Abstract：
:Cannabinoids have emerged as powerful drug candidates for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases due to their immunosuppressive properties. Significant clinical and experimental data on the use of cannabinoids as anti-inflammatory agents exist in many autoimmune disease settings, but virtually no studies have been undertaken on their potential role in transplant rejection. Here we suggest a theoretical role for the use of cannabinoids in preventing allograft rejection. The psychotropic properties of CB1 agonists limit their clinical use, but CB2 agonists may offer a new avenue to selectively target immune cells involved in allograft rejection. Moreover, development of mixed CB1/CB2 agonists that cannot cross the blood-brain barrier may help prevent their undesired psychotropic properties. In addition, manipulation of endocannabinoids in vivo by activating their biosynthesis and inhibiting cellular uptake and metabolism may offer another pathway to regulate immune response during allograft rejection.
journal_name
Trends Pharmacol Scijournal_title
Trends in pharmacological sciencesauthors
Nagarkatti M,Rieder SA,Hegde VL,Kanada S,Nagarkatti Pdoi
10.1016/j.tips.2010.05.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-08-01 00:00:00pages
345-50issue
8eissn
0165-6147issn
1873-3735pii
S0165-6147(10)00092-1journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hypertension is prevalent and affects approximately 1 in every 4 adults in the Western world. Although many drugs are effective in treating hypertension, an individual's response to treatment is unpredictable. Pharmacogenetics holds the promise of becoming a tool to predict this response but obstacles and shortcomings...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2005.07.008
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer initiates at one site (primary tumor) and, in most cases, spreads to other distant organs (metastasis). During the multistep process of metastasis, primary tumor cells acquire cellular and phenotypic plasticity to survive and thrive in different environments. Moreover, cancer cells also utilize and educate micr...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2019.04.005
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A diet low in carbohydrates helps to reduce the amount of ingested calories and to maintain a healthy weight. With this in mind, food and beverage companies have reformulated a large number of their products, replacing sugar or high fructose corn syrup with several different types of zero-calorie sweeteners to decreas...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2011.06.007
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical experience with muscarinic agonists in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease includes studies of the effects of pilocarpine, arecoline, bethanechol, oxotremorine and RS 86. Although the results are somewhat conflicting, there is evidence that a subgroup of patients may respond with an improvement o...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attempts to develop neuroprotective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders have not yet been clinically successful. Axonal degeneration has been recognized as a predominant driver of disability and disease progression in central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sc...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2020.01.006
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inappropriate production of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin contributes to the pathogenesis of common iron disorders. Absolute or relative deficiency of hepcidin causes iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemias. Elevated hepcidin causes iron restriction in inflammatory conditions includ...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2014.01.004
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current medicines for the clinical management of inflammatory diseases act by inhibiting specific enzymes or antagonising specific receptors or blocking their ligands. In the past decade, a new paradigm in our understanding of the inflammatory process has emerged with the appreciation of genetic, molecular, and cellul...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2015.07.007
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The translocator protein (TSPO), an 18-kDa transmembrane protein primarily found in the outer mitochondrial membrane, is evolutionarily conserved and widely distributed across species. In mammals, TSPO has been described as a key member of a multiprotein complex involved in many putative functions and, over the years,...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2019.11.005
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of function of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumour suppressor contributes to the development of many cancers. However, in contrast to classical models of tumour suppression, partial loss of PTEN function appears to be frequently observed in the clinic. In addition, studies of both humans and mice wit...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2010.12.005
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticosteroids are highly effective in controlling inflammation and the molecular mechanisms involved are now becoming clear. Activation of glucocorticoid receptors results in increased or decreased transcription of a number of genes involved in the inflammatory process. Of particular importance is the repressio...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-6147(93)90184-l
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbonic anhydrase isoform IX (CA IX) is highly overexpressed in many types of cancer. Its expression, which is regulated by the HIF-1 transcription factor, is strongly induced by hypoxia and correlates with a poor response to classical chemo- and radiotherapies. CA IX contributes to acidification of the tumor environ...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2006.09.002
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzymes metabolize a wide variety of xenobiotics including many drugs. Because CYP3A is localized in both the liver and intestine, it can make a major contribution to the presystemic elimination of substrate drugs after oral administration ('first-pass metabolism'). However, assessments of t...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2009.02.003
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of the powerful CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing platform depends on DNA repair activities in the cells being targeted. Two new papers show that the low efficiency of targeting in some primary human cell lines is the result of p53-dependent cell arrest in response to the Cas9-induced break. This limitation must...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2018.06.005
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The GPR119 receptor is expressed predominantly in pancreatic β cells and in enteroendocrine cells. It is a major target for the development of anti-diabetic drugs that through GPR119 activation may stimulate both insulin and GLP-1 release. GPR119 can be activated by oleoylethanolamide and several other endogenous lipi...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2012.03.014
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although therapies that treat the symptoms of the disease have proven efficacy, strategies that slow or stop the neurodegenerative process are currently not available. Recently, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) con...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2004.03.003
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several lines of evidence suggest that adenosine may be an endogenous protective agent in cerebral ischaemia. Adenosine is normally present in the extracellular fluid in most tissues of the body, including the brain, and its level increases dramatically following hypoxia or ischaemia. The rate of adenosine production ...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-6147(92)90141-r
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genotoxicity of the most potent carcinogen in cigarette smoke [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)] is dependent on the relationship between its activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes and its detoxification by carbonyl reduction to NNK alcohol (NNAL) followed by glucuronidation. Recently, '11 beta-...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0165-6147(97)01090-0
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in schizophrenia (SZ) research indicate that the telencephalic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission deficit associated with this psychiatric disorder probably is mediated by the hypermethylation of the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD(67)), reelin and other GABAergic promoters. A ph...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2008.10.010
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence of off-target effects (OTEs) associated with small interfering (si)RNAs (19-29bp) in mammalian cells has existed for several years. Two recent articles demonstrate that short sequences within long double-stranded (ds)RNAs frequently cause undesirable OTEs in cultured Drosophila cells. These results reveal the...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2007.02.009
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), derived from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases, are potent vasodilators that function as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors in some vascular beds. EETs are rapidly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase to form dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). Recent re...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2006.11.002
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The broad importance of receptor-activated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the physiological action of hormones, neurotransmitters and growth factors has sparked interest in the study of transmembrane signalling events responsible for activation of phospholipase C. As with receptors involved in regulation of adenylyl c...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-6147(89)90008-4
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past 20 years we have learned a great deal about GABAA receptor (GABAAR) subtypes, and which behaviors are regulated or which drug effects are mediated by each subtype. However, the question of where GABAARs involved in specific drug effects and behaviors are located in the brain remains largely unanswered. We ...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2018.04.003
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Centrally acting drugs interfere with the function of central neurotransmitter systems. This often requires intact neuronal connections and is therefore best studied in vivo. Here, Gaetano Di Chiara describes the technique of brain dialysis, which permits direct in-vivo sampling of neurotransmitters and their metaboli...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-6147(90)90197-g
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis is an area of intense scientific interest, which encompasses the study of and triggers mechanisms involved in mediating the cell biology of programmed cell death. A number of low molecular weight compounds have been used to inhibit or enhance this fundamental cellular process and so apoptosis has now become ...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0165-6147(98)01277-2
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that G protein-coupled receptors can act as proton transporters, with the activated G protein-coupled receptor transporting H+ across the membrane from the extracellular side to the cytoplasm. In this article, Paul Nederkoorn, Henk Timmerman and Gabriëlle Donné-Op den Kelder summarize the various...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0165-6147(00)89008-2
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Until recently, release studies have failed to indicate the existence of autoreceptors on motor nerves. Ignaz Wessler now reports on a refinement of the technique - the measurement of newly synthesized [3H]acetylcholine released from the phrenic nerve - which provides clear evidence in support of release-modulating au...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-6147(89)90208-3
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms of opioid tolerance have focused on adaptive modifications within cells containing opioid receptors, defined here as cellular allostasis, emphasizing regulation of the opioid receptor signalosome. We review additional regulatory and opponent processes involved in behavioral tolerance, and include mechanisti...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2016.08.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insect nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptors are molecular targets of insecticides such as neonicotinoids that are used to control disease-carrying insects and agricultural pests. To date, several insect nACh receptor subunits have been identified, indicating different nACh receptor subtypes and pharmacological pro...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2006.11.006
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five subtypes of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors have been identified in mammalian tissues, but the selectivity of ligands that are active at these receptors is low. It is possible, however, that selective compounds may be developed by targeting their allosteric site(s). Important new insights into the mechanism of...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0165-6147(00)89023-9
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Docking is now routine in virtual screening or lead optimization for drug screening and design. The number of papers related to docking has dramatically increased over the past decade. However, there are many issues to consider when undertaking a docking study. Frequent problems or issues arise, such as the wrong bind...
journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tips.2014.12.001
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
