Abstract:
:During spermiogenesis, the elongating rat spermatid chromatin undergoes a gradual process of condensation which is initiated in the round spermatids at "step 7" of cytodifferentation in stage VII and extending to elongated spermatids at "step 19" of cytodifferentiation in stage VIII. The mechanism of chromatin condensation in the elongating spermatids is an elaborate process that encompasses several biochemical and biological aspects culminating in the deposition of protamine in DNA grooves. The protamination of sperm chromatin involves expression and storage of proteins involved in condensation, removal and degradation of nuclear histones and their replacement by transition proteins and protamine 1, transcriptional silencing and DNA repair, reduction of nuclear volume, repackaging of protaminated chromatin in torroids and development of a characteristic head shape and perforatorium. A study was undertaken in my laboratory to delineate the role of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone in the condensation of nuclear chromatin in the elongating spermatids of sexually competent species of rat. Towards this end, sexually competent male Holtzmann rats were treated with 20 mg/Kg/d per os (oral supplementum) of cyproterone acetate and 3 mg/Kg/d i.p (intra peritoneal) of fluphenazine decanoate to induce a functional deficiency in either testosterone or FSH. In both rat models, membrane-impermeable CMA3 fluorescent dye uptake assay for GC-rich prospective sites of DNA protamination, was indicative of insufficiency of protamine 1 in spermatozoa taken from caput epididymides of treated rats whereas a fluorescent TUNEL assay indicated the presence of nicked chromatin strands only in protamine-deficient spermatozoa derived from caput epididymides of fluphenazine-treated rats with functional deficiency of FSH. Western blotting of acid-soluble sperm basic proteins had confirmed the near absence of protamine 1 in treated rat spermatozoa in both models. Electron Microscopic evaluation too revealed fine ultrastructural changes in the nuclear membrane of cyproterone acetate as well as fluphenazine decanoate treated spermatozoa derived from caput epididymides. Electrophoretic analysis of caput sperm nuclear basic proteins substantiated the observations at cellular level and revealed a pattern of abnormal persistence of acid-soluble nuclear basic proteins in both rat models, the levels being more prominent in fluphenazine treated rats. Our studies suggest that adequate levels of both FSH and testosterone could be essential during the stages of spermatidal condensation and led us to hypothesize the existence of an endocrine-regulated molecular mechanism for histone to protamine transition and maintenance of chromatin integrity during chromatin condensation in the testis during spermiogenesis.
journal_name
Protein Pept Lettjournal_title
Protein and peptide lettersauthors
Gill-Sharma MK,Choudhuri J,D'Souza Sdoi
10.2174/092986611795714005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
786-801issue
8eissn
0929-8665issn
1875-5305pii
BSP/ PPL/ E pub/0320journal_volume
18pub_type
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the production and secretion of fusion constructs containing alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase, the enzyme deficient in Sanfilippo B, and either wildtype TAT or modified TAT in cultured Spodoptera frugiperda cells. All constructs exhibited successful expression of active enzyme, suggesting the future possibili...
journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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doi:10.2174/092986606777145788
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更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::PD-L1 is a highly glycosylated type 1 ribosome inactivating protein, from Phytolacca dioica leaves, with the peculiarity to act also as a DNase. PD-L1 has been successfully crystallized using vapour diffusion and seeding techniques. Crystals belong to the monoclinic C2 space group, with unit cell dimensions a=161.01, ...
journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2008 cancer was identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of four threats to human health and development. Since the early published reports of the first chemotherapeutic, mustine, in 1946, the anti-cancer drug and development industry has grown into a multi-billion dollar business enterprise. Worldw...
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更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reaction between Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Lys-Gly-Asp (KGD) derivatives with 3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene (resveratrol) was investigated. Knowing that resveratrol, RGD as well as KGD analogues inhibit human platelet aggregation in vitro, it was tempting for us to examine whether their coupling products present en...
journal_title:Protein and peptide letters
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the last years, Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and lipopeptides have received attention as promising candidates to treat infections caused by resistant microorganisms. OBJECTIVE:The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of repetitive KLFK motifs and the attachment of aliphatic acids t...
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prediction of protein structure from its amino acid sequence is still a challenging problem. The complete physicochemical understanding of protein folding is essential for the accurate structure prediction. Knowledge of residue solvent accessibility gives useful insights into protein structure prediction and function ...
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