Abstract:
:Histopathological examination of tissue biopsies for the identification of infectious organisms is a very important diagnostic tool. Conventional culture confirmation of tissue biopsies often fail to identify any pathogen as, first of all, invariably most of the tissue samples that are collected and sent for culture isolation are inappropriately collected in formalin, which prevents pathogen growth in culture media. Inadequate processing like grinding, etc. further hinders isolation. Presence of inhibitors like dead tissue debris, fibers, etc. also delays isolation. Microbiologists often lack expertise in identifying infectious pathogens directly from tissue biopsies by microscopic visualization. This review therefore acquaints microbiologists with the various methods available for detecting infectious agents by using histological stains. On histopathological examination of the tissue biopsy once, it is determined that a disease is likely to be due to an infection and has characterized the inflammatory response and hence associated microorganisms should be thoroughly looked for. Although some microorganisms or their cytopathic effects may be clearly visible on routine haematoxylin- and eosin-stained sections, additional histochemical stains are often needed for their complete characterization. Highly specific molecular techniques, such as immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and nucleic acid amplification, may be needed in certain instances to establish the diagnosis of infection. Through appropriate morphologic diagnoses and interlaboratory communication and collaboration, direct microscopic visualization of tissue samples can thus be very helpful in reaching a correct and rapid diagnosis.
journal_name
Indian J Med Microbioljournal_title
Indian journal of medical microbiologyauthors
Gupta E,Bhalla P,Khurana N,Singh Tdoi
10.4103/0255-0857.49423subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
100-6issue
2eissn
0255-0857issn
1998-3646pii
IndianJMedMicrobiol_2009_27_2_100_49423journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Injection abscess is an iatrogenic infection occurring as an isolated case or as cluster outbreak. These infections occur due to contaminated injectables or lapse in sterilisation protocol. While pathogens such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, E. coli, and S. aureus are the usual causative agents, unusual organisms such as...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains of Enterobacteriaceae has emerged as a major challenge in hospitalised as well as community based patients. Infections due to ESBL producers range from uncomplicated urinary tract infection to life threatening sepsis. Although several reviews have ...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.19889
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of varicella are reported when susceptible population accumulates. This study reports a chickenpox outbreak in Burail in August 2014, wherein 20 laboratory-confirmed cases were identified by the detection of varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA and VZV IgM antibodies. The viral load between vesicular swabs and s...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_420
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Enteric parasitic infestation is a major public health problem in developing countries. Parasites such as Cryptosporidium spp., Cyclospora spp., Cystoisospora spp. and Microsporidia may cause severe diarrhoea among immunocompromised patients. There is scanty data on their frequency among immunocompetent patient...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.174114
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 23-year-old male patient who was a follow-up case of neurosurgery presented to our emergency department with a history of high-grade fever and clinical features of meningitis for 1 week. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was sent to our laboratory for culture. The culture demonstrated growth of 1-2 mm in diameter light ...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.115653
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the incidence and risk factors of Staphylococcus aureus colonisation in 300 treatment-naïve HIV patients. Swabs from anterior nares and pharynx were cultured. Eighty-eight patients (29.3%) were colonised with S. aureus (47.7% nasal, 23.8% pharyngeal and 28.5% at both sites), which yielded 112 isolates. Me...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_20_5
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in clinical health settings. Interestingly the origin of many of antibiotic resistance mechanisms can be traced back to non-pathogenic environmental organisms. Important factors leading to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance include absence of regulation in the us...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.103756
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in paediatric leukaemias. Antifungal combinations to treat these patients are being explored. Fourteen children with leukaemias and IFIs were treated with a combination of antifungal agents at our centre. The first antifungal was ampho...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_18_157
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal listeriosis is widely reported, but this is the first case reported in Serbia. A newborn developed respiratory distress syndrome 2 hours after delivery and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Initial empirical therapy was inappropriate. Consequently, on the second day, the patient developed meni...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.115229
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Genotyping studies like spoligotyping are valuable tools in understanding the genetic diversity and epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Though there are reports of spoligotyping of M. tuberculosis isolates from pulmonary specimens from different parts of India, spoligotyping of extra pulmonary tuberculo...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.154871
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the discriminatory power of two DNA-based technique and a protein-based technique for the typing of nosocomial isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. A second objective was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and characterise the presence of genes encoding...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_308
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe the changes in antibiotic susceptibility patterns of common intensive care unit pathogens with time from the medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. METHODS:A prospective observational study was conducted in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a 2100 bed tertiary care hospita...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.34764
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate E-test as a tool for rapid determination of drug susceptibility against the conventional LJ method focusing on reliability, expense, ease of standardization and performance of the technique in low resource settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 74 clinical isolates (2004-2005) of Mycobacterium tube...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.58725
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_20_47
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.174124
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type:
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_180
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic options for the treatment of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei are limited due to the inherent resistance conferred by this pathogen to various groups of antibiotics. Witnessing an increase in the number of microbiological culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis at our settings in the past few...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.188340
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) is now introducing daily fixed-dose regimen instead of Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course (DOTS) regimen for treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) in India. It would be beneficial to understand the drawbacks, barriers and advantages of t...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_18_65
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterial diseases continue to cause high morbidity and mortality. Isolation, identification and sensitivity testing form the backbone of laboratory investigations. M. tuberculosis isolation needs 6-8 weeks on conventional egg containing media. For rapid isolation various methods have been evaluated. We evaluated ...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.16050
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-hemolytic Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from the pericardial fluid obtained from a patient with pyopericardium. The patient was immunocompetent and had mild pleural effusion. He was treated with parenteral co-amoxiclav and amikacin, had underwent pericardiectomy with repeated pericardial aspiration, and reco...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.38870
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis accounts for up to 4% of acute pericarditis and 7% cases of cardiac tamponade. Prompt treatment can be life saving but requires accurate diagnosis. We report a case of 30-year-old male who presented with fever, chills, and dry nonproductive cough since one month. The case was diagnosed by radiological fin...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term superantigen was introduced in microbiology and immunology only a decade ago. The unique feature of superantigen is that it bypasses the antigen processing mechanism and specifically binds to TCR v segment and forms a trimolecular complex along with major histocompatibility complex class II. Since its discove...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to ascertain if the simple practice of Gram stain, acridine orange stain and direct sensitivity determination of positive blood culture bottles could be used to guide early and appropriate treatment in trauma patients with clinical suspicion of sepsis. The study also aimed to evalu...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.62491
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) secondary to infections occurs due to excessive, non-malignant proliferation of histiocytes, with resultant haemophagocytosis. The syndrome is essentially treatable, provided timely etiological diagnosis is achieved. In this report, we present a rare case of a child who hailed from Uttar...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.37354
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fusarium is an emerging human opportunistic pathogen of growing importance, especially among immunosuppressed haematology patients due to an increased incidence of disseminated infections over the past two decades. This trend is expected only to continue due to the advances in medical and surgical technologies that wi...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_24
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant otitis externa (MOE) is a severe infection of external auditory canal and skull base. A 17-year-old diabetic girl was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Cellulitis of her right ear occurred on the second day of hospitalization and a black necrotic scar in the same region appeared on the next day. The lesio...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.29390
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background and Objectives:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of chronic liver disease (CLD). Although Northeast India is believed to be a HCV hotspot, the proportion of HCV infection and the distribution of HCV genotypes in CLD cases from the region are not known. The objectives of the study were to determin...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_17_371
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Detecting plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) β-lactamase-producing organism is important for optimal infection control and providing accurate and effective treatment option for physicians. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pAmpC β-lactamase and compare the results of boronic a...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.108723
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, the most commonly isolated pathogen are becoming emerging threats to the community as well as to the nosocomial environment. The present study underscores the distribution of Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) types among Methicillin resistant Coagulase Negati...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_18_285
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present study was undertaken to detect metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) in nosocomial isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by four different phenotypic methods. METHODS:Ninety-one consecutive P. aeruginosa isolates were subjected to susceptibility testing by disc-diffusion assay and Vitek 2. Imipenem resistance ...
journal_title:Indian journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4103/0255-0857.39587
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00