role in embryonic development, where they determine identity along the anteroposterior body axis. Hox genes are expressed not only during embryogenesis but also in the adult, where they are necessary for functional differentiation. Despite the known function of these genes as transc...

journal_title：Endocrine reviews

authors： Daftary GS,Taylor HS

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00