Abstract：
:With more rapid advances in potential treatments for brain tumours, the number of clinical trials for brain tumour patients is rising. In the context of the challenges of recruitment and enrollment of patients with brain tumors, the dichotomy between the paucity of subjects and abundance of clinical trials creates a unique ethical dilemma, whereby a single patient may be eligible for several studies. Here, we identify and present three approaches for recruiting and enrolling patients who may be eligible for several trials. The ethical implications of the full disclosure, paternalistic, and random approaches are discussed. The full disclosure approach presents information to patients regarding all ongoing concurrent trials, allowing them to make an informed decision, while the paternalistic approach allows the healthcare providers to select the trial for which they believe the patient is most suitable. These introduce the biases into circumstances where equipoise is necessary and risk selection bias in study design. The random approach randomly allocates patients to each trial, which may erode patient autonomy and decrease trial enrollment. Brain tumor patients comprise a vulnerable population and it remains incumbent on healthcare providers to maintain the highest ethical standards when approaching them for clinical research. Changes in clinical trial design are required to mitigate the conflicts created by competition for patients.
journal_name
J Neurooncoljournal_title
Journal of neuro-oncologyauthors
Ibrahim GM,Chung C,Bernstein Mdoi
10.1007/s11060-011-0536-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
623-7issue
3eissn
0167-594Xissn
1573-7373journal_volume
104pub_type
社论abstract：:A pilot study was performed combining cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) and radiation therapy to treat patients with high-grade astrocytomas. CDDP at a dose of 40 mg/m2/week intravenously was given during the course of cranial irradiation. Following irradiation, CDDP was given every three weeks on a schedule of 35-4...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00182955
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sacral chordoma is a vessel-rich and infiltrative tumor, but the fundamental knowledge of its biological behavior remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the expression levels and contributions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the angiogenesis and r...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-010-0263-0
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human melanoma proteoglycan (HMP), a melanoma-associated antigen, is expressed in both human melanomas and gliomas. We used HMP-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) VT68.2 to investigate whether murine GL261 cerebral gliomas express the HMP homologue AN2 and to determine whether AN2 could be targeted for selective deliv...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-009-9798-3
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pilocytic astrocytomas are rare intracranial gliomas that are typically treated with surgical extirpation. Our aim was to report the radiologic and clinical outcomes of patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for pilocytic astrocytoma in the primary and salvage setting. Patients with pilocytic astrocytom...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-017-2521-x
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is a rare neurological disorder that frequently precedes the detection of malignancy. Here, we report the case of a 60 year-old woman with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who developed a subacute cerebellar syndrome associated with the presence of anti-CV2/...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-009-0022-2
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From 1974 to 1992, 63 patients diagnosed with low-grade pure or mixed oligo-astrocytoma were seen and treated at our institution. All patients underwent CT scan pre-operatively. There were 20 female and 43 males ranging in age from 12 to 73 years (median age of 33 years). 15 patients had a stereotactic biopsy as the o...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00177481
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NeuroCogFX is a short yet comprehensive computer-based neuropsychological battery of tests developed to investigate neurological patients for cognitive dysfunction after potentially neurotoxic therapy. NeuroCogFX had been standardized in a group of 242 healthy controls (Fliessbach et al., Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 74:...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-010-0194-9
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extensive clonal diversity suggesting the presence of tumor cells with varying degrees of treatment sensitivity. Radiotherapy is an integral part of glioblastoma treatment. Whether GBMs are comprised of spatially distinct cellular populations with uniform or varying degree...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-020-03643-0
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To identify molecular therapeutic targets for glioma, we performed gene expression profiling by using a complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray method and identified the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein (uPARAP/Endo180) as a gene expressed highly in glioma tissue compared with the normal brain t...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-010-0398-z
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Oligodendroglial tumors are rare and chemosensitive diseases; but the overall results with current chemotherapy regimens cannot be considered satisfactory and other active treatments are necessary. We decided to determine the efficacy and toxicity profile of the carboplatin and etoposide (CE) regimen in this...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-006-9144-y
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During glioma resection, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and fluorescein sodium (Fl-Na) are used for photodynamic tumor visualization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pathological findings of the boundary zone between the tumor and adjacent normal brain in glioblastoma patients undergoing simultaneous do...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-017-2445-5
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A greater understanding of brain metastases is imperative for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Our previous study showed that insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway was activated in brain-tropic cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of activated (phosphorylated) IGF-1 ...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-013-1194-3
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors report their personal experience with a surgical series of 16 cases of cerebral radiation-induced gliomas, defining diagnostic criteria and surgical and clinical characteristics. There were ten males and six females, with a median age of 45.9 years. Irradiation had initially been given for acute lymphoblas...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-008-9565-x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma is a highly angiogenic tumor with a dismal prognosis. Continuous oral low-dose chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) has modest activity in heavily pretreated patients with breast cancer. We explored the efficacy of 100 mg CPM daily and 5 mg MTX twice weekly in relapsed glioblast...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-004-1726-y
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cavernous sinus is an uncommon site of metastasis for the head and neck tumors, and especially for the tumors of parotid gland. The case reported here is the second reported case of parotid carcinoma metastatic to the cavernous sinus, proven by histopathology. Also it is the first reported parotid gland acinic cell ca...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-004-4035-6
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2007 the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System introduced the entity "glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma component" (GBM/OLIGO). This entity accounts for approximately one in every ten new glioblastomas (GBM). In practice, those mixed gliomas with necrosis which were previously diagnosed as a...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-010-0523-z
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Stereotactic radiosurgery is an established treatment option for sporadic meningiomas, though limited data exists for radiation-induced lesions. METHODS:Patients treated with cobalt-60 radiosurgery between October 2005 and December 2018 in an institutional registry were reviewed. Single fraction treatments wer...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-020-03515-7
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rat glioma model was employed to estimate the Ca2+ kinetics in the tumor arteriolar smooth muscle cells. Electron microcytochemistry revealed that the density of intracellular Ca2+ deposits in the intra-tumor arteriolar smooth muscle cells was significantly greater, with slightly higher membrane Ca(2+)-adenosine tri...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00177440
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of a functioning invasive pituitary oncocytoma in a 50-year-old man is reported. The serum prolactin was increased and immunocytochemical staining was positive for prolactin. In addition to numerous mitochondria within the neoplastic cells, structurally abnormal mitochondria with crystalline inclusions were als...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00165379
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been implicated in the most common childhood brain tumor, medulloblastoma (MB). Given the toxicity of post-surgical treatments for MB, continued need exists for new, targeted therapies. Based upon our finding that Neuropilin (Nrp) transmembrane proteins are required for Hh signa...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-013-1216-1
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermal stability signatures of complex molecule interaction in biological fluids can be measured using a new approach called differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal stability of plasma proteome has been described previously as a method of producing a disease-specific "signature," termed thermogram, in se...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-011-0630-5
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study assesses the controversial role of temozolomide (TMZ) concurrent with adjuvant radiation (RT) in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). The impact of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status on therapy and outcomes is also examined. All adult patients diagnosed with AA from 2001 to 2011 and treated with st...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-014-1520-4
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of de novo fibrosarcoma in a 43-year-old male, with MRI documented evolution from a 5 mm hyperintense area to 5 cm tumor mass in a 12-month period. The diagnosis of low-grade fibrosarcoma was established by three experienced neuropathologists. The patient underwent gross total resection with adjuvant...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-008-9756-5
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A phase I study was conducted to evaluate the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD)/recommended phase II dose of bendamustine with concurrent whole brain radiation (WBR) in patients with brain metastases (BM) from solid tumors. Four doses of intravenous weekly bendamustine w...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-014-1510-6
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of infant hypothalamic chiasmatic glioma (iCHG) is challenging, about 30% of the children progress during chemotherapy. Despite subsequent treatments the 5 year overall-survival rate is only 70%. This study investigates treatment strategies currently applied for progressive iCHG. A web-based questionnaire wa...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-017-2630-6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The soft agar technique for culturing human clonogenic tumor cells has been usefully applied for predicting individual clinical responses to chemotherapy, for screening of new antineoplastic drugs, and in basic biological research. The counting of colonies formed by clonogenic cells is, however, a rather time consumin...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00165180
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A thirty-year-old male with an intracranial malignant meningioma, first diagnosed 9 years ago, with three recurrences was admitted with a hypoglycemic shock. The blood glucose level was 17 mg/dl, requiring treatment with high doses of intravenous and oral dextrose for improvement. A large metastatic tumor in the liver...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1006460827300
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report one year follow up of a case of extramedullary hematopoiesis within the clivus. The imaging findings, brief clinical course, and endoscopic transphenoidal approach are described. A 29-year-old female with thalassemia developed worsening cranial nerve signs. After imaging studies discovered a large clival mas...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11060-010-0208-7
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We characterized health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cognitive, and functional status in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients receiving Tumor treating fields (TTFields) with temozolomide (TMZ) versus TMZ alone in a planned interim analysis of a randomized phase III trial [NCT00916409], which showed signific...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s11060-017-2601-y
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse invasion of the brain by tumor cells is a hallmark of human glioblastomas and a major cause for the poor prognosis of these tumors. This phenomenon is only partially reproduced by rodent models of gliomas that display a very high rate of proliferation and limited cell migration. We have analyzed the developmen...
journal_title：Journal of neuro-oncology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010620420241
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
