The molecular pathophysiology of concussive brain injury.

abstract：:Altering body composition either through reducing body fat or increasing muscle mass is a frequent and very important concern of large numbers of young athletes. When efforts to induce these body changes are approached with sound principles of nutrition and training, the resulting changes in body composition can make ...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Smith NJ

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the immediate neurocognitive effects of sports-related concussion are well known, less is known about the intermediate or long-term effects of sports-related concussions. A sample of selected studies of high-school and collegiate athletes is reviewed and the intermediate effects of concussive injuries are dis...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Solomon GS,Ott SD,Lovell MR

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concussion is one of the most hotly debated topics in sports medicine today. Research surrounding concussion has experienced significant growth recently, especially in the areas of incidence, assessment, and recovery. However, there is limited research on the most effective rehabilitation approaches for this injury. T...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Broglio SP,Collins MW,Williams RM,Mucha A,Kontos AP

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meniscal surgery is one of the most common orthopedic procedures performed today. Orthopedic surgeons must be familiar with the indications for meniscal excision versus repair and comfortable with the diverse instrumentation used for both techniques. Numerous pitfalls exist in diagnosis, indication, and technical aspe...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Kale AA,Vangsness CT Jr

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ankle injuries occur frequently in an athletic population. Understanding the anatomy, biomechanics, pathomechanics, differential diagnosis, and special pediatric considerations allows an accurate diagnosis. Treatment with a nonoperative aggressive goal-oriented therapy program has been successful at the United States ...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Ryan JB,Hopkinson WJ,Wheeler JH,Arciero RA,Swain JH

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The decision to incorporate ortho-biologics into a clinical practice will ultimately depend on physicians' preferences and the resources available to their practice. It is important to emphasize that different biologics are used for different pathologies/injuries and in different settings, such as the operating room o...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Murphy CP,Sanchez A,Peebles LA,Provencher MT

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article provides a review of current important issues in the management of athletes who have sustained a concussion during athletic competition. Recent research in the area of concussion management is reviewed with specific reference to the side line evaluation of concussion and the follow-up of the athlete durin...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Lovell M,Collins M,Bradley J

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Presently there are no universally accepted definitions of the grades of concussion or criteria for when to allow the athlete to return to competition after a head injury. What is agreed upon is that in order to avoid cumulative brain damage and the second impact syndrome, no athlete still suffering post-concussion sy...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Cantu RC

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rehabilitation of the dysfunction that is associated with rotator cuff tendinopathy should be based on the evidence known about the pathoetiology of the tendinopathy, what is known about the extent of the local anatomic injury, the local and distant physiological and biomechanical alterations, and on the knowledge dev...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Kibler WB

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tennis is becoming increasingly popular, especially with young athletes. Despite recent advances in epidemiologic research of tennis injuries, there still is a need for more injury research in all of the racquet sports. The data that does exist show that the young athlete is susceptible to injury in these different sp...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Kibler WB,Safran MR

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The valued techniques and types of plain roentgenograms of the cervical spine and the lumbar spine in athletic injuries are discussed. A considerable number of injury types exist, as well as a large number of various roentgenographic views that the physician may order. In approaching the athlete with an injured spine,...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Thomas JC Jr

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing adequate protection is a very important component of proper treatment of athletic injuries of the upper extremity. This article reviews the anatomic considerations involved in fabricating splints for various joints of the hand and wrist that will allow the athlete to compete as early as possible while preven...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Gieck JH,Mayer V

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The overall health benefits of cardiovascular exercise, such as running, are well established. However, it is also well established that in certain circumstances running can lead to overload injuries of muscle, tendon, and bone. In contrast, it has not been established that running leads to degeneration of articular c...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Willick SE,Hansen PA

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteochondral defects, impingement, and instability of the ankle are common injuries in athletes. In this article, we review these diagnoses and their treatment options, with a focus on arthroscopic approaches. The treatment options continue to evolve, supported by innovation and outcome studies. In this article, we d...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Walker R,Kunkle WA,Carreira DS

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Careful patient selection, accurate surgical technique, and careful postoperative rehabilitation are all equally important to success in lateral release surgery. Whether the surgery is performed by open or arthroscopic technique, one must release all layers of the retinaculum, spare the vastus lateralis, extend the re...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Ford DH,Post WR

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surgical treatment of patellar dislocations, acute and chronic, has evolved significantly over the past decade with the advance of biomechanical knowledge of patellofemoral restraints and injury patterns identified by physical examination and improved imaging techniques. There continues to be no consensus on treatment...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Arendt EA,Fithian DC,Cohen E

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a distinct difference between ballet injuries and sports injuries in general, and the sports medicine physician needs to study the technique of dance and the specific injuries that it may produce in order to treat dancers effectively. In Australia, which is typical of other countries where ballet is performed...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Quirk R

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patellofemoral dysfunction is a common but not yet well-managed condition affecting a large number of athletes. It is important to perform a thorough evaluation of these athletes including soft-tissue imbalances and faulty movement patterns. It is also important to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Beckman M,Craig R,Lehman RC

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress fractures are common injuries, particularly in endurance athletes. Stress fracture management should take into consideration the injury site (low risk versus high risk), the grade (extent of microdamage accumulation), and the individual's competitive situation. The authors briefly discuss the pathophysiology an...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Diehl JJ,Best TM,Kaeding CC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Headache is one of the most common entities to affect mankind. In addition to headaches seen in the general population, there are numerous types of headaches that are related to physical activity and sports. This article discusses the mechanism, presentation, evaluation, treatment, and prevention of the most common ca...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Dimeff RJ

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patella instability can cause significant pain and functional limitations. Several factors can predispose to patella instability, such as ligamentous laxity, increased anterior TT-TG distance, patella alta, and trochlear dysplasia. Acquired factors include MPFL injury or abnormal quadriceps function. In many cases, fi...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Koh JL,Stewart C

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The etiologies of low back pain and the biomechanics and pathology of the lumbar spine as they relate to tennis stroke mechanics have been reviewed, and a treatment protocol has been presented. A recent survey of the Men's Professional Tennis Tour is the only article found that discusses low back pain in tennis player...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Marks MR,Haas SS,Wiesel SW

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical inactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Regular aerobic and resistance training increases exercise capacity and plays a role both in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Patients with coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes mellitus must be ...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Armen J,Smith BW

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metatarsal fractures represent a relatively common injury, especially in athletes. The pertinent anatomy, evaluation, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of acute and chronic (stress) metatarsal shaft fractures are discussed. Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal, which are unique and important injuries, are...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Fetzer GB,Wright RW

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medial epicondylitis and ulnar nerve problems are common in the throwing athlete, resulting from the tremendous valgus stress that occurs during the acceleration phase of pitching. They are too often ignored as a cause of medial pain in the throwing athlete in favor of the diagnosis of ulnar collateral ligament injury...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Grana W

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical activity provides the biologic stimulus for a number of body adaptive mechanisms and therefore is a potent force in both prevention and treatment of sports injury. It has been shown, however, that therapeutic exercise must be prescribed with precision and care if it is to be of optimal value. There are no "ge...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Dickinson A,Bennett KM

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groin injuries in athletes are being recognized as one of the most difficult problems in sport. The symptoms associated with chronic groin injuries are often diffuse and uncharacteristic. These injuries usually constitute a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, the success of which depends on a correct diagnosis...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Renström PA

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, reproductive disorders in athletes have been observed in increasing numbers and proportions as larger numbers of women are participating in more strenuous athletic activities. Clinical problems with infertility and decreased bone density have been reported in this group, which has prided itself on its...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Loucks AB

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shoulder is the joint most subjected to repetitive microtrauma in swimming. This results in clinical manifestations of subacromial encroachment. The anatomy, radiographic changes, clinical findings, and histopathology of this disease process are discussed. The role of conservative exercises used in prevention as w...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Ciullo JV

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Golf interest is on the increase, resulting in a corresponding increase in golf-related tendon injuries. Injuries are best avoided by a good strength and flexibility program, proper warm-up exercises, and good stroke mechanics. Treatment is directed toward restoring the integrity of the muscle/tendon unit at the elbow...

journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine

authors： Kohn HS

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00