Objectively measured sedentary time may predict insulin resistance independent of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity.

abstract：:Widely held theories of the pathogenesis of obesity-associated NIDDM have implicated apparently incompatible events as seminal: 1) insulin resistance in muscle, 2) abnormal secretion of insulin, and 3) increases in intra-abdominal fat. Altered circulating or tissue lipids are characteristic features of obesity and NID...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Prentki M,Corkey BE

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Canine pancreata obtained at total pancreatectomy were cannulated via the ducts and perfused with collagenase to prepare a tissue suspension that was isografted into the spleen (preparation congruent to 2 h, mean graft vol = 10 +/- 1 ml containing 24% of the B-cell mass/pancreas). In 13 dogs the tissue was implanted b...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Warnock GL,Rajotte RV,Procyshyn AW

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic β-cells play a pivotal role in maintaining normoglycemia. Recent studies have revealed that the β-cell is not a homogeneous cell population but, rather, is heterogeneous in a number of properties such as electrical activity, gene expression, and cell surface markers. Identification of specific β-cell subpop...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Dybala MP,Hara M

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently shown that leptin, the product of the obese gene, can directly influence T-cell function. In the work presented here, we explored the role of leptin in the development of spontaneous autoimmunity in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model for the study of human insulin-dependent diabetes me...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Matarese G,Sanna V,Lechler RI,Sarvetnick N,Fontana S,Zappacosta S,La Cava A

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased proinsulin secretion, which characterizes type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, may be due to an intrinsic, primitive defect in proinsulin processing or be secondary to increased demand on β-cells (hyperinsulinemia secondary to insulin resistance). An alternative way to investigate the relation between rel...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mezza T,Ferraro PM,Sun VA,Moffa S,Cefalo CMA,Quero G,Cinti F,Sorice GP,Pontecorvi A,Folli F,Mari A,Alfieri S,Giaccari A

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue sensitivity to insulin was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (delta plasma insulin above basal 90 microU/ml) in eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after 4-8 mo of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and in 36 age-matched control subjects. Institution of...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Simonson DC,Tamborlane WV,Sherwin RS,Smith JD,DeFronzo RA

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence demonstrates that hypothalamic insulin signaling is required for inhibition of endogenous glucose production. The downstream mechanisms that are responsible for the effects of hypothalamic insulin receptor activation on hepatic fuel flux remain to be determined. To establish whether downregulation of n...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： van den Hoek AM,Voshol PJ,Karnekamp BN,Buijs RM,Romijn JA,Havekes LM,Pijl H

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvement of glycemic status by insulin is associated with profound changes in amino acid metabolism in type 1 diabetes. In contrast, a dissociation of insulin effect on glucose and amino acid metabolism has been reported in type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetic patients are reported to have reduced muscle oxidative enzy...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Halvatsiotis P,Short KR,Bigelow M,Nair KS

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4A), the gene for the maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 1 monogenic form of type 2 diabetes, is within the type 2 diabetes-linked region on chromosome 20q12-q13.1 and, consequently, is a positional candidate gene for type 2 diabetes in the general population. Previous studi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bagwell AM,Bento JL,Mychaleckyj JC,Freedman BI,Langefeld CD,Bowden DW

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two sisters presented with severe insulin resistance and markedly decreased insulin binding to erythrocytes, cultured fibroblasts, and transformed lymphocytes. The dose-response curve of insulin-stimulated amino acid uptake in the fibroblasts was shifted to the right. The molecular weight of the insulin receptor on th...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kobayashi M,Sasaoka T,Takata Y,Hisatomi A,Shigeta Y

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of autoimmune New Zealand mice with the D variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus results in beta-cell damage and clinical diabetes. The induction of diabetes in parental NZB and NZW strains was independent of sex. However, the susceptibility to virus-induced diabetes in their F1 offspring was sex depend...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Yoon JW,Melez KA,Smathers PA,Archer JA,Steinberg AD

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules (mean size 220 nm), composed of spheric polymeric structures, have been used as a drug carrier for insulin. The rate of encapsulation of insulin is 54.9%, and we studied the therapeutic efficiency of the nanocapsules in diabetic and normal rats. When administered subcutaneously, ins...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Damgé C,Michel C,Aprahamian M,Couvreur P

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the effect of inhibition of gluconeogenesis on liver glycogen stores in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after a 3-day fast, 10% ethanol (EtOH) was administered intravenously to nine obese patients with NIDDM and six obese nondiabetic subjects. Rates of glucose appearance (3-[...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Clore JN,Blackard WG

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in β-cells is usually found as a consequence of increased metabolic load. Although it plays an essential role in β-cell compensatory mechanisms, mTORC1 negatively regulates autophagy. Using a mouse model with β-cell-specific deletion of Tsc2 (βTsc...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bartolomé A,Kimura-Koyanagi M,Asahara S,Guillén C,Inoue H,Teruyama K,Shimizu S,Kanno A,García-Aguilar A,Koike M,Uchiyama Y,Benito M,Noda T,Kido Y

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin levels in humans were measured by a new assay, the isotope dilution assay (IDA), based on stable isotope dilution mass spectrometry. A known amount of a deuterated analog of insulin was used as an internal standard and added to the serum samples before sample processing. After isolation by immunoaffinity chrom...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Stöcklin R,Vu L,Vadas L,Cerini F,Kippen AD,Offord RE,Rose K

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3B plays an important role in the antilipolytic action of insulin and, thereby, the release of fatty acids from adipocytes. Increased concentrations of circulating fatty acids as a result of elevated or unrestrained lipolysis cause insulin resistance. The lipolytic action of t...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mei J,Holst LS,Landström TR,Holm C,Brindley D,Manganiello V,Degerman E

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The success of the Edmonton Protocol for islet transplantation has provided new hope in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. This study reports on the assessment of 83 human islet grafts transplanted using the Edmonton Protocol since 1999. Cellular composition, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, showed a lower islet pu...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Street CN,Lakey JR,Shapiro AM,Imes S,Rajotte RV,Ryan EA,Lyon JG,Kin T,Avila J,Tsujimura T,Korbutt GS

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fasting hyperglycemia occurs when an excessive rate of endogenous glucose production (EGP) is not accompanied by an adequate compensatory increase in the rate of glucose disappearance (Rd). The situation following food ingestion is more complex as the amount of glucose that reaches the circulation for disposal is a fu...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rizza RA,Toffolo G,Cobelli C

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In genetically obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, adrenalectomy reverses or attenuates the obese phenotype. Relative to lean controls, ob/ob mice also exhibit decreased hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and increased hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AGRP) mRNA and neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA. It has been ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Makimura H,Mizuno TM,Roberts J,Silverstein J,Beasley J,Mobbs CV

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells in culture retain many of the functional properties of the endothelium in vivo. At high cell density, they become contact-inhibited. Endothelial cells, like vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, express binding sites for low density lipoprotein when depleted of sterol. In contact-inhibited en...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Fielding CJ

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetuin-A interferes with insulin action in animal studies, but data on fetuin-A and diabetes risk in humans are sparse and the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in this association is unknown. From 2000 to 2006, we prospectively identified 470 matched incident diabetes case-control pairs in the Nurses' Health S...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sun Q,Cornelis MC,Manson JE,Hu FB

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retrospective studies of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) have suggested that microalbuminuria predicts early all-cause (mainly cardiovascular) mortality independently of arterial blood pressure. These findings have not been confirmed in prospective studies, and it is not known whether the...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Mattock MB,Morrish NJ,Viberti G,Keen H,Fitzgerald AP,Jackson G

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) related common variants in the interleukin-6 (Il-6) receptor (IL6R) gene to plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Because IL6R variants were previously associated with IL-6 levels, we tested whether the associations with CRP were independent of IL-6 and...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Qi L,Rifai N,Hu FB

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin regulates heart metabolism through the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Studies have indicated that insulin can also regulate mitochondrial function. Relevant to this idea, mitochondrial function is impaired in diabetic individuals. Furthermore, the expression of Opa-1 and mitofusins, proteins ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Parra V,Verdejo HE,Iglewski M,Del Campo A,Troncoso R,Jones D,Zhu Y,Kuzmicic J,Pennanen C,Lopez-Crisosto C,Jaña F,Ferreira J,Noguera E,Chiong M,Bernlohr DA,Klip A,Hill JA,Rothermel BA,Abel ED,Zorzano A,Lavandero S

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin requirements for meals were measured in eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients, using a closed-loop insulin infusion system. Patients required more insulin for breakfast than for an isocaloric lunch (35.7 +/- 5.5 mU/kcal/3 h versus 26.9 +/- 5.1 mU/kcal/3 h, P less than 0.02) or an isocaloric supper (35.7 +/...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Nestler JE,Gebhart SS,Blackard WG

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In adult humans, insulin resistance is associated with relatively low proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in muscle membrane structural lipid. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between young children's muscle membrane fatty acid (FA) composition and indices of insulin resist...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Baur LA,O'Connor J,Pan DA,Storlien LH

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that activation of the protective arm of the renin angiotensin system, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)]/Mas receptor axis, corrects the vasoreparative dysfunction typically seen in the CD34(+) cells isolated from diabetic individuals. Peripheral blood CD...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Jarajapu YP,Bhatwadekar AD,Caballero S,Hazra S,Shenoy V,Medina R,Kent D,Stitt AW,Thut C,Finney EM,Raizada MK,Grant MB

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plasma and tissue concentration of ascorbic acid (AA) is reduced in diabetes. This study was designed to investigate the mechanism and significance of this phenomenon. The low plasma AA concentration of diabetic rats can be normalized by dietary AA supplement (20-40 mg/day), a dosage approximately equal to the max...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： McLennan S,Yue DK,Fisher E,Capogreco C,Heffernan S,Ross GR,Turtle JR

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes appears to progress not as an uncontrolled autoimmune attack on the pancreatic islet beta-cells, but rather in a highly regulated manner. Leukocytic infiltration of the pancreatic islets by autoimmune cells, or insulitis, can persist for long periods of time before the terminal destruction of beta-cell...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Matos M,Park R,Mathis D,Benoist C

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exogenous ghrelin reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and endogenous ghrelin protects against hypoglycemia during starvation. Islet ε-cells produce ghrelin and δ-cells express growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), suggesting the possibility of a paracrine mechanism for islet ghrelin to reach high local...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Gray SM,Niu J,Zhang A,Svendsen B,Campbell JE,D'Alessio DA,Tong J

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00