Effects of metformin on body weight and body composition in obese insulin-resistant children: a randomized clinical trial.

abstract：:MDL 29311, an analogue of probucol, administered to rats as a 1% dietary admixture for 2 wk before and 5 days after intravenous injection of 40 mg/kg of ALX significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plasma glucose (6.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 19.2 +/- 1.3 mM) and serum triglyceride (0.17 +/- 0.01 vs. 1.82 +/- 0.39 mM) levels in overnight-...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Johnson MB,Heineke EW,Rhinehart BL,Sheetz MJ,Barnhart RL,Robinson KM

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association of type 1 diabetes with the insulin gene (IDDM2 locus) has been mapped to a short haplotype encompassing two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in perfect linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 1) with each other and with the two allele classes at the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism u...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Marchand L,Polychronakos C

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We recently showed that leptin has powerful central nervous system (CNS)-mediated antidiabetic and cardiovascular actions. This study tested whether the CNS melanocortin system mediates these actions of leptin in diabetic rats. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:A cannula was placed in the lateral ventricle of Spra...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： da Silva AA,do Carmo JM,Freeman JN,Tallam LS,Hall JE

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of obesity surgery-induced weight loss on transcription factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) alternative splicing in adipose tissue and liver. Furthermore, we determined the association of TCF7L2 splicing with the levels of plasma glucose and serum free fatty acids (FFAs) in three independent stud...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kaminska D,Kuulasmaa T,Venesmaa S,Käkelä P,Vaittinen M,Pulkkinen L,Pääkkönen M,Gylling H,Laakso M,Pihlajamäki J

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been hypothesized that type 1 diabetes is initiated by neonatal physiological pancreatic beta-cell death, indicating that the early stages of this autoimmune response may reflect a dysregulated response to immune "danger" signals. One potential danger signal is ATP, high concentrations of which stimulate the pu...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Elliott JI,Higgins CF

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early steps of insulin biosynthesis occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the beta-cell has a highly developed and active ER. All cells regulate the capacity of their ER to fold and process client proteins and they adapt to an imbalance between client protein load and folding capacity (so-called ER stress)....

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Harding HP,Ron D

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin E content and biosynthesis of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) have been measured in platelets from type I diabetic subjects and age- and sex-matched, nondiabetic control subjects. Platelets from diabetic subjects synthesized significantly greater quantities of 12-HETE than did platelets from control ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Karpen CW,Cataland S,O'Dorisio TM,Panganamala RV

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic stem (ES) cells display the ability to differentiate in vitro into a variety of cell lineages. Using a cell-trapping system, we have obtained an insulin-secreting cell clone from undifferentiated ES cells. The construction used allows the expression of a neomycin selection system under the control of the reg...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Soria B,Roche E,Berná G,León-Quinto T,Reig JA,Martín F

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The American Diabetes Association convened a research symposium, "Epigenetics and Epigenomics: Implications for Diabetes and Obesity" on 17-19 November 2017. International experts in genetics, epigenetics, computational biology, and physiology discussed the current state of understanding of the relationships between g...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rosen ED,Kaestner KH,Natarajan R,Patti ME,Sallari R,Sander M,Susztak K

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the production of antibodies against insulin in a genetically well-defined population. In the first study, 124 young patients with type I diabetes for longer than 6 mo were included. Anti-insulin antibodies were detected by polyethyleneglycol (PEG) precipitation after incubation of acidified, charcoal-str...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： McEvoy RC,Witt ME,Ginsberg-Fellner F,Rubinstein P

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an automated method for the isolation of human pancreatic islets. The procedure meets the following requirements: 1) minimal traumatic action on the islets, 2) continuous digestion in which the islets that are progressively liberated can be saved from further enzymatic action, 3) minimal human intervention...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Ricordi C,Lacy PE,Finke EH,Olack BJ,Scharp DW

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes appears to progress not as an uncontrolled autoimmune attack on the pancreatic islet beta-cells, but rather in a highly regulated manner. Leukocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets by autoimmune cells, or insulitis, can persist for long periods of time before the terminal destruction of beta-cell...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Matos M,Park R,Mathis D,Benoist C

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) is a powerful immunoregulatory enzyme that is deficient in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we present the first systematic evaluation of IDO1 expression and localization in human pancreatic tissue. Although IDO1 was constitutively expressed in β-cells from donor...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Anquetil F,Mondanelli G,Gonzalez N,Rodriguez Calvo T,Zapardiel Gonzalo J,Krogvold L,Dahl-Jørgensen K,Van den Eynde B,Orabona C,Grohmann U,von Herrath MG

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRP) were used to investigate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor, tolrestat, and an inhibitor of advanced glycation end products (AGE) formation, aminoguanidine, on glucose toxicity. Glucose at high concentration reduced the replicative activity of pericytes in a d...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Chibber R,Molinatti PA,Wong JS,Mirlees D,Kohner EM

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We have previously reported a highly diabetogenic CD8 T-cell clone, G9C8, in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, specific to low-avidity insulin peptide B15-23, and cells responsive to this antigen are among the earliest islet infiltrates. We aimed to study the selection, activation, and development of the dia...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wong FS,Siew LK,Scott G,Thomas IJ,Chapman S,Viret C,Wen L

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms responsible for painful and insensate diabetic neuropathy are not completely understood. Here, we have investigated sensory neuropathy in the Ins2+/Akita mouse, a hereditary model of diabetes. Akita mice become diabetic soon after weaning, and we show that this is accompanied by an impaired mechanical a...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Vastani N,Guenther F,Gentry C,Austin AL,King AJ,Bevan S,Andersson DA

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sustained expression of the MAFB transcription factor in human islet β-cells represents a distinct difference in mice. Moreover, mRNA expression of closely related and islet β-cell-enriched MAFA does not peak in humans until after 9 years of age. We show that the MAFA protein also is weakly produced within the juv...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Cyphert HA,Walker EM,Hang Y,Dhawan S,Haliyur R,Bonatakis L,Avrahami D,Brissova M,Kaestner KH,Bhushan A,Powers AC,Stein R

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in rodents. No studies are available in humans to demonstrate that SIRT1 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues is associated with energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESI...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rutanen J,Yaluri N,Modi S,Pihlajamäki J,Vänttinen M,Itkonen P,Kainulainen S,Yamamoto H,Lagouge M,Sinclair DA,Elliott P,Westphal C,Auwerx J,Laakso M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Leptin released from adipocytes plays a key role in the control of food intake, energy balance, and glucose homeostasis. In addition to its central action, leptin directly affects pancreatic beta-cells, inhibiting insulin secretion, and, thus, modulating glucose homeostasis. However, despite the importance of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Tudurí E,Marroquí L,Soriano S,Ropero AB,Batista TM,Piquer S,López-Boado MA,Carneiro EM,Gomis R,Nadal A,Quesada I

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is associated with an increase in the fractional contribution of gluconeogenesis (GNG) to glucose production. We tested if this was related to the altered protein metabolism in obesity. GNG(PEP) (via phosphoenol pyruvate [PEP]) was measured after a 17-h fast using the deuterated water method and 2H nuclear mag...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Chevalier S,Burgess SC,Malloy CR,Gougeon R,Marliss EB,Morais JA

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The gut environment modulates the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but how it affects autoimmunity toward pancreatic β-cells, a self-tissue located outside the intestine, is still unclear. In the small intestine, lamina propria dendritic cells (LPDCs) induce peripheral differentiation of FoxP3(+) regula...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Badami E,Sorini C,Coccia M,Usuelli V,Molteni L,Bolla AM,Scavini M,Mariani A,King C,Bosi E,Falcone M

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed that pancreatic beta-cells express a neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) that controls insulin secretion by exerting two enzymatic activities: nitric oxide (NO) production and cytochrome c reductase activity. We now bring evidence that two inhibitors of nNOS, N-omega-nitro-l-arginine ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lajoix AD,Pugnière M,Roquet F,Mani JC,Dietz S,Linck N,Faurie F,Ribes G,Petit P,Gross R

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the mechanism of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNP F) renoprotective action in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model (db/db). Immortalized rat renal proximal tubular cells (IRPTCs) and kidneys from humans with T2D were also studied. The db/db mice developed hyperglycemia, oxidative stress,...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lo CS,Shi Y,Chenier I,Ghosh A,Wu CH,Cailhier JF,Ethier J,Lattouf JB,Filep JG,Ingelfinger JR,Zhang SL,Chan JSD

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In the present study, we aimed to validate the type 2 diabetes susceptibility alleles identified in six recent genome-wide association studies in the HHEX/KIF11/IDE (rs1111875), CDKN2A/B (rs10811661), and IGF2BP2 (rs4402960) loci, as well as the intergenic rs9300039 variant. Furthermore, we aimed to character...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Grarup N,Rose CS,Andersson EA,Andersen G,Nielsen AL,Albrechtsen A,Clausen JO,Rasmussen SS,Jørgensen T,Sandbaek A,Lauritzen T,Schmitz O,Hansen T,Pedersen O

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the biochemical mechanism by which insulin and contractile activity affect protein turnover in muscle are still unclear, certain physiologic conclusions can be made; (a) Increased work can induce muscle hypertrophy even in the diabetic or starving animal. Thus, work-induced growth differs from normal growth o...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Goldberg AL

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid conversion of glucose to sorbitol by aldose reductase and the consequent hyperosmolarity of the cytoplasm has been shown to be the primary cause of the so-called "sugar" or "osmotic" cataract in many animal lenses. It is not as clear, however, that hyperosmolarity is the principal factor in the etiology of c...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Barnett PA,González RG,Chylack LT Jr,Cheng HM

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of evidence implicates ceramide and/or its glycosphingolipid metabolites in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. We have developed a highly specific small molecule inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes a necessary step in the conversion of ceramide to glycosphingolipids. In...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Aerts JM,Ottenhoff R,Powlson AS,Grefhorst A,van Eijk M,Dubbelhuis PF,Aten J,Kuipers F,Serlie MJ,Wennekes T,Sethi JK,O'Rahilly S,Overkleeft HS

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Insulin resistance and other features of the metabolic syndrome have been causally linked to adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in mice with diet-induced obesity. We aimed to characterize macrophage phenotype and function in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in relation to insulin resistance in obe...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wentworth JM,Naselli G,Brown WA,Doyle L,Phipson B,Smyth GK,Wabitsch M,O'Brien PE,Harrison LC

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Vhlh gene codes for the von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL), a tumor suppressor that is a key player in the cellular response to oxygen sensing. In humans, a germline mutation in the VHL gene leads to the von Hippel-Lindau disease, a familial syndrome characterized by benign and malignant tumors of the kidney...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Puri S,Cano DA,Hebrok M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of nonenzymatic glycosylation on the biologic function of human antithrombin III was evaluated using a chromogenic thrombin substrate assay in the presence of catalytic amounts of heparin. Experimental conditions that increased the rate of nonenzymatic protein glycosylation were associated with decreases in...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Brownlee M,Vlassara H,Cerami A

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00