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On the causal structure of information bias and confounding bias in randomized trials.

Abstract：

:Randomized trials are undoubtedly different from observational studies, but authors sometimes propose differences between these designs that do not exist. In this article we examine two claims about randomized trials: first, a recent claim that the causal structure of exposure measurement (information) bias in a randomized trial differs from the causal structure of that bias in an observational study. Second, a long-standing claim that confounding bias cannot operate in a randomized trial - if randomization was perfectly implemented. Using causal diagrams (causal directed acyclic graphs), we show that both claims are false in the context of an intention-to-treat analysis. We also describe a previously unrecognized mechanism of information bias, and suggest that the term 'information bias' should replace the terms 'measurement bias' and 'observation bias'.

journal_name

J Eval Clin Pract

journal_title

Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors

Shahar E,Shahar DJ

doi

10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01347.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1214-6

issue

6

eissn

1356-1294

issn

1365-2753

pii

JEP1347

journal_volume

15

pub_type

杂志文章

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