Abstract:
:Retinoic acid (RA), which is an important modulator of brain development, neural cell proliferation, neurite outgrowth, and synaptic plasticity, is regulated via changes in RA receptors. The pattern of RA receptor changes in the rat cerebral cortex and white matter during postnatal development has not been extensively studied. Therefore, we studied the mRNA expression patterns of 6 RA receptors in the postnatal rat cerebral cortex and white matter at 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35days. We found that RARβ, RXRα and RXRβ mRNA levels gradually increased during postnatal development. RARα presented a nearly unimodal trend, but RARγ and RXRγ were generally bimodal. RARα, RARγ, and RXRγ mRNA levels peaked at postnatal day 21 (P21). The pattern of RARα expression was consistent with that of its mRNA levels. RARα and RXRγ mRNA levels were the highest among those of all RA receptors during postnatal development. Interestingly, RARα expression was mainly located in the cytoplasm in the postnatal development apart from P3d. We further showed that RARα is expressed mainly in layers 2 and 3, partly in layers 1 and 4, and in a limited manner in layers 5 and 6 in the parietal cortex. Most RARα expression occurs in layers 2, 3, and 4 in the temporal lobe cortex. We realized that the M1 S2 region of RARα is highly expressed and that the position of RARα changes dynamically to meet the needs of different regions during development. These results support the idea that the RA receptor plays an important role in the cerebrum during postnatal development and implementation of these functions may be mainly dependent on the non-transcriptional or post- transcriptional regulation.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Jiang W,Wen EY,Gong M,Shi Y,Chen L,Bi Y,Zhang Y,Liu YF,Chen J,Qu P,Liu YX,Wei XP,Li TYdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-03-25 00:00:00pages
77-87eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(11)00063-1journal_volume
1382pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::The role of glial cells in nitric oxide production in the cerebellum of conscious rats was investigated with a glial selective metabolic inhibitor, fluorocitrate. The levels of nitric oxide metabolites (nitrite plus nitrate) in the dialysate following in vivo microdialysis progressively increased to more than 2-fold t...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00372-7
更新日期:1997-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::The immunohistochemical studies on a peroxisomal enzyme, catalase, were done on brains from human fetuses to adults. The catalase-positive neurons appeared in the basal ganglia, thalamus and cerebellum at 27-28 weeks of gestation, and in the frontal cortex at 35 weeks. They then increased in number with gestational ag...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90314-l
更新日期:1991-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::In Parkinson disease (PD), the subthalamic nucleus (STN) becomes hyperactive (disinhibited), which is reported to cause excitotoxic damage to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Here, we examined whether silencing of the hyperactive STN by chronic bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) increased the survival of midbrain do...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.082
更新日期:2006-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that high-concentration albumin therapy is markedly neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia. The present study was conducted to ascertain the degree to which hemodynamic alterations are responsible for this therapeutic effect. Normothermic, physiologically regulated male Sprague-Dawley rats received a...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00674-x
更新日期:1998-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Motor-related regions of parietal and prefrontal cortices have been shown to selectively activate when observers passively view objects that afford manual grasping. Yet, it remains unknown whether these cortical responses depend on prior motor-related experience with the object being observed. To address this question...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.059
更新日期:2006-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The alpha7 nicotinic receptor agonist 3-[2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene]anabaseine (DMXB; GTS-21) was investigated for its ability to: (1) activate a variety of nicotinic receptor subtypes in Xenopus oocytes; (2) improve passive avoidance and spatial Morris water task performances in mecamylamine-sensitive manners in bilate...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00536-2
更新日期:1997-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is the major cause of acquired epilepsy in the adult population. The mechanisms of ischemia-induced epileptogenesis are not completely understood, but glutamate is associated with both ischemia-induced injury and epileptogenesis. The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro model of epileptogenesis in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.11.065
更新日期:2011-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we measured regional brain blood flow (BF) in rats during hypoxic exposure. Our data show the hypoxia-induced brain blood flow increase returned to baseline within 1 week as blood hemoglobin increased. Because this return to baseline occurred before capillary angiogenesis, this result suggests that the ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.08.046
更新日期:2004-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Following extirpation of three quarters of the eye anlage of Xenopus laevis in stage 33/34, the remaining quadrants developed into small eyes of normal shape. Irrespective of the different portions of the eye anlage the quarter eyes originated from, the retinotectal projection was always confined to the rostrolateral ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(86)90089-1
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuropathological consequences of acute exposure to the neurotoxicants ammonia and octanoic acid were investigated with the isolated, perfused canine brain preparation. After 1 h of combined hyperammonemia and octanoic acidemia, ultrastructural changes were apparent in all brain regions examined. The cell bodies o...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90916-3
更新日期:1985-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::An autoradiographic analysis of the time and sites of origin, and the migration and settling patterns of neurons was made in the spinal cord of the mouse. The neurons originated on days 10--14 of gestation with temporal gradients along the ventrodorsal and rostrocaudal axes. The motor neurons originated on days 10 and...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90105-1
更新日期:1978-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a MRI technique which can measure alterations in the diffusion of water molecules to reflect tissue changes in both white and grey matter. This study evaluated the potential of DKI for the early diagnosis of radiation-induced temporal lobe changes in the grey and white matter...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.041
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable evidence indicates an enhanced sympathetic innervation of muscular resistance arteries in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) compared with its normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control. Since nerve growth factor (NGF) is known to affect the growth of sympathetic nerves, we have utilized a sensitive tw...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91012-h
更新日期:1993-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Antagonism of NMDA-mediated transmission by MK-801 has been shown to block long-term potentiation (LTP) in vitro and delay electrical kindling of the amygdala. The present experiment sought to examine the relationship between synaptic potentiation of the perforant path-granule cell synapse and development of perforant...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90064-i
更新日期:1990-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This amino acid mediates learning and memory processes acting through ionotropic and metabotropic receptor binding. Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that stimulate phospholipase C (PLC) or inhibit ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.01.010
更新日期:2007-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The rat mutant dystonic displays an autosomal recessive neurological disease characterized by slow, twisting movements of the limbs and trunk. Rats displaying clinical signs also show a decreased behavioral response to the dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol. Investigation of the development of the cataleptic response t...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90920-x
更新日期:1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were conducted to assess whether stimulation of dopamine receptors located in the globus pallidus might play a role in mediating the enhanced pallidal activity seen after systemic administration of dopamine agonists or D-amphetamine. Dopamine, applied iontophoretically, had modest effects on the activity of pa...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90006-4
更新日期:1984-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::A new compound, 3-((+/-)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP), has been evaluated as an excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist using electrophysiological assays and radioligand binding. In autoradiographic preparations, CPP reduces L-[3H]glutamate binding in regions of the hippocampus rich in N-m...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90128-9
更新日期:1986-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropeptide K (NPK), a member of the kassinin-like tachykinin family, is contained in the rat hypothalamus and is known to stimulate pituitary ACTH release. The intraperitoneal bolus administration of NPK dose-dependently enhanced corticosterone blood level not only in intact rats, but also in hypophysectomized/ACTH ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91185-1
更新日期:1994-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Female golden-mantled ground squirrels that sustained complete ablation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCNx) were housed pre- and post-operatively at 23 degrees C and then at 6.5 degrees C for 5-7 yr. SCNx and control animals held at the higher temperature manifested circannual rhythms (CARs) in body mass. In contras...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01263-8
更新日期:1998-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::To study the regulation of striatal acetylcholine (ACH) release, adult male rat striata were dissociated and incubated with 3H-choline to synthesize 3H-ACH. Fractional 3H-ACH efflux per min during continuous perifusion was: (1) tightly regulated; (2) dependent on calcium influx; (3) stimulated by 10 mM K+ and 1 mM glu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00996-4
更新日期:1995-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cats acquired a conditioned eyeblink (CR) in a situation where the conditioned stimulus (CS) was a click and the unconditioned stimulus (US) was unilateral electrical stimulation of the zygomatic orbital branch of the facial nerve, which is a motor nerve. In a discrimitive training program, cats received both a click ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90681-2
更新日期:1975-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral lesions of the amygdaloid complex in C57BL/6 mice prevented the occurrence of morphine-induced hypermotility (running fit). This effect, that was different from that observed after hippocampal lesions but similar to that observed after caudate lesions, confirms the role of the basal ganglia catecholaminergic...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91328-0
更新日期:1989-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely utilized optical technique for measuring small distances of 1-10 nm in live cells. In recent years, its application has been greatly popularized by the discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and many improved variants which make good donor-acceptor fluoro...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.119
更新日期:2006-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::After spinal cord injury (SCI), the rapidly upregulated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), the prominent chemical constituents and main repulsive factors of the glial scar, play an important role in the extremely limited ability to regenerate in adult mammals. Although many methods to overcome the inhibition h...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.048
更新日期:2014-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Caprine beta-mannosidosis is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder due to a deficiency of beta-mannosidase which cleaves beta-linked mannose residues from the ends of N-asparagine linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. Histological and chemical examination has revealed a deficiency of compact myelin in the brains...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90278-u
更新日期:1993-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an important mediator of the innate immune response. It significantly contributes to neuroinflammation and may be involved in ischemic tolerance. It is unknown how cerebral ischemia in the cortex and postconditioning might affect inflammatory reactions in the hippocampus or whe...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.02.005
更新日期:2011-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) immunoreactivity was examined in neurons of the monkey trigeminal ganglion. Moreover, CGRP- and SP-positive varicose nerve fibers were found, occasionally forming pericellular arborizations around trigeminal somata, which, at light microscopic level, suggeste...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91337-r
更新日期:1993-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Preganglionic sympathetic neurons were labelled by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase, while catecholamine axon varicosities were marked by the uptake of 5-hydroxydopamine in the intermediolateral nucleus of the rat. The direct synaptic contacts from the catecholamine axons to the preganglionic sympathetic...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90246-5
更新日期:1986-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::In the present immunohistochemical study the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was studied in various autonomic ganglia and in related peripheral tissues of the rat. For comparison some other neuronal markers including acetylcholinesterase and tyrosine hydroxylase as well as several neuropeptides were analys...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91483-4
更新日期:1994-09-12 00:00:00