Abstract:
:Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer diagnosed worldwide, with almost half a million new cases diagnosed each year. Despite improvements in surgical and radiotherapy techniques and refinements of chemotherapeutic regimens, long-term survival, even from localized oesophageal cancer, remains poor. Surgical resection alone remains the standard approach for very early stage disease (stage I), but whilst surgery remains fundamental to the treatment of stage II-III resectable adenocarcinoma, multimodality therapy with chemotherapy or chemoradiation (CRT) is internationally accepted as the standard of care. Data from two large, randomized phase III trials support the use of perioperative combination chemotherapy in lower oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas, but the contribution of the adjuvant therapy is uncertain. There are conflicting data from randomized studies of a purely neoadjuvant approach; however, recent meta-analyses have demonstrated that chemotherapy or CRT given prior to radical surgery improves survival in patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. Neoadjuvant CRT but not chemotherapy alone is also beneficial for patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Definitive CRT has emerged as a useful option for the treatment of resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, avoiding potential surgical morbidity and mortality for most patients, with salvage surgery reserved for those with persistent disease. In this review, we focus on the pharmacotherapy of resectable oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers and how clinical trials and meta-analyses inform current clinical practice.
journal_name
Drugsjournal_title
Drugsauthors
Bystricky B,Okines AF,Cunningham Ddoi
10.2165/11585460-000000000-00000subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-03-26 00:00:00pages
541-55issue
5eissn
0012-6667issn
1179-1950pii
3journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
DRUGS文献大全abstract::Porcine-derived lung surfactant (PLS; Curosurf) has shown efficacy in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. PLS consists of phospholipids, mainly dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, the primary surface-active agent of natural lung surfactant, and pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins which facilitate spreading and ad...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199448030-00006
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lefamulin is a novel oral and intravenous (IV) pleuromutilin developed as a twice-daily treatment for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). It is a semi-synthetic pleuromutilin with a chemical structure that contains a tricyclic core of five-, six-, and eight-membered rings and a 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxycyclohexy...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-020-01443-4
更新日期:2020-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Therapy for Gram-negative sepsis remains unsatisfactory despite a concerted effort to develop new treatments for this common, life-threatening syndrome. Current research continues on several fronts to improve the treatment options available to clinicians in the management of these critically ill patients. Recently, a ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199855040-00002
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of the effects of various NSAIDs on renal function in the elderly, indomethacin, tiaprofenic acid and sulindac were administered to patients ranging in age from 54 to 97 years for a period of 3 months. Indomethacin sustained release (25 mg tid) was administered to 66 patients, tiaprofenic acid (200 mg tid) ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00003495-198800351-00022
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eplerenone (Inspra) is a selective aldosterone blocker. Oral eplerenone is approved for use in patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and clinical evidence of heart failure following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in the US and in European countries (e.g. the UK and The Netherlands). The addition o...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200464230-00005
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cidofovir is a nucleotide analogue which inhibits viral DNA polymerase and is effective against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. It is phosphorylated to its active form by cellular enzymes. With the long intracellular half-life of its metabolites, cidofovir can be administered weekly during induction and every o...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199652020-00006
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The link between co-morbid insomnia and depression has been demonstrated in numerous groups. Insomnia has been associated with: (1) an increased risk of developing subsequent depression; (2) an increased duration of established depression; and (3) relapse following treatment for depression. In addition, specific insom...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11531130-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vivus' proprietary oral capsule containing phentermine and extended-release (ER) topiramate has been approved in the US for the treatment of obesity. Phentermine is an appetite suppressant, while topiramate is an anti-epileptic medication. The once-daily formulation, known as Qsymia™, is designed to produce weight los...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11640860-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) was formally defined in 1988 to describe a syndrome of severe and disabling fatigue of uncertain aetiology associated with a variable number of somatic and/or psychological symptoms. CFS has been reported in most industrialised countries and is most prevalent in women aged between 20...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199346040-00005
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results from prevalence, case-control, angiographic and echocardiographic investigations incriminate elevated fibrinogen levels as a strong independent risk factor for the occurrence of initial and recurrent cardiovascular events. Average fibrinogen levels are higher in women and persons with other risk factors includ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199700543-00006
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During depression, chronobiological disorders occur, such as disturbances in body temperature and early urinary excretion of a noradrenaline metabolite. Sleep patterns are disturbed in 90% of depressed patients; early REM sleep and shortened slow-wave sleep (stages 3 and 4), resulting in an increase in REM sleep, have...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-198900381-00003
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and the grim outcome of these infections have focused interest on the possibilities for medical intervention. The end-stage of these infections, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), was first recognised in 1981, and the causative agent isolated i...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-198734030-00004
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the structure, function and distribution of the components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and the integrated physiological role of this hormonal system is rapidly increasing, although many questions remain unanswered. The primary structure and localisation of RAS such as renin, prorenin...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199000391-00005
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin degludec (Tresiba(®)) is an ultra-long-acting insulin analogue that is also available as a coformulation with rapid-acting insulin aspart (insulin degludec/insulin aspart) [Ryzodeg(®)]. Insulin degludec has a flat, stable glucose-lowering profile with a duration of action of >42 h, and less within-patient day-...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-013-0051-1
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy and safety of rectally administered nimesulide 200mg and paracetamol 500mg were assessed in a double-blind study. The study was conducted in 39 elderly inpatients with infections of the upper or lower respiratory tract associated with fever; 18 patients received nimesulide and 21 received paracetamol. Bot...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00003495-199300461-00026
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of effective cytotoxic agents for the treatment of patients with metastatic adult soft tissue sarcoma is limited, especially when patients have failed anthracycline- and ifosfamide-based chemotherapy. For the subgroup of patients with inoperable gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), progress has been made...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200565020-00002
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and eosinophils, are thought to actively contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma since they infiltrate into the lung tissue and may be activated locally to release bronchoconstrictor mediators. In this study we provide evidence that nedocromil sodium is capable of effectively i...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00003495-198900371-00004
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Enoxaparin (enoxaparin sodium) is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) that is widely used in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients undergoing orthopaedic or general surgery. Its efficacy in these indications has led to study of its use in patients with coronary artery ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199856020-00013
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terfenadine is a selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist which, in pharmacodynamic studies, is devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. In clinical studies terfenadine is well tolerated and at a dose of 60mg administered twice daily the drug provides effective relief of symptoms in patients with allerg...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199039040-00006
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During recent decades, undeniable progress has been made with regard to the management of arterial hypertension. Larger numbers of patients are aware they have hypertension, receive treatment and benefit from this therapy. Furthermore, significant reductions have been observed in morbidity and mortality resulting from...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199856002-00004
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiviral therapy has in the past met with limited success and only a few antiviral drugs have been available. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has created an urgent need for the development of antiviral therapy against this infection. HIV replication offers several targets for inhibitory compounds, the...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199345040-00002
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been shown to reduce mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with hyperlipidaemia and those with coronary artery disease. However, evidence for statin treatment in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) remains a subject of debate. Patients with heart failure w...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200666020-00002
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increased understanding of the mechanisms which underlie rheumatoid disease has been accompanied by a more appropriate use of the limited repertoire of therapeutic agents. Conventional second-line drugs still have a role in everyday practice. The efficacy of these agents in reducing the severity of clinical signs ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199447020-00003
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ZD1839 ('Iressa') is an orally active, selective epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor which blocks signal transduction pathways implicated in the proliferation and survival of cancer cells and other host-dependent processes promoting cancer growth. In preclinical studies, ZD1839 produced reversib...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200060001-00004
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saxagliptin (Onglyza™) is a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor widely approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the EU, saxagliptin is indicated as combination therapy with metformin, a sulfonylurea, a thiazolidinedione, or insulin (with or without metformin) for the treatment of adult patients with typ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11208160-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Macitentan (Opsumit(®)) is an orally active, dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) with tissue targeting properties. Macitentan was approved recently in the EU (as monotherapy or combination therapy) for the long-term treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in adults of WHO functional class II or III, a...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-014-0266-9
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glaucoma, a group of progressive optic neuropathies with similar patterns of tissue loss, is primarily treated with medical therapy, followed by laser therapy and, later, incisional surgery. Aside from the introduction of prostaglandin analogs, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and topical alpha-agonists in the 1...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01130-z
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis continues to be a major cause of disease and death throughout the developing world. Chemotherapy is the current method of control but with the continuing emergence of drug resistance, coupled with the reticence of major drug companies to invest in drug discovery, the identification of new vaccines to comb...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00003495-200565170-00002
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The article Trifluridine/Tipiracil: A Review in Metastatic Gastric Cancer, written by Connie Kang, Sohita Dhillon and Emma D. Deeks, was originally published Online First without open access. ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01199-6
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer death in industrialised countries, with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Good patient performance status is associated with a significantly improved prognosis, whereas the presence of metastases, particularly to the bone or liver, is asso...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199200444-00006
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00