Abstract：
BACKGROUND:To describe the prescription patterns of analgesics during the last 3 months of life in lung cancer and to determine the associated factors. METHODS:Data on lung cancer patients (N=10,202) who died during 2000-2008 were extracted from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD). This database records prescriptions of patients received from UK general practices (GP), but not those from non-GP routes. Prescription prevalences were estimated. The associated factors were investigated using log-binomial regression. RESULTS:The overall prescription prevalences were 50.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 49.4-51.4%) for level 1 (e.g., paracetamol), 34.1% (95% CI: 33.2-35.0%) for level 2 (weak opioids), and 55.5 % (95% CI: 54.5-56.4%) for level 3 analgesics (strong opioids). Prescription prevalence of analgesics of all levels showed an increasing trend over the period 2000-2008 (annual increases range: 1.1-1.5%) but a decreasing trend with age (average decrease per group range: -5.8 to -1.8%). Patients in the older age groups were less likely to be prescribed level 3 analgesics than those in the younger age groups (PR('90+' vs '<50')=0.55 (95% CI: 0.45-0.67); PR('80-89' vs '<50')=0.73 (95% CI: 0.66-0.79); PR('70-79' vs '<50')=0.84 (95% CI: 0.77-0.90)). CONCLUSION:Analgesics have been increasingly prescribed in lung cancer. However, analgesics, especially at level 3, were relatively under-prescribed to people older than 70 years, warranting further investigation.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Gao W,Gulliford M,Higginson IJdoi
10.1038/bjc.2011.150subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-24 00:00:00pages
1704-10issue
11eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827pii
bjc2011150journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:This Phase Ib dose-escalating study investigated safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), pharmacokinetics (PK) and clinical antitumour activity of tosedostat (CHR-2797), an orally bioavailable aminopeptidase inhibitor, in combination with paclitaxel. METHODS:A total of 22 patient...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605917
更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Counter-irritation (CI) triggered by different non-specific irritant stimuli delayed the growth of a murine tumour of non-detected immunogenicity. The syngeneic LB tumour transplant by itself also induced CI and decreased the number of leukocytes migrating to a secondary s.c. irritant stimulus, e.g. sponge or carragee...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1989.349
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxygen is an essential regulator of cellular metabolism, survival, and proliferation. Cellular responses to oxygen levels are monitored, in part, by the transcriptional activity of the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs). Under hypoxia, HIFs regulate a variety of pro-angiogenic and pro-glycolysis pathways. In solid cance...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605551
更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Necdin (NDN) expression is downregulated in telomerase-immortalised normal human urothelial cells. Telomerase-immortalised normal human urothelial cells have no detected genetic alterations. Accordingly, many of the genes whose expression is altered following immortalisation are those for which epigenetic si...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2013.104
更新日期：2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) regimen as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. METHODS:Seventy-three patients with T2-T4 or N+ were enroled. Preoperative chemotherapy consisted of three cycles of mFOLFOX6. The primary end points were the response ra...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2016.126
更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Three hundred and ninety women participated in the quality of life (QL) study of ACCOG1, a high-dose vs conventional adjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer trial, for patients with a high risk of relapse. Patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30, questions on menopausal sy...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6603454
更新日期：2006-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Efficacy and safety are the two considerations when characterising the effects of a new therapy. We sought to apply an innovative method of assessing the benefit-risk balance using data from a completed randomised controlled trial that compared erlotinib vs placebo added to gemcitabine in patients with advan...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/bjc.2015.55
更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the public are increasingly consulted over health care and research priorities. Patient involvement in determining cancer research priorities, however, has remained underdeveloped. This paper presents the findings of the first consultation to be conducted with UK cancer patients concerning research prioriti...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6603662
更新日期：2007-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are related to trophoblasts, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by GTDs as well as normal placentas. However, the asparagine-linked sugar chains on hCG contain abnormal biantennary structures in invasive mole and choriocarcinoma, but not normal pregna...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2012.496
更新日期：2012-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of X-radiation on the Nembutal-induced redistribution of the cardiac output in two types of transplanted mouse tumours and some normal mouse tissues have been investigated, using rubidium-86 and 125I-human serum albumin. Irradiation causes an increase in 86Rb uptake (relative blood perfusion) by the tumour...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1976.186
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for testing organic chemicals for their carcinogenic potential is described. Baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21/C1 13) were exposed to different doses of test compound in liquid tissue culture medium containing rat liver post-mitochondrial supernatant and cofactors (S-9 mix) to aid metabolism, but without seru...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1977.231
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antiapoptotic Livin/ML-IAP gene has recently gained much attention as a potential new target for cancer therapy. Reports indicating that livin is expressed almost exclusively in tumours, but not in the corresponding normal tissue, suggested that the targeted inhibition of livin may present a novel tumour-specific ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604028
更新日期：2007-11-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Melatonin reduces the development of breast cancer interfering with oestrogen-signalling pathways, and also inhibits aromatase activity and expression. Our objective was to study the promoters through which melatonin modifies aromatase expression, evaluate the ability of melatonin to regulate cyclooxygenases...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605336
更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:5'-nucleotidase activity, arachidonate metabolism and adenosine uptake were measured in P388 murine leukaemia cells and in a subline resistant to doxorubicin. These membranes related activities were found to be increased in the doxorubicin resistant cell line, compared to the drug sensitive cells. It is suggested that...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1984.71
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The eicosanoid signalling pathway promotes the progression of malignancies through the production of proliferative prostaglandins (PGs). Cytosolic phospholipase A(2)α (cPLA(2)α) activity provides the substrate for cyclooxygenase-dependent PG release, and we have previously found that cPLA(2)α expression corr...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6606025
更新日期：2011-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Childhood cancer survival estimates from developing nations are rare. METHODS:Using the US SEER and the Manila and Rizal Cancer Registry databases in the Philippines, 5-year survival for childhood leukaemia and lymphoma in 2001-2005 among Asian Americans were compared with both Filipinos and Caucasians in t...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605703
更新日期：2010-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of the study was to identify any normal genes that may become inactivated in malignant cells, with associated modifications or loss of gene products. Consequently, attempts were made to identify such products by generating monoclonal antibodies using an immune tolerisation-immunisation procedure. Using such a...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1994.80
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When L2C leukaemic B lymphocytes from guinea-pigs were incubated in vitro with antibody directed to their surface immunoglobulin (Ig), a rapid rise in intracellular adenosine 3':5'-phosphate (cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP) was observed. Estimation of cAMP was by a protein-binding assay using bovine adrenal prot...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1979.77
更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomavirus (HPV) is thought to cause some vulval squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC) by degrading p53 product. Evidence on whether HPV-negative VSCC results from p53 mutation is conflicting. We performed immunohistochemistry for p53 product on 52 cases of lone vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), 21 cases of ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6600677
更新日期：2003-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Darbepoetin alfa is a novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP), which stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO). NESP has been shown to be safe and efficacious in patients with chronic renal failure. NESP is biochemically distinct from rHuEPO, due to its increa...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1054/bjoc.2001.1748
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analysed 26 metastases from 25 patients with sporadic cutaneous malignant melanoma for alterations in the CDKN2 gene by a combined polymerase chain reaction/single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR/SSCP)/nucleotide sequencing approach. Eleven alterations (one in exon 1, five in exon 2 and five in the 3' non-cod...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.59
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Men diagnosed with localised prostate cancer (LPC) face difficult choices between treatment options that can cause persistent problems with sexual, urinary and bowel function. Controlled trial evidence about the survival benefits of the full range of treatment alternatives is limited, and patients' views on ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2011.552
更新日期：2012-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of older patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presents a challenge to the physician. Age is a poor prognostic indicator, due to reduced ability to tolerate and maintain dose-intensive chemotherapy. Generally, older patients demonstrate a lower response rate, reduced survival and increased tox...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6602975
更新日期：2006-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The 5T4 oncofetal antigen is a 72 kDa glycoprotein defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against human placental trophoblast and is expressed in many different carcinomas but detected only at low levels in some normal epithelia. Immunohistochemical analysis of the patterns of expression in colorectal carcinomas has ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1994.173
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metastatic spread of some solid tumours is thought to depend upon the adhesion of tumour cells to the vascular endothelium followed by extravasation into surrounding tissues. We investigated the role of beta 1 integrins in the adhesion of the breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 and the melanoma cell line RPMI-7...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.627
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that high levels of endogenous oestrogens increase the risk for developing breast cancer, concentrations of oestrone, oestradiol and oestriol were measured in 24 h urine samples from 1000 women participants in a prospective study of breast cancer on the island of Guernsey. Sixty-nine subjects we...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1996.304
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Defects in the apoptotic system are likely to play a role in tumorigenesis. Pancreatic carcinoma cells are extremely resistant to apoptosis induction by chemotherapy suggesting that the apoptosis machinery is faulty. We investigated the integrity of the cytochrome c-dependent apoptotic apparatus in 10 human pancreatic...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6600171
更新日期：2002-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Three intraperitoneal human ovarian cancer xenografts (OS, HU, and LA) were used to assess the antitumour activity of intraperitoneal therapy with liposome encapsulated MTP-PE. MTP-PE led to significant prolongation of survival in all three xenograft models, but with varying efficacy. In one tumour model (OS), 80% of ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1991.92
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DT-diaphorase (DTD) is an important enzyme for the bioreductive activation of the new alkylating indoloquinone EO9. In preclinical studies, EO9 has shown selective anti-tumour activity against solid tumours and under hypoxic conditions. The levels of three reductive enzymes have been determined in three types of human...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1995.433
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of the short arm of chromosome 1 is a hallmark of oligodendroglial tumours (OTs). Deletion mapping studies in OTs have revealed multiple commonly deleted regions on chromosome 1p, suggesting that there are more than one tumour suppressor gene. To map critical deletion regions on 1p, a series of 25 OTs were examin...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6602093
更新日期：2004-09-13 00:00:00
