Clostridium difficile and inflammatory bowel disease.

abstract：:Current practice guidelines recommend annual fecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in the average-risk population over the age of 50. Efficacy of fecal occult blood test screening is supported by several controlled prospective trials and case-control studies. Implementation of this recommendation, in...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bond JH

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gallstones are common with prevalences as high as 60% to 70% in American Indians and 10% to 15% in white adults of developed countries. Ethnic differences abound with a reduced frequency in black Americans and those from East Asia, while being rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain risk factors for gallstones are immutab...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stinton LM,Myers RP,Shaffer EA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A persisting reservoir of the Gulf Coast strain of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 in Louisiana and Texas marshes and the shipment of seafood from these areas throughout the United States means that sporadic cases and outbreaks of cholera may occur anywhere in the country for the foreseeable future. Such cases are most likel...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Blake PA

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding of hemorrhoidal pathology and treatment has come a long way. The theory of a sliding anal canal lining and the knowledge that hemorrhoidal cushions are a normal part of the anal anatomy should encourage symptom control rather than radical removal of tissue. Techniques that fix the cushions back in positi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hulme-Moir M,Bartolo DC

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Achalasia is a rare motility disorder of the esophagus characterized by the absence of peristalsis and defective relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Patients present at all ages with dysphagia and regurgitation as main symptoms. The diagnosis is suggested by barium swallow and endoscopy and confirmed by mano...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Moonen AJ,Boeckxstaens GE

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the AIDS epidemic continues to grow, it becomes increasingly important that physicians are aware of the gastrointestinal and abdominal diseases specific to this group of patients. Most AIDS patients exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms at some time during the course of their disease. Clinical AIDS is often determined ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Yee J,Wall SD

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several hepatobiliary diseases appear to be mediated by the host immune response. They can be subdivided into those in which the immune reaction is against an infectious agent such as hepatitis viruses, those in which the immune reaction appears to be against an autoantigen expressed on hepatobiliary cells, and those ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Vierling JM

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CP remains a challenging disease. Endoscopic and surgical management, along with antioxidants, have helped in reducing chronic pain. Management of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency forms the cornerstone for improving nutrition in these patients. Newer therapeutic targets that will transcend the management of CP bey...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Trikudanathan G,Navaneethan U,Vege SS

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Constipation is a common clinical problem that comprises a constellation of symptoms that include excessive straining, hard stools, feeling of incomplete evacuation, use of digital maneuvers, or infrequent defecation. Although many conditions, such as metabolic problems, fiber deficiency, anorectal problems, and drugs...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Rao SS

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular and molecular understanding of human gastroparesis has markedly improved due to studies on full-thickness gastric biopsies. A decrease in the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and functional changes in ICC constitutes the hallmark cellular feature of gastroparesis. More recently, in animal model...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Chikkamenahalli LL,Pasricha PJ,Farrugia G,Grover M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probiotics have been studied in a variety of GI infections, and are an appealing concept given their favorable safety profiles. Several placebo-controlled trials indicated that lactobacilli have a suppressive effect on H pylori infection. Although some studies reported improvement in H pylori eradication, others faile...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Huebner ES,Surawicz CM

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saruta M,Papadakis KA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence indicates that the gut microbiota and/or interactions between the microbiota and the host immune system are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Strategies that target the microbiota have emerged as potential therapies and, of these, probiotics have gained the greatest attention. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Abraham BP,Quigley EMM

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex clinical process with multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. There has recently been a shift in the treatment of patients with severe IBS symptoms to disease-modifying therapies as opposed to symptomatic treatment. Because pathophysiologic differences exist between men and wo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Tsynman DN,Thor S,Kroser JA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of colorectal neoplasia originates from normal colonic mucosa, progresses to the adenomatous polyp, and later may evolve into carcinoma. This procession of histologic change can be defined by a series of successive waves of clonal expansion that contain certain genetic alterations. These genetic altera...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Carethers JM

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco and alcohol use are strong risk factors for cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Saturated fat and red meat intake also appear to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The strongest and most consistent dietary protective factors for gastrointestinal cancer are vegetables and fruits. Some micronutrient...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hensrud DD,Heimburger DC

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topical therapy with amino salicylate enemas is the treatment of choice for proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, and left-sided ulcerative colitis. Adjunctive sulfasalazine therapy is often required. Relapse rates of 80 per cent can be expected within 3 months of discontinuing therapy. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ginsberg AL

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis, the cause can be established on the basis of initial history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and abdominal sonography. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis at that point are often considered to have idiopathic disease. However, a cause and, often, effec...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grendell JH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Common disease states in gastroenterology are more effectively treated in an obese patient when weight loss is incorporated into the treatment plan. Strategies that seek to achieve weight loss improve outcomes in the treatment of hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and colorectal cancer, as examples. Pharm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Keith JN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precursor lesions in the GIT include flat dysplasias, adenomas, dysplasia superimposed on nonneoplastic polyps, endocrine cell dysplasia, ACF, and condyloma accuminatum. Interobserver variability can be a problem in reporting dysplasia, and ancillary techniques including flow cytometry, image analysis, proliferation m...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Haber MM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of EUS has improved the way we evaluate and manage patients with rectal cancer. EUS has substantially greater sensitivity than CT in detecting advanced T stage tumors. Such improved sensitivity results in changes in preoperative therapy that would not otherwise have occurred without EUS. Although the a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Wiersema MJ,Harewood GC

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anal cancer is rare and this helps to explain why anal pre-neoplastic conditions are poorly understood, especially with regard to their natural history and management. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is closely linked to human papillomavirus infection and is particularly common in homosexuals and in immunosuppressed pa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Shepherd NA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radionuclide studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract have been useful in many gastrointestinal disorders. However, the literature relating to radionuclide techniques in morbid obesity is limited and, at times, controversial. It is hoped that this brief review will stimulate interest in the use of tracer techniques...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： DeRogatis AJ

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three (author's standard) or five biopsy specimens (two antral, two corpus, one incisura) as suggested by the Sydney system (original and revised version) [figure: see text] correctly separate infected mucosa from uninfected mucosa. No combination identified correctly the presence of intestinal metaplasia to be consid...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： el-Zimaity HM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of patients after operations on the foregut is a challenge for physicians and surgeons. The early postoperative period is an especially important interval because the very survival of the patient as well as the success of the surgical intervention depends on the correct interpretation of t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Donahue PE

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biotherapeutic agents offer unique advantages over traditional treatments for infectious diarrhea, and several have been shown to be effective (Table 4). These therapeutic microbial agents are most effective in types of infectious diseases that are associated with a disruption of the normal intestinal microecology (e....

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Elmer GW,McFarland LV

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better definition of a pseudocyst that clearly separates it from acute fluid collection, improvements in imaging studies, and a better understanding of the natural history of pseudocysts have changed the concepts regarding their management. The old teaching that cysts of more than 6 cm in diameter that have been pre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pitchumoni CS,Agarwal N

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutritional strategies have been explored as primary or adjunct therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Exclusive enteral nutrition is effective for the induction of remission in Crohn disease and is recommended as a first-line therapy for children. Dietary strategies focus on adjusting the ratio of consumed n...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Limketkai BN,Wolf A,Parian AM

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The health care burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is projected to continue to increase over the next two decades, so improving the efficacy of anti-HCV therapy has the potential to significantly affect health care utilization associated with the disease. Adherence to standard combination therapy and maintain...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Manns MP

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Capsule endoscopy is a relatively new technology available in the investigation of IBD. Its place in the algorithm of evaluating IBD is being refined. Capsule endoscopy has the ability to visualize the entire SB with very few complications. It is a sensitive test for the diagnosis of mucosal changes, but should be vie...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： de Melo SW Jr,Di Palma JA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00