Effect of volatile anesthetics on vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in children.

Abstract:

:We studied 60 children undergoing elective surgery to evaluate the effect of interactions between vecuronium and isoflurane or halothane on the potency and duration of neuromuscular blockade, as measured by electromyography. Vecuronium was first administered by a logarithm-based cumulative method (14, 22, 35, 56, 89 micrograms/kg) in 10 children anesthetized with thiopental (5 mg/kg), alfentanil (15 micrograms/kg first dose, then 10 micrograms/kg), and N2O/O2 (60:40) until a 95% +/- 2% twitch depression (ED95) was obtained. Thirty children given the same balanced anesthesia were then randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10 in each) to receive a single ED20 (21 micrograms/kg), ED50 (33 micrograms/kg), or ED80 (47 micrograms/kg) intravenous bolus of vecuronium calculated from the mean regression line of twitch responses of the first 10 children. In the second part of the study, 20 children were anesthetized with isoflurane (1.2%) or halothane (0.7%) and compared with the previous 10 children anesthetized with alfentanil-N2O. Potency of vecuronium determined by single-bolus or logarithm-based cumulative techniques was not significantly different. Isoflurane and halothane significantly decreased ED50 (22.3 +/- 1.6 and 25.4 +/- 1.4 micrograms/kg, respectively; mean +/- SE) and ED95 (41.5 +/- 3.3 and 46.7 +/- 3.2 micrograms/kg, respectively) compared with alfentanil-N2O (ED50: 32.8 +/- 0.8 micrograms/kg, ED95: 70.5 +/- 2.6 micrograms/kg). Recovery rate from vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade was significantly longer with isoflurane than with alfentanil-N2O or halothane. We conclude that in children single-bolus and logarithm-based cumulative techniques give similar potency estimates for vecuronium. Isoflurane and halothane increase by similar amounts the neuromuscular potency of vecuronium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

journal_name

Anesth Analg

journal_title

Anesthesia and analgesia

authors

Pittet JF,Melis A,Rouge JC,Morel DR,Gemperle G,Tassonyi E

doi

10.1213/00000539-199003000-00003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1990-03-01 00:00:00

pages

248-52

issue

3

eissn

0003-2999

issn

1526-7598

journal_volume

70

pub_type

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